I. Belinchón Romero
Actas Dermosifiliogr.2018;109:765
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Πέμπτη 1 Νοεμβρίου 2018
What We Know About the Clinical Course of Nonsegmental Vitiligo: Experience of a Researcher and a Dermatologist
Algorithm for Treatment of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria with Omalizumab
J. Spertino, L. Curto Barredo, E. Rozas Muñoz, I. Figueras Nart, E. Serra Baldrich, M. Bonfill-Ortí, V. Expósito-Serrano, A. Guilabert, G. Melé Ninot, M. Villar Buil, J. Garcias Ladaria, X. García Navarro, M. Vilavella, I. Bielsa Marsol, G. Aparicio Ortiz, C. Baliu Piqué, A. Álvarez Abella, N. Lamas Domenech, J.M. Mascaró, S. Gómez, J.I. Torné Gutiérrez, A. Vicente Villa, A. Gimenez Arnau
Actas Dermosifiliogr.2018;109:771-6
Abstract - Full Text - PDF
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A Practical Approach to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Adult Erythroderma
Paradoxical Reactions to Biologic Therapy in Psoriasis: A Review of the Literature
Subungual Melanoma: A Descriptive Study of 34 Patients
Evaluation of Structure Indicators for Assessing Skin Cancer Quality of Care in Dermatology Departments
Experience With Vismodegib in the Treatment of Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma at a Cancer Center
Rapidly Growing Lesion on the Chest
A Flat Pink Plaque On The Right Anterior Forearm
Histologic Diagnosis of Melanocytic Lesions and Melanoma: Real Challenges
Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma: A Cutaneous Manifestation of Monoclonal Gammopathy
Huge Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising on Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Dermatitis of the Face and Neck: Response to Itraconazole
Facial Papules in Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: Good Response to Isotretinoin
Multiple Acral Syringomas
Ultrasound Assessment of a Subcutaneous Eumycetoma of the Eyebrow in an Immunocompromised Patient
Central serous chorioretinopathy in a patient of juxtapapillary excavation misdiagnosed as optic disc pit maculopathy
A 29-year-old healthy man had blurring of vision in the left eye for the past 2 months and was referred for the surgical management of optic disc pit maculopathy. Colour fundus examination and optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed a large deep retinochoroidal excavation close to the temporal edge of the optic disc with an isolated central neurosensory detachment at the macula with underlying multiple small pigment epithelium detachments in the absence of retinoschisis. Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) confirmed the presence of multi-focal leakage at the macula and pooling into subretinal space in the form of a 'smoke-stack'. A correct diagnosis of juxtapapillary excavation and central serous chorioretinopathy was made and lifestyle modifications were advised in view of the acute episode. The clinical signs, OCT and FFA feature helped in the differentiation and appropriate management of maculopathy in this case.
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Multifocal avascular osteonecrosis despite appropriate anticoagulation therapy in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome
Multifocal avascular osteonecrosis (AON) is a serious manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Prothrombotic factors, especially antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), have been associated with the development of AON; therefore, attenuating the procoagulant state while balancing the haemorrhagic risks might have a rationale when managing this condition. We report a case of a 37-year-old patient with SLE, treated with low doses of corticosteroids and immunosuppressive therapy, who was started on vitamin K antagonist following an episode of deep vein thrombosis while having persistent positivity for aPL. After 2 years, he presented with multifocal AON, involving both femurs and shoulders. The patient underwent a bilateral hip replacement, but despite appropriate anticoagulation therapy after 2 years, he developed another episode of AON at both distal epiphyses of the femurs and proximal epiphyses of the tibias. Multifocal AON should be suspected, especially in the presence of aPL positivity. Its aetiology is still unknown and is most likely multifactorial. Its management is challenging and requires combined approaches.
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Challenges facing a woman wishing to report intimate partner violence in Belize
We present a case of a 29-year-old woman who presented to a volunteer-run primary care facility in Southern Belize. Her initial presentation was vaginal itching and white discharge; she also requested insertion of a sub-dermal contraceptive implant. During the insertion, marks suspicious for deliberate self-harm were noticed on the patient's arm, and on further exploration she revealed she was being physically and emotionally abused by her husband. With some encouragement, she requested help in taking further action to preserve her safety; however, in Belize clinicians have no power to assist in cases involving adults. Therefore, the victim should self-present to a police station, resulting in a significant potential barrier to reporting intimate partner violence (IPV). Here we discuss this barrier further, as well as other barriers that exist to reporting IPV, and discuss possible policy changes that may improve the situation in Belize.
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Hypoglossal canal schwannoma causing isolated left 12th cranial nerve palsy
A 40-year-old woman presented with insidious onset, gradually progressive dysarthria and inability to manoeuvre bolus of food in her mouth while eating. The duration of her symptoms was 3 months. On evaluation, the left half of her tongue was wasted. The tongue deviated to the left on protrusion. There were no clinical features suggestive of involvement of the ipsilateral 9th, 10th or 11th cranial nerves. MRI of the brain showed a large, fusiform lesion in the left hypoglossal canal, extending into the jugular canal. The lesion was surgically excised and found to be a schwannoma.
https://ift.tt/2qnTaIf
Cryoablation: a potential treatment option for renal metastasis from lung cancer?
