Facial Plast Surg 2020; 36: 395-403DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714062Over the history of facial rejuvenation surgery there has been a progressive assimilation of knowledge about the anatomy of neck structures that are central to the manifestations of the aging neck. These advances in knowledge have been accompanied by the innovation and introduction of several surgical techniques to restore the neck to a more youthful appearance. The rejuvenation of the aging neck frequently incorporates a consideration...
Mon Aug 31, 2020 02:00
Facial Plast Surg 2020; 36: 447-452DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714266Minimally invasive cosmetic procedures are in increasing demand worldwide. Patients are constantly searching for office-based techniques that can help improve the signs of aging but without the morbidity of a surgical procedure. Thread lifting with polydioxanone (PDO) sutures is a cosmetic procedure where lax tissue is lifted and repositioned trying to create a more youthful looking facial contour. The threads are absorbable and come in...
Mon Aug 31, 2020 02:00
Facial Plast Surg 2020; 36: 337-350DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714117Profound understanding of the surgical anatomy of the face and neck is the key to successful face lift surgery. The “Segmental SMAS Model” presented herein is the result of a decade-long effort in teaching fellows a logical and coherent anatomic model of face lift anatomy. The superficial musculo-aponeurotic system (SMAS) consists of segments with distinct surgical characteristics. These are determined by the presence of a deep gliding...
Mon Aug 31, 2020 02:00
Facial Plast Surg 2020; 36: 416-429DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713848South America is a vast territory; its people were made from all parts of the world. The miscegenation made a unique population comprised of Indian, Asian, Caucasian, African, Mestizo, Mulatto, and Zambo. The South American patients tend to have a wider face with a skin-soft tissue envelope (S-STE) that is thicker, heavier, and has less elasticity than the Caucasian patient. Upper eyelids may hood easily. In the same way, malar eminences...
Mon Aug 31, 2020 02:00
Facial Plast Surg 2020; 36: 351-357DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714267Rhytidectomy is a common procedure performed by facial plastic surgeons. On well-selected patients, rhytidectomy rejuvenates the aging face by repositioning soft tissues and improving facial shape. The fundamental goal of rhytidectomy, or facelift surgery, is to provide a more youthful facial appearance by elevating soft tissues that often descend with aging. The success and longevity of any rhytidectomy procedure are based on the individual...
Mon Aug 31, 2020 02:00
Facial Plast Surg 2020; 36: 386-394DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714263The introduction and evolution of different rhytidectomy techniques has spawned an exciting era of facial rejuvenation in modern times. To provide patients with the best customized approach to surgery the facial aesthetic surgeon must have familiarity and understanding of the fundamental differences between these techniques. Here we set forth to provide some historical and anatomical perspective, followed by reviewing and comparing some...
Mon Aug 31, 2020 02:00
Facial Plast Surg 2020; 36: 358-375DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713842In this article, we will provide the reader with the anatomical and embryologic evidence supporting the use of the deep-plane approach in rhytidectomy and insight into the evolution of the technique into the vertical platysma advancement. The original description of the deep-plane technique only described a basic superficial muscular aponeurotic system dissection in the midface with the ability to use tension on the flap without aesthetic...
Mon Aug 31, 2020 02:00
Facial Plast Surg 2020; 36: 404-415DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713827Rhytidectomy techniques have evolved significantly since the procedure was first described in the early twentieth century. Techniques vary based on surgeon preference, patient characteristics, and the desired outcome. As facelifts are embraced by the general public and the frequency of rhytidectomy increases, attention to male patient-specific technique is critical. Male and female facelift techniques are fundamentally similar; however,...
Mon Aug 31, 2020 02:00
Facial Plast Surg 2020; 36: 376-385DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714118The mini facelift, often referred to as short scar or minimum incision facelift or rhytidectomy, is a facial rejuvenation procedure with limited incisions. It aims to lift and tighten the superficial musculo-aponeurotic system to restore the lower midface and the mandibular contour, thus eliminating undesirable jowls. By performing the deep plane or extended deep plane facelift with short incisions, the midface and upper neck can also...
Mon Aug 31, 2020 02:00
Facial Plast Surg 2020; 36: 430-446DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714119Energy-based facelifting techniques are a relatively new genre of surgery. In this approach, the energy-based device—whether laser, radiofrequency plasma, or ultrasound—can be used in the superficial plane to elevate skin flaps before performing more traditional facelift techniques involving the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) or platysma. The initial reports of utilizing fiber lasers as surgical tools date back to approximately...
Mon Aug 31, 2020 02:00
Facial Plast Surg 2020; 36: 453-461DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713822Rhytidectomy, or facelift in layman's terms, is performed to reverse the appearance of facial aging. A lift can improve volume shifts with age, reposition sagging tissues, and eliminate skin redundancy. There are limitations to what can be accomplished with a facelift alone. Commonly performed adjuncts including surgery to the eyelids or brows, liposuction, and even rhinoplasty can be combined to improve the result. Further options exist...
Mon Aug 31, 2020 02:00
Facial Plast Surg 2020; 36: 493-494DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3401021Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Article in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents | Full text
Mon Aug 31, 2020 02:00
Facial Plast Surg 2020; 36: 462-477DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713823All surgical and minimally invasive procedures carry a risk of complications. It is imperative that the facial plastic surgeon and his/her staff are well educated in recognizing and managing all the possible problems that could arise. They must also be ready and able to deal with and correct any problem. The patient undergoing surgery or a procedure also needs to be informed of all possible sequelae and complications. Sequelae will happen...
Mon Aug 31, 2020 02:00
Facial Plast Surg 2020; 36: 335-336DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714262Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Article in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents | Full text
Mon Aug 31, 2020 02:00
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