Zika Virus Infection with Prolonged Maternal Viremia and Fetal Brain Abnormalities

Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus and member of the Flaviviridae family, was originally isolated from a sentinel primate in Uganda in 1947. ZIKV was associated with mild febrile disease and maculopapular rash in tropical Africa and some areas of Southeast Asia. Since 2007, ZIKV has…

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Exclusive real-time monitoring during recurrent laryngeal nerve dissection in conventional monitored thyroidectomy

Publication date: Available online 30 March 2016
Source:The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences
Author(s): Xiao-Li Liu, Che-Wei Wu, Yi-Shen Zhao, Tie Wang, Peng Chen, Jing-Wei Xin, Shi-Jie Li, Da-Qi Zhang, Guang Zhang, Yan-Tao Fu, Li-Na Zhao, Le Zhou, Gianlorenzo Dionigi, Feng-Yu Chiang, Hui Sun
During conventional intermittent intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) in thyroidectomy, recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury is detected by an electromyographic (EMG) loss of signal (LOS) after the nerve dissection. Exclusive continuous monitoring during the phase of RLN dissection may be helpful in detecting adverse EMG changes earlier. A total of 208 RLNs at risk were enrolled in this study. Standardized IONM procedures were followed. We continuously stimulated the RLN at the lower exposed end with a stimulator to exclusively monitor the real-time quantitative EMG change during RLN dissection. Once the amplitude decreased by more than 50% of the initial signal, the surgical maneuver was paused and the RLN was retested every minute for 10 minutes to determine amplitude recovery before restarting the dissection. The procedure was feasible in all patients. No LOS was encountered in this study. Nineteen RLNs had an amplitude reduction of more than 50%. Eighteen nerves showed gradual amplitude recovery (16 nerves had a traction injury and two nerves had a compression injury). After 10 minutes, the recovery was complete (i.e., >90%) in eight nerves, 70–90% in seven nerves, and 50–70% in three nerves. Among these 18 nerves, only one nerve developed temporary vocal palsy because it was exposed to unavoidable repeated nerve traction after restarting the dissection. Another nerve showed no gradual recovery from thermal injury, and developed temporary vocal palsy. The temporary and permanent palsy rates were 1% and 0%, respectively. During intermittent IONM, exclusive real-time monitoring of the RLN during dissection is an effective procedure to detect an adverse EMG change, and prevent severe RLN injuries that cause LOS.



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Toric IOL results with femto vs standard cataract surgery

Espaillat A, Pérez O, Potvin R

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Risk factors for tube exposure

Chaku M, Netland PA, Ishida K, Rhee DJ

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Spectral domain optical coherence tomography imaging of subretinal bands

Kothari N, Kuriyan AE, Flynn HW Jr

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Age-related maintenance of eccentric strength: a study of temperature dependence

Abstract

With adult aging, eccentric strength is maintained better than isometric strength leading to a higher ratio of eccentric/isometric force production (ECC/ISO) in older than younger adults. The purpose was to investigate the ECC/ISO during electrical activation of the adductor pollicis during lengthening (20–320° s⁻¹) contractions in 24 young (n = 12, ∼24 years) and old (n = 12, ∼72 years) males across muscle temperatures (cold ∼19 °C; normal ∼30 °C; warm ∼35 °C). For isometric force, the old were 20–30 % weaker in the normal and cold conditions (P < 0.05) with no difference for the warm condition compared to young (P > 0.05). Half-relaxation time (HRT) did not differ across age for the normal and warm temperatures (P > 0.05), but it slowed significantly for old in the cold condition compared with young (∼15 %; P < 0.05), as well, there was a 20 and 40 % increase in muscle stiffness for the young and old, respectively. ECC/ISO was 50–60 % greater for the cold condition than the normal and warm conditions. There was no age difference in ECC/ISO across ages for the normal and warm conditions (P > 0.05), but for the cold, the old exhibited a 20–35 % higher ECC/ISO than did the young for velocities above 60° s⁻¹ (P < 0.05). A contributing factor to the elevated ECC/ISO is an increased proportion of weakly compared to strongly bound crossbridges. These findings highlight the relationship (r = 0.70) between intrinsic muscle contractile speed (HRT) and eccentric strength in old age.

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Self-reported receipt of healthcare professional’s weight management counselling is associated with self-reported weight management behaviours of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Weight loss has been shown to influence the health outcomes of type 2 diabetes patients. Providing weight management counselling to diabetes patients may help them adopt appropriate weight management behaviour...

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Evolution of internal variables in an expanding hollow cylinder at large plastic strains

An efficient method for calculating the evolution of internal variables in an expanding hollow cylinder of rigid/plastic material is proposed. The conventional constitutive equations for rigid plastic, hardeni...