Cryoablation is successfully performed as a treatment for small renal cancers. The occurrence of a solitary renal metastasis from lung cancer is an uncommon finding entailing a limited knowledge on the choice of its optimal treatment. We present two patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer, who were initially treated with curatively intended chemoradiotherapy. In the follow-up period, a non-symptomatic solitary renal metastasis was found in both patients. Both received CT-guided cryoablation of their renal metastases. One patient was successfully treated with no relapse, whereas the other patient received re-cryoablation due to development of a new renal metastasis. In both patients, no residual tumour was found at the 3 months' follow-up examination. Whether the minimally invasive procedure of cryoablation is a feasible treatment in the management of solitary renal metastases from lung cancer is still undetermined. The recurrence and incomplete treatment are concerns requiring further research.
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Perioperative management of an anterior mediastinal teratoma in an infant: one more tool in the toolbox
Anterior mediastinal masses present a significant challenge in the perioperative period. Standard anaesthetic induction and airway management are often not feasible due to the risk of complete respiratory and/or cardiovascular collapse. Invasive manoeuvres, such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, cardiac bypass, or tracheal or bronchial stenting, are sometimes not applicable due to significant anatomic aberration. We present a case of anterior mediastinal mass in a 5-month-old infant where typical management techniques in the treatment algorithm were not possible.
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Endodontic management of maxillary central incisor with pulp canal obliteration
Description
Traumatised teeth usually develop pulp canal obliterations and are characterised by radiographic loss of pulp space and yellowish discoloration of clinical crown.1 2 The American Association of Endodontists included teeth with radiographic indiscernible root canals requiring treatment in high difficulty criteria.3 Proper debridement, disinfection and obturation of root canal is difficult in such cases thus compromising root canal treatment. This article presents case of pulp canal obliteration of maxillary central incisor that was managed with usage of cone beam CT (CBCT), microscopes, periodic radiographs and small sized hand files which helped in achieving patency to the pulp chamber and root canal.
A 35 year old male patient reported with pain in upper front region of jaw since 3 months. The patient gave history of trauma 3 years ago when he met with an accident, thereafter he noticed gradual change in the transparency of the crown but...
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An unusual presentation of gall bladder papillomatosis in association with metachromatic leukodystrophy
A 5-year-old boy with metachromatic leukodystrophy, debilitated by spastic quadriparesis presented to us with massive ascites and respiratory distress. A subtotal cholecystectomy was performed on him from another centre for a gall bladder mass a year before he came to us. Imaging revealed a polypoidal frond-like mass arising from the gall bladder fossa which was supplied by a hypertrophied branch of the right hepatic artery. A decision was made to offer surgical resection preceded by embolisation of the feeding vessel. At surgery, a polypoidal frond-like mass in communication with the peritoneal cavity was seen arising from the remnant gall bladder bed with over 4 L of mucoid ascites. The mass along with the remnant gall bladder was removed. Biopsy revealed villous papilloma of the gall bladder. The child is well and asymptomatic at 5-month follow-up.
https://ift.tt/2Qf9IO6
Solo versus joint bimanual coordination
Abstract
Understanding the differences between solo and joint action control is an important goal in psychology. The present study represented a novel approach in which participants performed a bimanual finger oscillation task, either alone or in pairs. It was hypothesized that performance of this task relies heavily on attention and utilizes two independent processes that differentially affect solo and joint performance. One process attempts to align the fingers correctly regardless of oscillation speed, and this is reflected in an alignment error evident even at slow oscillations. A second process attempts to minimize the time lag between the fingers as the oscillation speed increases, reflected in a temporal error indexed by the rate of error increase with increasing movement speed. In three experiments, alignment and temporal error in the finger oscillation task were compared in solo and joint actors. Overall, solo actors had much lower alignment error than joint actors. Solo actors also showed a reduction in temporal error when the fingers moved in a symmetrical rather than parallel fashion, consistent with previous research showing an increase in error with increasing movement speed. However, the effect of symmetry on temporal error did not occur with joint actors. Similar results were found with one hand inverted, suggesting that the pattern of results was not due to the use of homologous muscles. To test the role of visual feedback, we examined the effect of denying visual feedback to one of the actors in the joint condition. Paradoxically, under these conditions, there was lower temporal error in the symmetrical condition. These results are interpreted in terms of the organization of solo versus joint actions and the control of bimanual tasks in general.
https://ift.tt/2zmdVIx
Protocol for a feasibility and acceptability study using a brief ACT-based intervention for people from Southwest Wales who live with persistent pain
Introduction
Persistent pain affects a large percentage of the UK population and its burden has wide ramifications that affect physical, psychological, socioeconomic and occupational status. Pain has a significant impact on people's well-being and quality of life. Some of the most common comorbidities found in this population are depression and anxiety and also maladaptive behaviours such as fear avoidance and catastrophising.
