Early Identification and Management of Congenital Cytomegalovirus

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Early Identification and Management of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Via Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the most common nongenetic cause of sensorineural hearing loss. Despite its prevalence, universal screening for cCMV is not currently performed. Hearing loss caused by cCMV is most often severe to profound, often bilateral, and may be fluctuating or progressive. Infants with hearing loss at birth and confirmed cCMV might benefit from antiviral therapy. Roughly half of hearing loss cases owing to cCMV are delayed in onset, and consequently, these children pass newborn hearing screening. Children with cCMV require close audiologic monitoring, require appropriate management with hearing aids, and should be monitored for cochlear implant candidacy. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Covid 19 Pandemic-Training of Healthcare Workers in Obtaining a Nasopharyngeal Swab: Our Experience

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Covid 19 Pandemic-Training of Healthcare Workers in Obtaining a Nasopharyngeal Swab: Our Experience Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract To describe the training of healthcare workers (HCW) in nasopharyngeal swabbing during the COVID 19 pandemic. Study design: Retrospective study. Setting: Tertiary care teaching hospital. Subjects and methods: One hundred and seventy eight health care workers were trained from May 2020 to January 2021. Three modules were designed to train the health care workers in the technique of obtaining a nasopharyngeal swab specimen.Training consisted of an instructional video on how to perform nasopharyngeal swabs and live demonstration followed by hands-on supervised training. The trainees included 30 doctors, 101 nurses, 31 respiratory therapists, 3 physiotherapists, 9 interns and 4 lab technicians. There were 39 male and 139 female trainees. After attending all 3 modules of training, they were confident and efficient in taking a non-traumatic nasopharyngeal swab. Good knowledge and adequate training is key to a good nasopharyngeal sampling for SARS CoV-2 testing. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Normal anatomy, variants and factors associated with the cervical vagus nerve topography: a high-resolution ultrasound study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Normal anatomy, variants and factors associated with the cervical vagus nerve topography: a high-resolution ultrasound study Via radiol anat Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 Sep 15. doi: 10.1007/s00276-021-02832-4. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To describe the cervical vagus nerve (CVN) topography at the thyroid lobe (TL) level using high-resolution ultrasound and to investigate the possible association with anthropometric data, TL size, and thyroid disease. METHODS: We prospectively examined 550 CVNs in 275 (205 female, 70 male) individuals with normal thyroid (53/275, 19.3%), multinodular disease (167/27 5, 60.7%), and Hashimoto thyroiditis (55/275, 20%). The CVN location relative to the common carotid artery was recorded as typical (lateral position) and atypical (anterior, medial, and posterior position). The shortest distance between CVN and TL margin, the TL dimensions, and volume were measured. RESULTS: Normal thyroid subjects had lateral-positioned right CVNs in 100% and lateral/anterior/medial left CVNs in 81.1%, 15.1%, and 3.8%, respectively. CVN types did not differ significantly bilaterally between study groups. Asymmetry in CVN topography in all subjects was found in 22.2%, of which anterior CVN was the most common atypical position (64%), especially on the left side (82%). Significant gender, age, body mass, and BMI differences among CVN types were observed on the left side only. Among CVN types, no difference in TL dimensions, volume, and CVN-TL distance was found in all study groups. A weak negative correlation was recorded between CVN-thyroid distance and TL vol ume only on the left side (r = - 0.147, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Asymmetry in CVN topography is mainly due to the increased incidence of the anterior location of CVN on the left side. Age and anthropometric parameters are different on the left side possibly due to the increased prevalence of left CVN variants. PMID:34524485 | DOI:10.1007/s00276-021-02832-4 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Surgical treatment of maxillary bone cyst though modified endoscopic prelacrimal recess approach