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Effects of berberine on pharmacokinetics of midazolam and rhodamine 123 in rats in vivo

To evaluate whether berberine hydrochloride (BBR) could modify the pharmacokinetic profiles of midazolam (MDZ), a substrate of CYP3A, and rhodamine 123 (Rh123), a substrate of P-glycolprotein (P-gp), in male ...

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Food intake and gestational weight gain in Swedish women

The objective of this study was to investigate if food intake (dairy, snacks, caloric beverages, bread, cheese, margarine/butter, potato/rice/pasta/grains, red meat, fish and fruit/berries/vegetables) is assoc...

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Safety, efficacy and clinical generalization of the STAR protocol: a retrospective analysis

The changes in metabolic pathways and metabolites due to critical illness result in a highly complex and dynamic metabolic state, making safe, effective management of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia difficult. ...

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Relative Inhibitions of 5-Lipoxygenase and Myeloperoxidase and Free-Radical Scavenging Activities of Daidzein, Dihydrodaidzein, and Equol

Journal of Medicinal Food , Vol. 0, No. 0.


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Verification of the harmonization of human epididymis protein 4 assays

Journal Name: Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)
Issue: Ahead of print


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Impact of under-filled blood collection tubes containing K2EDTA and K3EDTA as anticoagulants on automated complete blood count (CBC) testing

Journal Name: Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)
Issue: Ahead of print


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Monitoring multiple myeloma patients treated with daratumumab: teasing out monoclonal antibody interference

Journal Name: Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)
Issue: Ahead of print


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Distribution of antiphospholipid antibodies in a large population-based German cohort

Journal Name: Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)
Issue: Ahead of print


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Effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on arterial stiffness and blood pressure in resistant hypertensive individuals: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Resistant hypertension (RH) treatment requires an adequate and intense therapeutic approach. However, the results are not always satisfactory despite intensive treatment. Of the different pathophysiological me...

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A Natural Product Telomerase Activator Lengthens Telomeres in Humans: A Randomized, Double Blind, and Placebo Controlled Study

Rejuvenation Research , Vol. 0, No. 0.


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POSAiDA: presence of Staphylococcus aureus/MRSA and Enterococcus/VRE in Danish ambulances. A cross-sectional study

Every year approximately one out of ten Danish patients contracts a healthcare associated infection (HAI). Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus are prominent in the group of pathogenic bacteria that underlie HA...

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Prevalence and risk factors of three curable sexually transmitted infections among women in Nairobi, Kenya

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major public health problem, especially in developing countries. The complications of untreated STIs in the female genital tract and their role in adverse pregnancy...

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Ann Agric Environ Med 2016; 23(1):120-124 " Immune and clinical response to honeybee venom in beekeepers"

 OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to assess immune response to honeybee venom in relation to the degree of exposure, time after a sting and clinical symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHOD:Fifty-four volunteers were divided into 2 groups: beekeepers and a control group. The serum levels of total IgE (tIgE), bee venom-specific IgE (venom sIgE), phospholipase A2-specific IgE (phospholipase A2 sIgE), tryptase and venom-specific IgG4 (venom sIgG4) were determined. In beekeepers, diagnostic tests were performed within 3 hours following a sting and were repeated after a minimum of 6 weeks from the last sting. In individuals from the control group, the tests were performed only once, without a sting. RESULTS:The tests showed significant differences in venom sIgE (beekeepers' median = 0.34 kUA/l, control group median = 0.29 kUA/l), baseline serum tryptase (beekeepers' median = 4.25 µg/l, control group median = 2.74 µg/l) and sIgG4 (beekeepers' median = 21.2 mgA/l, control group median = 0.14 mgA/l), confirming higher levels of the tested substances in the beekeepers than in the control group. A significant positive correlation was observed between phospholipase A2 sIgE concentration and severity of clinical symptoms after a sting in the group of beekeepers. It was also demonstrated that the clinical symptoms after a sting became less severe with increasing age of the beekeepers. CONCLUSIONS:The differences in the immune response to a bee sting between the beekeepers and individuals not exposed to bees were probably due to the high exposure of the beekeepers to honeybee venom allergens. This may suggest a different approach to the bee venom allergy diagnostic tests in this occupational group.

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Whisker-signaled Eyeblink Classical Conditioning in Head-fixed Mice

The preparation presented here for whisker-signaled eyeblink conditioning in head-fixed mice precisely stimulates specific whiskers while allowing mice to ambulate on a cylindrical treadmill. A whisker stimulation conditioned stimulus (CS) paired with a periorbital shock unconditioned stimulus (US) results in reliable associative learning on this apparatus.

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Is Low Hemoglobin Concentration Highly Associated with the Onset of Cognitive Impairment in Elderly People?

Rejuvenation Research , Vol. 0, No. 0.


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