Methods and analysisThis is a protocol for a study assessing the feasibility and acceptability of a novel Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)-based intervention for people from Southwest Wales who live with persistent pain. A group of 12 participants will be recruited through the Health and Wellbeing Academy (Swansea University). After being referred by an Osteopath, and attending a brief meeting with the researcher, the participants will take part in six sessions over six consecutive weeks. 'A Mindful Act' is an ACT-based group programme aiming to teach people how to develop more acceptance and self-compassion, be more mindful and clarify personal values in order to live a more rich and meaningful life. The main outcomes will include the feasibility of the recruitment process and the measurement tools, the acceptability of the intervention for both the participants and the Osteopaths and the adherence to the programme. In order to measure acceptability of the intervention, qualitative interviews will be conducted to provide an insight into peoples' experiences of taking part. Data will be analysed using Thematic Analysis, with the use of NVIVO 10. In addition, quantitative data will be collected at baseline, on completion of the programme and at 1 month and 3 months follow-up to reveal any differences in psychological flexibility, depression, anxiety, fear avoidance and general health status. The findings will help enhance the intervention by making appropriate modifications to the processes and procedures involved, following the recommendations made by the Medical Research Council framework. A larger scale study is envisaged to follow, in order to investigate the full effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of 'A Mindful Act'.
Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the College of Human and Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee at Swansea University in December 2017. The findings will be disseminated through various means including: the first author's PhD thesis, peer-reviewed journals as well as well as national and international conferences and public events.
https://ift.tt/2OlHCP9
General practitioners perspectives on the prevention of cardiovascular disease: systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies
Objective
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, and prevention of CVD is a public health priority. This paper aims to describe the perspectives of general practitioners (GPs) on the prevention of CVD across different contexts.
DesignSystematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies using the Enhancing Transparency of Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative research (ENTREQ) framework.
Data sourcesMEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL from database inception to April 2018.
Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe included qualitative studies on the perspectives of GPs on CVD prevention.
Data extraction and synthesisWe used HyperRESEARCH to code the primary papers and identified themes.
ResultsWe selected 34 studies involving 1223 participants across nine countries. We identified six themes: defining own primary role (duty to prescribe medication, refraining from risking patients' lives, mediating between patients and specialists, delegating responsibility to patients, providing holistic care); trusting external expertise (depending on credible evidence and opinion, entrusting care to other health professionals, integrating into patient context); motivating behavioural change for prevention (highlighting tangible improvements, negotiating patient acceptance, enabling autonomy and empowerment, harnessing the power of fear, disappointment with futility of advice); recognising and accepting patient capacities (ascertaining patient's drive for lifestyle change, conceding to ingrained habits, prioritising urgent comorbidities, tailoring to patient environment and literacy); avoiding overmedicalisation (averting long-term dependence on medications, preventing a false sense of security, minimising stress of sickness) and minimising economic burdens (avoiding unjustified costs to patients, delivering practice within budget, alleviating healthcare expenses).
ConclusionsGPs sought to empower patients to prevent CVD, but consideration of patients' individual factors was challenging. Community-based strategies for assessing CVD risk involving other health professionals, and decision aids that address the individuality of the patient's health and environment, may support GPs in their decisions regarding CVD prevention.
https://ift.tt/2yKeCfi
How do type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related complications and socioeconomic factors impact direct medical costs? A cross-sectional study in rural Southeast China
Objective
To evaluate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related direct medical costs by complication type and complication number, and to assess the impacts of complications as well as socioeconomic factors on direct medical costs.
DesignA cross-sectional study using data from the region's diabetes management system, social security system and death registry system, 2015.
SettingTongxiang, China.
ParticipantsIndividuals diagnosed with T2DM in the local diabetes management system, and who had 2015 insurance claims in the social security system. Patients younger than 35 years and patients whose insurance type changed in the year 2015 were excluded.
Main outcome measuresThe mean of direct medical costs by complication type and number, and the percentage increase of direct medical costs relative to a reference group, considering complications and socioeconomic factors.
ResultsA total of 19 015 eligible individuals were identified. The total cost of patients with one complication was US$1399 at mean, compared with US$248 for patients without complications. The mean total cost for patients with 2 and 3+ complications was US$1705 and US$2994, respectively. After adjustment for socioeconomic confounders, patients with one complication had, respectively, 83.55% and 38.46% greater total costs for inpatient and outpatient services than did patients without complications. The presence of multiple complications was associated with a significant 44.55% adjusted increase in total outpatient costs, when compared with one complication. Acute complications, diabetic foot, stroke, ischaemic heart disease and diabetic nephropathy were the highest cost complications. Gender, age, education level, insurance type, T2DM duration and mortality were significantly associated with increased expenditures of T2DM.
ConclusionsComplications significantly aggravated expenditures on T2DM. Specific kinds of complications and the presence of multiple complications are correlated with much higher expenditures. Proper management and the prevention of related complications are urgently needed to reduce the growing economic burden of diabetes.
https://ift.tt/2Ohdvsk
Indwelling urinary catheters, aortic valve treatment and delirium: a prospective cohort study
Objectives
To determine whether an association exists between delirium and length of time indwelling urine catheters (IUC) are used in octogenarian patients treated with surgical aortic valve treatment (SAVR) or transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
DesignProspective cohort study.