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Surgical treatment of maxillary bone cyst though modified endoscopic prelacrimal recess approach Via Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2021 Aug 7;56(8):863-866. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20201118-00875. NO ABSTRACT PMID:34521173 | DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20201118-00875 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Studies on efficacy of a bioabsorbable steroid-eluting sinus stent in the frontal sinus opening of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Studies on efficacy of a bioabsorbable steroid-eluting sinus stent in the frontal sinus opening of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps Via Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2021 Aug 7;56(8):824-829. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200809-00655. ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the efficacy of a bioabsorbable steroid-eluting sinus stent in improving surgical outcomes when placed in the frontal sinus ostium (FSO) following full endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in patients with whole group chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Methods: Patients with whole group CRSwNP who had similar lesions on bilateral sinus between September 2019 and March 2020 in Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital were chosen. Patients with CRSwNP who underwent extended ESS were randomly assigned to receive a steroid-eluting sinus stent in one FSO whereas the contralateral side received surgery alone. Endoscopic evaluations recorded at 30, 90 days postoperative were graded by an independent assessment panel to assess the ne ed for interventions in the FSO. Semi-quantitative data with CT and endoscopic score were performed by rank sum test. The need for postoperative intervention and the patency rate of FSO were analyzed using the McNemar test. Results: Thirty-one patients with whole group CRSwNP met all eligible criteria, including 17 males and 14 females, with the age of (44.5±11.8) years(x¯±s). Stents were successfully placed in one FSO of all patients. At 30 days post-ESS, the assessment panel reported that steroid-eluting stents reduced the need for postoperative interventions by 41.0% (χ2=5.314,P=0.021), the need for oral steroid interventions by 40.0% (χ2=4.133,P=0.042) and the need for surgical interventions by 74.8% (χ2=4.292,P=0.038) compared to control sinuses with no stents. Clinical surgeons also reported greater diameter of FSO compared to control sinuses at 30 days post-ESS (74.2% vs 48.4%, χ2=4.351, P=0.037). These results at 90 days post-ESS were consistent with those at 30 days post-ESS. Conclusion: Bioabsorbable steroid-eluting sinus stents in the FSO can reduce polyp formation, adhesion, and the need for postoperative interventions in FSO of CRSwNP patients and improve the early postoperative outcomes. PMID:34521166 | DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200809-00655 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

High frequency ultrasound combined with ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy for the diagnosis of primary thyroid lymphoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader High frequency ultrasound combined with ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy for the diagnosis of primary thyroid lymphoma Via Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2021 Aug 7;56(8):858-862. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20201201-00901. ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the sonographic features of primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) and to evaluate the clinical significance of ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy (US-CNB) in PTL. Methods: A total of 24 patients with suspected PTL in Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital from January 2013 to June 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. All cases were confirmed by pathology, of them 23 patients received US-CNB and 1 patient chose operation without US-CNB, including 5 males and 19 females, aged from 39 to 75 years old. The effectiveness and safety of 23 patients with US-CNB were evaluated, and the sonographic features of 20 patients with PTL diagnosed by pathology were analyzed. Descriptive statistical methods were used in the study. Results: In the 23 patients with suspected PTL underwent US-CNB, 18 pati ents were diagnosed as PTL, 4 patients were respectively diagnosed as subacute thyroiditis, anaplastic carcinoma, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and fibro thyroiditis, and the another patient was hard to diagnose by US-CNB and then was diagnosed as PTL by surgical biopsy. The success rate of US-CNB for diagnosis of PTL was 18/19, and no severe complications occurred in the patients with US-CNB. The other case was diagnosed as PTL by surgical biopsy without US-CNB. Sonographic features of 20 cases with PTL (18 cases diagnosed by US-CNB and 2 cases by surgery or surgery biopsy) were as follows: (1) Most nodules had irregular shapes and unsmooth margins; (2) Hypoechoic or markedly hypoechoic nodules with honeycombed or cord structures were observed in most cases; (3) Calcification was rare; (4) Multiple lesions were common; (5) Abundant intralesional vascularization was commonly observed; (6) Most cases had intensification of posterior acoustic enhancement; (7) Thyroid gland enlargement or w ith irregular shape; and (8) PTL often accompanied with lymph nodes enlargement in lateral neck or central region. Conclusion: PTL has certain sonographic features, with assistance of US-CNB, more accurate diagnosis of PTL can be obtained. PMID:34521172 | DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20201201-00901 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Parathyroid hormone assay with eluent of aspirated tissues in parathyroidectomy