SettingTertiary university hospital covering the western region of Norway.
ParticipantsOctogenarian patients undergoing elective SAVR or TAVI and willing to participate in the study were eligible. Patients unable to speak Norwegian were excluded. Between 2011 and 2013, 143 consecutive patients were included, and data from 136 of them are presented.
Primary outcomeDelirium.
ResultsLogistic regression analysis shows that lower cognitive function was positively associated with delirium (OR 0.86, CI 0.74 to 0.99, p=0.047). Besides, the interaction term in the model shows that IUC use and delirium differed between SAVR and TAVI patients (p=0.04). The difference corresponded to a weaker association between hours of IUC use and delirium for SAVR (OR 1.01, CI: 0.99 to 1.03, p=0.54) compared with that for TAVI (OR 1.04, CI: 1.01 to 1.08, p=0.004).
ConclusionsThe association between IUC use and delirium is stronger for octogenarian patients treated with TAVI than for patients who received SAVR. Our results revealed a previously unknown association between the number of hours an IUC is used and postoperative delirium in octogenarian patients treated with TAVI.
https://ift.tt/2yKPSU8
Lumbopelvic pain, anxiety, physical activity and mode of conception: a prospective cohort study of pregnant women
Objectives
Pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain (LPP) is a frequent condition known to significantly affect women in their daily life. The aetiology of pregnancy-related LPP pain is still not clearly established but the mode of conception has been suggested to contribute to LPP. Anxiety related to fertility treatments may be one of the contributing factors. The primary objectives of this study were to determine the evolution of LPP prevalence and severity, and anxiety throughout pregnancy in women who conceived spontaneously (SP) or after fertility treatments (FT). A further aim was to examine the relationship between pregnancy-related LPP severity and anxiety. The secondary objective was to determine the evolution of physical activity and their correlation with the severity of pregnancy-related LPP.
DesignProspective cohort study.
SettingPregnant women were recruited through physicians' referrals, posters and newspaper advertisements in the local and surrounding communities (hospital, maternity care clinic, prenatal centres, sports centres, local university) in the city of Trois-Rivières, Canada.
Participants59 pregnant women (33 SP and 26 FT) were assessed during the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy.
Primary and secondary outcome measuresPregnancy-related LPP prevalence and severity (primary), trait and state anxiety, and physical activity levels (secondary).
ResultsThere was no relationship between the mode of conception and the outcome measures. The prevalence and severity of LPP increased over the course of pregnancy (time effect, p<0.0001) whereas trait anxiety decreased from early to mid-pregnancy (time effect, p=0.03). Activity limitations increased throughout pregnancy (time effect, p<0.0001) and physical activity levels decreased (time effect, p<0.0001). The severity of LPP was positively correlated with activity limitations (r=0.51 to 0.55) but negatively with physical activity levels (r=–0.39 to –0.41).
ConclusionsMaternal health-related factors, such as LPP, anxiety and physical activity, are not different in women who conceived spontaneously or after fertility treatments. The more LPP was severe, the more the women were physically limited and inactive.
https://ift.tt/2OllMvg
Trial of intraoperative cell salvage versus transfusion in ovarian cancer (TIC TOC): protocol for a randomised controlled feasibility study
Introduction
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynaecological cancer, with more than 7000 new cases registered in the UK in 2014. In patients suitable for surgery, the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence guidance for treatment recommends surgical resection of all macroscopic tumour, followed by chemotherapy. The surgical procedure can be extensive and associated with substantial blood loss which is conventionally replaced with a donor blood transfusion. While often necessary and lifesaving, the use of donor blood is associated with increased risks of complications and adverse surgical outcomes. Intraoperative cell salvage (ICS) is a blood conservation strategy in which red cells collected from blood lost during surgery are returned to the patient thus minimising the use of donor blood. This is the protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial with an embedded qualitative study and feasibility economic evaluation. If feasible, a later definitive trial will test the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ICS reinfusion versus donor blood transfusion in ovarian cancer surgery.
Methods and analysisSixty adult women scheduled for primary or interval ovarian cancer surgery at participating UK National Health Service Trusts will be recruited and individually randomised in a 1:1 ratio to receive ICS reinfusion or donor blood (as required) during surgery. Participants will be followed up by telephone at 30 days postoperatively for adverse events monitoring and by postal questionnaire at 6 weeks and 3 monthly thereafter, to capture quality of life and resource use data. Qualitative interviews will capture participants' and clinicians' experiences of the study.
Ethics and disseminationThis study has been granted ethical approval by the South West–Exeter Research Ethics Committee (ref: 16/SW/0256). Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications and will inform the design of a larger trial.
Trial registration numberhttps://ift.tt/2yMbZtj
A Gene Expression Screen in Drosophila melanogaster Identifies Novel JAK/STAT and EGFR Targets During Oogenesis
The Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK/STAT) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathways are conserved regulators of tissue patterning, morphogenesis, and other cell biological processes. During Drosophila oogenesis, these pathways determine the fates of epithelial follicle cells (FCs). JAK/STAT and EGFR together specify a population of cells called the posterior follicle cells (PFCs), which signal to the oocyte to establish the embryonic axes. In this study, whole genome expression analysis was performed to identify genes activated by JAK/STAT and/or EGFR. We observed that 317 genes were transcriptionally upregulated in egg chambers with ectopic JAK/STAT and EGFR activity in the FCs. The list was enriched for genes encoding extracellular matrix (ECM) components and ECM-associated proteins. We tested 69 candidates for a role in axis establishment using RNAi knockdown in the FCs. We report that the signaling protein Semaphorin 1b becomes enriched in the PFCs in response to JAK/STAT and EGFR. We also identified ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif A (AdamTS-A) as a novel target of JAK/STAT in the FCs that regulates egg chamber shape. AdamTS-A mRNA becomes enriched at the anterior and posterior poles of the egg chamber at stages 6 to 7 and is regulated by JAK/STAT. Altering AdamTS-A expression in the poles or middle of the egg chamber produces rounder egg chambers. We propose that AdamTS-A regulates egg shape by remodeling the basement membrane.
https://ift.tt/2qmxjAO
Characteristics and management of bone and joint tuberculosis in native and migrant population in Shanghai during 2011 to 2015
China had the third highest burden of tuberculosis population in the world. Bone and joint tuberculosis was a major part and its characteristics were rarely discussed before. This study was designed to review ...
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Age (autoimmunity) associated B cells (ABCs) and their relatives
Swati Phalke | Philippa Marrack
https://ift.tt/2qmkHcW
S6K2 promises an important therapeutic potential for cancer
Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
https://ift.tt/2QeTKDu
Acalabrutinib and its use in treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
https://ift.tt/2qobgtD
pRAD50: a novel and clinically applicable pharmacodynamic biomarker of both ATM and ATR inhibition identified using mass spectrometry and immunohistochemistry
pRAD50: a novel and clinically applicable pharmacodynamic biomarker of both ATM and ATR inhibition identified using mass spectrometry and immunohistochemistry
pRAD50: a novel and clinically applicable pharmacodynamic biomarker of both ATM and ATR inhibition identified using mass spectrometry and immunohistochemistry, Published online: 02 November 2018; doi:10.1038/s41416-018-0286-4
pRAD50: a novel and clinically applicable pharmacodynamic biomarker of both ATM and ATR inhibition identified using mass spectrometry and immunohistochemistry
https://ift.tt/2Qdjv7f
Stress and interferon signalling-mediated apoptosis contributes to pleiotropic anticancer responses induced by targeting NGLY1
Stress and interferon signalling-mediated apoptosis contributes to pleiotropic anticancer responses induced by targeting NGLY1
Stress and interferon signalling-mediated apoptosis contributes to pleiotropic anticancer responses induced by targeting NGLY1, Published online: 02 November 2018; doi:10.1038/s41416-018-0265-9
Stress and interferon signalling-mediated apoptosis contributes to pleiotropic anticancer responses induced by targeting NGLY1
https://ift.tt/2P4gppH
Tumour budding is associated with the mesenchymal colon cancer subtype and RAS/RAF mutations: a study of 1320 colorectal cancers with Consensus Molecular Subgroup (CMS) data
Tumour budding is associated with the mesenchymal colon cancer subtype and RAS/RAF mutations: a study of 1320 colorectal cancers with Consensus Molecular Subgroup (CMS) data
Tumour budding is associated with the mesenchymal colon cancer subtype and <i>RAS/RAF</i> mutations: a study of 1320 colorectal cancers with Consensus Molecular Subgroup (CMS) data, Published online: 02 November 2018; doi:10.1038/s41416-018-0230-7
Tumour budding is associated with the mesenchymal colon cancer subtype and RAS/RAF mutations: a study of 1320 colorectal cancers with Consensus Molecular Subgroup (CMS) data
https://ift.tt/2CVjNf3
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Direct-Acting Oral Anticoagulants for Stroke Prevention in Thai Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation and a High Risk of Bleeding
Abstract
Objective
The objective of this study was to assess the cost effectiveness of direct-acting oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in Thai patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and a HAS-BLED score of 3.
Methods
Total costs (US$) in 2017 and quality-adjusted life-years were estimated over 20 years using a Markov model. A base-case analysis was conducted under a societal perspective, which included direct healthcare, non-healthcare and indirect costs in Thailand. Clinical events for warfarin and utilities were obtained from Thai patients whenever possible. The efficacy of direct-acting oral anticoagulants was derived from trial-based East Asian subgroups and adjusted for time in the target international normalized ratio range of warfarin.