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Parathyroid hormone assay with eluent of aspirated tissues in parathyroidectomy Via Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2021 Aug 7;56(8):844-847. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20201109-00858. ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the values of intraoperative fine-needle aspiration (IFNA) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) detection in the eluate of aspirated tissue during parathyroidectomy. Methods: Fifty-four patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) including 24 males and 30 females, aged 20-83 years, admitted to Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from January 2019 to October 2019, were included. All patients received subtotal parathyroidectomy with autologous transplantation, during surgery, IFNA and PTH detection in the eluate of aspirated tissue were performed, and also routine postoperative pathological examination was performed. The results of PTH detection in the eluate of aspirated tissue and postoperative pathological examinations were compared and analyzed by SPSS and R software for e valuating of the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, misdiagnosis rate, missed diagnosis and accuracy. Results: Surgery was completed successfully in all patients. After surgery, the symptoms were improved in the patients except two who were asymptomatic. None had any serious postoperative complications such as hypocalcaemia or hoarseness. A total of 231 aspirated tissue samples were tested, of which 216 were identified as parathyroid and 15 non-parathyroid based on intraoperative PTH detection in tissue eluate; while 217 were confirmed as parathyroid tissues and 14 non-parathyroid tissues with postoperative pathological examinations. The specificity and sensitivity of intraoperative IFNA and PTH detection in tissue eluate for identifying parathyroid tissues were 99.5% and 100.0%, respectively. Conclusion: The IFNA and PTH detection in tissue eluate is a rapid, simple, and accurate procedure, which helps the surgeon to identi fy parathyroid tissue and to ensure the endocrine activity of preserved or autografted parathyroid tissue during parathyroidectomy. PMID:34521169 | DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20201109-00858 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Extracellular matrix in glioblastoma: opportunities for emerging therapeutic approaches

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Extracellular matrix in glioblastoma: opportunities for emerging therapeutic approaches Via American Journal of Cancer Research Am J Cancer Res. 2021 Aug 15;11(8):3742-3754. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT Extracellular matrix is a complex network of macromolecules that constitute a microenvironment of normal tissues and malignancies such as the primary brain tumor glioblastoma (GBM). The unique composition of the GBM ECM, compared with the brain, contributes to angiogenesis, invasion, and therapeutic resistance of GBM. On the other hand, components of tumor ECM and related aberrant signaling pathways offer opportunities for various therapeutic strategies that are under active investigations. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of emerging therapeutic approaches for GBM that target or utilize its unique ECM via antibodies or ligands, RNA interference, pharmacological agents and modification of ECM molecules. Furthermore, drug-loaded nanoparticles displaying ECM-directed antibodies or peptides enable tumor selective delivery of the payload. As an in vitro research platform, 3D tumor cell culture incorporating ECM can advance our understanding of tumor-ECM interactions. PMID:34522446 | PMC:PMC8414390 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Emerging role of PD-L1 modification in cancer immunotherapy