Results
In the base case, use of apixaban instead of warfarin incurred an additional cost of US$20,763 per quality-adjusted life-year gained. Substituting apixaban with rivaroxaban and rivaroxaban with high-dose edoxaban would incur an additional cost per quality-adjusted life-year by US$507 and US$434, respectively. Compared with warfarin, high-dose edoxaban had the lowest incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of US$9704/quality-adjusted life-year, followed by high-dose dabigatran (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio US$11,155/quality-adjusted life-year). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios based on a payer perspective were similar. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was below Thailand's cost-effectiveness threshold when high-dose dabigatran and edoxaban prices were reduced by 50%. Changes in key parameters had a minimal impact on incremental cost-effectiveness ratios.
Conclusions
For both societal and payer perspectives, high-dose edoxaban with a price below the country cost-effectiveness threshold should be the first anticoagulant option for Thai patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and a high risk of bleeding.
https://ift.tt/2qmuY98
Induction of Labor for Maternal Indications at a Periviable Gestational Age; Survey on Management, Reporting and Auditing amongst Dutch Maternal-Fetal Medicine Specialists and Neonatologists
AJP Rep 2018; 08: e295-e300
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1675340
Background In cases of life-threatening maternal conditions in the periviable period, professionals may consider immediate delivery with fetal demise as a consequence of the treatment. We sought the opinion of involved medical professionals on management, reporting, and auditing in these cases. Methods We performed an online survey amongst all registered maternal-fetal medicine (MFM) specialists and neonatologists in the Netherlands. The survey presented two hypothetical cases of severe early-onset pre-eclampsia at periviable gestational ages. Management consisted of immediate termination or expectant management directed towards newborn survival. Findings In the case managed by immediate termination, 62% percent answered that fetal demise resulting from induction of labor for maternal indications should be audited only within the medical profession. In the case of expectant management, 17% of the participants agreed with this management. Some answers revealed a significant difference in opinion between the medical specialists. Conclusion Perspective of MFM specialists and neonatologists differs with regard to counseling prospect parents in case of severe early onset pre-eclampsia. The majority of professionals is willing to report late termination (after 24 weeks' gestation) for severe maternal disease to medical experts for internal audits but not for legal auditing.
[...]
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.
Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents | Abstract | open access Full text
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Pleural effusion during weaning from mechanical ventilation: a prospective observational multicenter study
Pleural effusion is common during invasive mechanical ventilation, but its role during weaning is unclear. We aimed at assessing the prevalence and risk factors for pleural effusion at initiation of weaning. W...
https://ift.tt/2OZZsfQ
How to do minimal scar mastectomy: first‐reported novel concept of nipple sparing mastectomy without reconstruction
ANZ Journal of Surgery, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2EZ2z3g
Does meeting the Milan criteria at the time of recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection have an impact on prognosis?
ANZ Journal of Surgery, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2AFURXm
American Society of Nephrology, Oct. 23-28
The Annual Meeting of the American Society of Nephrology, Kidney Week 2018 Kidney Week, the annual meeting of the American Society of Nephrology, was held from Oct. 23 to 28 in San Diego and attracted approximately 13,000 participants from around...
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First FDA-Approved Cannabis Drug Now Available in U.S.
THURSDAY, Nov. 1, 2018 -- The first cannabis-based medication approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration is now available by prescription nationwide. Epidiolex is a twice-daily oral solution approved for use in patients age 2 years and older...
https://ift.tt/2F9KqzV.
Second Hypertension Drug Recalled Due to Contamination
THURSDAY, Nov. 1, 2018 -- Another hypertension drug is being recalled due to contamination that could pose a cancer risk, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration says. Certain lots of irbesartan are being recalled by SciGen because they contain an...
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10th Child Dies in Adenovirus Outbreak at N.J. Facility
THURSDAY, Nov. 1, 2018 -- A 10th child has died in an adenovirus outbreak at the Wanaque Center for Nursing and Rehabilitation in Haskell, N.J., according to the state health department. The health department said that at least 27 children at the...
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Plant-Based Diets Beneficial for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
THURSDAY, Nov. 1, 2018 -- For adults with type 2 diabetes, plant-based diets can improve psychological health, quality of life, hemoglobin A1c levels, and weight, according to a review published online Oct. 30 in BMJ Open Diabetes Research &...
https://ift.tt/2AGwmJK
Validity, Reliability and Diagnostic accuracy of the Respiratory Distress Observation Scale for assessment of dyspnea in adult palliative care patients
The prevalence and severity of dyspnea increases at the end of life. Many of these patients have difficulty in reporting their symptoms. Accurate surrogate measures are needed for appropriate assessment and treatment. The Respiratory Distress Observation Scale (RDOS) is proposed as a possible scale although more external validation is needed. We set out to validate the RDOS in the context of palliative care patients near the end of life.
https://ift.tt/2CWkLI3
EMS World Expo Quick Take: How pharmacists improve EMS patient care
A pharmacist can help EMS improve patient outcomes, participate in protocol development, and collaborate on EMS research projects
https://ift.tt/2CT9WGJ
The Effectiveness and Prognostic Factors of CT-guided Radioactive Iodine-125 Seed Implantation for the Treatment of Recurrent Head and Neck Cancer after External Beam Radiotherapy
In this study, we investigated the efficacy and safety of I-125 seed implantation for the treatment of recurrent head and neck cancer after EBRT. The results indicated I-125 seed implantation is an acceptable salvage therapy, with 1-year local control rate of 40.6% and 5-year local control rate of 26.6%. G3 and G4 toxicity was 7.9% and 2%, respectively. The independent factors for local control rate included pathological type, lesion volume, D90, and short-term efficacy.
https://ift.tt/2qoHfKb
IGF1 Brings Growing Pains for T-ALL LSCs
Hematopoietic progenitors undergo marked shifts during transition from fetal to postnatal life, and the implication of these changes for the cell-of-origin of childhood leukemia are unclear. In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Giambra et al. (2018) show that epigenetically regulated IGF1 signaling regulates the ability of fetal-liver- or bone-marrow-derived cells to initiate T-ALL.
https://ift.tt/2CVXBkY
Voices: Crossing the Valley of Death
Overcoming the widening "Valley of Death" between stem cell laboratory discoveries and clinical translation is imperative to develop the next generation of effective therapies. We asked 9 clinical experts to share their perspectives on how to bridge this gap and increase the clinical impact of basic research.
https://ift.tt/2P0Zx2Z
Orienting Muscle Stem Cells for Regeneration in Homeostasis, Aging, and Disease
In this Review, Feige et al. discuss the relationship of muscle stem/satellite cell heterogeneity and the establishment of polarity to asymmetric division, as well as how these processes are impacted in homeostasis, aging, and disease. They also highlight therapeutic opportunities for targeting satellite cell polarity and self-renewal to stimulate muscle regeneration.
https://ift.tt/2P2Tf30
Mentoring the Next Generation: Elaine Fuchs
Mentor-mentee relationships are essential for professional development, but developing these interpersonal skills is not often highlighted as a priority in scientific endeavors. In a yearlong series, Cell Stem Cell interviews prominent scientists who have prioritized mentorship over the years. Here, we chat with Dr. Elaine Fuchs about her views.
https://ift.tt/2CXlRTJ
PPM1D Mutations Drive Clonal Hematopoiesis in Response to Cytotoxic Chemotherapy
Cytotoxic chemotherapies put patients at risk for future hematopoietic malignancies. Goodell and colleagues show that PPM1D mutations confer a survival advantage onto hematopoietic clones by rendering them resistant to DNA-damaging agents such as cisplatin. Selective pressures will be specific to different mutations and should be considered in choice of chemotherapy.
https://ift.tt/2P3tkbi
The Harmful Consequences of Increased Fitness in Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) describes clonal selection of a hematopoietic stem cell with a somatic mutation that confers increased fitness, influenced by a selective environment such as aging, inflammation, or therapeutic exposure. In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Hsu et al. (2018) explore the role of cytotoxic therapy in disease-relevant CHIP.
https://ift.tt/2CTdGYN
More than One Way to Skin a Wound
Large cutaneous and non-healing ulcers exhibit impaired epithelialization, which represents a major therapeutic challenge. Recently in Nature, Kurita et al. (2018) reported a surprising potential source of epithelial cells. The authors demonstrate that wound-resident mesenchymal cells can be reprogrammed to generate expandable epithelial tissues and facilitate wound closure.
https://ift.tt/2P0WF6h
20 Years of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Research: It All Started with Five Lines
November 2018 marks the 20th anniversary of the seminal human embryonic stem cell (hESC) publication, which reported the initial hESC derivations and launched the field of human pluripotent stem cell research. To commemorate this significant milestone, we reflect on the scientific, economic, and clinically relevant impact of this groundbreaking achievement.
https://ift.tt/2CXh5G7
Stem-Cell-Derived Astrocytes Divulge Secrets of Mutant GFAP
Gain-of-function mutations in the canonical astrocyte protein, GFAP, cause a fatal neurodevelopmental disorder with myelination abnormalities, seizures, and psychomotor disturbances. Recently, Li et al. (2018) (in Cell Stem Cell) and Jones et al. (2018) (in Cell Reports) have shown that patient iPSC-derived astrocytes with mutant GFAP have disrupted astrocyte functions, revealing disease mechanisms and potential roles of GFAP.
https://ift.tt/2P17PI6
Epidermal Darwinism and Competitive Equilibrium within the Epidermis
In normal homeostasis, cancer defense, or stem cell therapy, epidermal progenitors undergo constant competition to reach an equilibrium state. In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Mesa et al. (2018) and Murai et al. (2018) show that skin epidermal progenitors maintain tissue homeostasis through competitive equilibrium under physiological self-renewal or oncogenic conditions.
https://ift.tt/2CRMBoV
Diaper Rash in an Infant with Seizures
We evaluated a 50-day-old female infant with recurrent seizures for the past 1 week. The baby had been born to nonconsanguineous parents at term by an uncomplicated vaginal delivery. Family history was not contributory. On examination, her head circumference was 37 cm, −2.38 Z score for age and sex and central hypotonia. Sharply delineated erythematosus rashes were noted around the perineal region (Figure, A) . The rash had been presumed to be a diaper rash and she had been prescribed coconut oil application.