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Emerging role of PD-L1 modification in cancer immunotherapy Via American Journal of Cancer Research Am J Cancer Res. 2021 Aug 15;11(8):3832-3840. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the expression levels of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) are regulated at the various levels, including transcription, post-transcriptional modification and post-translational modifications (PTMs). The PTMs of PD-1/PD-L1 contain phosphorylation, ubiquitination, methylation, glycosylation and palmitoylation. Recently, PD-L1 was reported to be acetylated at Lys263 site by p300 and was deacetylated by histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2). Acetylation of PD-L1 prevented its translocation to the nucleus and led to a reduction of the nuclear portion of PD-L1, resulting in evading immune surveillance of tumor cells. In this review article, we briefly describe the PTMs of PD-1/PD-L1 and mainly summarize the novel findings of PD-L1 acetylation in tumor cells. Moreover, we discuss the associations of PD-L1 acetylation and ubiquitination, phosphorylation and methylation. Furthermore, we highlight that targeting acetylation of PD-L1 by HDAC inhibitors might be useful for enhancing tumor immunotherapy. PMID:34522452 | PMC:PMC8414388 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

3'untranslated regions (3'UTR) of Gelsolin mRNA displays anticancer effects in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader 3'untranslated regions (3'UTR) of Gelsolin mRNA displays anticancer effects in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells Via American Journal of Cancer Research Am J Cancer Res. 2021 Aug 15;11(8):3857-3876. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT RNA-based therapeutics has attracted substantial interest from both academics and pharmaceutical companies. In this study, we investigated the function and the underlying mechanism of Gelsolin (GSN) 3'UTR in NSCLC H1299 and A549 cells. We found that transfected Flag-GSN plasmids significantly increased the proliferation, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells, whereas GSN 3'UTR could suppress the promotional effect of GSN protein on the development of NSCLC in vitro. Interestingly, we observed that these in vitro anticancer effects of GSN 3'UTR was independent of the co-expression with GSN coding sequence. Moreover, transfected GSN 3'UTR affected the actin-cytoskeleton remodeling and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) processes in H1299 and A549 cells, and targeted the co-expressed proteins to the plasma membran e. Subsequently, RNA pull-down assays have been performed to identify Tra2β protein as a GSN 3'UTR binder. We then showed that Tra2β was important for the localized protein expression mediated by GSN 3'UTR. Taken together, our results suggested that GSN 3'UTR may exert anticancer functions in NSCLC cells through regulating the subcellular localized expression of GSN protein mediated by the interaction between GSN 3'UTR-Tra2β. PMID:34522454 | PMC:PMC8414377 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

DNA damage in cancer development: special implications in viral oncogenesis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader DNA damage in cancer development: special implications in viral oncogenesis Via American Journal of Cancer Research Am J Cancer Res. 2021 Aug 15;11(8):3956-3979. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT DNA lesions arise from a combination of physiological/metabolic sources and exogenous environmental influences. When left unrepaired, these alterations accumulate in the cells and can give rise to mutations that change the function of important proteins (i.e. tumor suppressors, oncoproteins), or cause chromosomal rearrangements (i.e. gene fusions) that also result in the deregulation of key cellular molecules. Progressive acquisition of such genetic changes promotes uncontrolled cell proliferation and evasion of cell death, and hence plays a key role in carcinogenesis. Another less-studied consequence of DNA damage accumulating in the host genome is the integration of oncogenic DNA viruses such as Human papillomavirus, Merkel cell polyomavirus, and Hepatitis B virus. This critical step of viral-induced carcinogenesis is thought to be particularly facilitated by DN A breaks in both viral and host genomes. Therefore, the impact of DNA damage on carcinogenesis is magnified in the case of such oncoviruses via the additional effect of increasing integration frequency. In this review, we briefly present the various endogenous and exogenous factors that cause different types of DNA damage. Next, we discuss the contribution of these lesions in cancer development. Finally, we examine the amplified effect of DNA damage in viral-induced oncogenesis and summarize the limited data existing in the literature related to DNA damage-induced viral integration. To conclude, additional research is needed to assess the DNA damage pathways involved in the transition from viral infection to cancer. Discovering that a certain DNA damaging agent increases the likelihood of viral integration will enable the development of prophylactic and therapeutic strategies designed specifically to prevent such integration, with an ultimate goal of reducing or eliminating these vi ral-induced malignancies. PMID:34522461 | PMC:PMC8414375 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.