https://ift.tt/2yOpAAa
Technique Failure in a Multicenter Canadian Home Hemodialysis Cohort
Increasing uptake of home hemodialysis (HD) has led to interest in characteristics that predict discontinuation of home HD therapy for reasons other than death or transplantation. Recent reports of practice pattern variability led to the hypothesis that there are patient- and center-specific factors that influence these discontinuations.
https://ift.tt/2qoGiBB
Absorbent materials to collect urine can affect proteomics and metabolomic biomarker concentrations
Authors: Boohaker, Louis / Halloran, Brian / Wilson, Landon / Berryhill, Taylor / Barnes, Stephen / Griffin, Russell / Askenazi, David
https://ift.tt/2qlJVrT
The view of a general practitioner on immediate access for patients to their laboratory test results
Authors: Shah, Syed Ghulam Sarwar / Hannan, Amir / Elliott, Bruce / Brindle, Ingrid / / Fitton, Richard
https://ift.tt/2CRVkHL
A challenging case: highly variable TSH in a mother and her two children
Authors: Donadio-Andrei, Sandrine / Hubert, Nathalie / Raverot, Véronique / Plantin-Carrenard, Emmanuelle / Kuczewski, Elisabetta / Charrié, Anne / Ronin, Catherine / Gauchez, Anne-Sophie / Chikh, Karim
https://ift.tt/2COWP9A
Evaluation of reference intervals of haematological and biochemical markers in an Austrian adolescent study cohort
Authors: Bogner, Barbara / Schwenoha, Karin / Vogl, Michael / Weghuber, Daniel / Roth, Caroline / Kipman, Ulrike / Cadamuro, Janne / Oostingh, Gertie J.
https://ift.tt/2qlJVIp
Adding clinical utility to the laboratory reports: automation of interpretative comments
Authors: Oosterhuis, Wytze
https://ift.tt/2yBsisE
What is happening to laboratory medicine in Denmark?
Authors: Jørgensen, Per E.
https://ift.tt/2RJTrSv
Moving average quality control: principles, practical application and future perspectives
Authors: van Rossum, Huub H.
https://ift.tt/2RJMKzs
Cardiac troponin and natriuretic peptide analytical interferences from hemolysis and biotin: educational aids from the IFCC Committee on Cardiac Biomarkers (IFCC C-CB)
Authors: Saenger, Amy K. / Jaffe, Allan S. / Body, Richard / Collinson, Paul O. / Kavsak, Peter A. / Lam, Carolyn S.P. / Lefèvre, Guillaume / Omland, Tobjørn / Ordóñez-Llanos, Jordi / Pulkki, Kari / Apple, Fred S.
https://ift.tt/2E4l5a1
Antibiotic Prescriptions Associated With Dental-Related Emergency Department Visits
The frequency of antibiotic prescribing and types of antibiotics prescribed for dental conditions presenting to the emergency department (ED) is not well known. The objective of this study is to quantify how often and which dental diagnoses made in the ED resulted in an antibiotic prescription.
https://ift.tt/2SCwQYn
Do Colloids Improve Mortality Compared With Crystalloids for Resuscitation of Critical Patients?
The authors screened 7,920 titles and abstracts and reviewed 251 full-text articles. They included 69 studies according to eligibility criteria, with a total of 30,020 subjects. Twenty-eight studies evaluated starch solutions, 20 dextrans, 22 albumin or fresh frozen plasma, and 7 gelatins.
https://ift.tt/2zj6UYV
Oral Ondansetron Administration to Nondehydrated Children With Diarrhea and Associated Vomiting in Emergency Departments in Pakistan: A Randomized Controlled Trial
We determine whether single-dose oral ondansetron administration to children with vomiting as a result of acute gastroenteritis without dehydration reduces administration of intravenous fluid rehydration.
https://ift.tt/2SDf8Uv
Is Normal Saline Solution an Acceptable Choice of Fluid for Stable Patients?
SEE RELATED ARTICLE, P. ■■■.
https://ift.tt/2zkDF8c
Use of a Rapid Diagnostic for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae for Women in the Emergency Department Can Improve Clinical Management: Report of a Randomized Clinical Trial
In emergency departments (EDs), diagnosis and treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are challenging. We conducted a randomized clinical trial to assess rapid C trachomatis and N gonorrhoeae testing on overtreatment and undertreatment of women evaluated for C trachomatis and N gonorrhoeae.
https://ift.tt/2SDXbFu
Online Ratings of the Patient Experience: Emergency Departments Versus Urgent Care Centers
Individuals increasingly use online rating platforms to rate and review hospitals. We seek to describe and compare publicly available online review content and ratings of emergency departments (EDs) and urgent care centers.
https://ift.tt/2zj6UrT
Formylglycine-generating enzymes for site-specific bioconjugation
Authors: Krüger, Tobias / Dierks, Thomas / Sewald, Norbert
https://ift.tt/2yxvxS0
MiR-128/SOX7 alleviates myocardial ischemia injury by regulating IL-33/sST2 in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Yang, Jinhua / Hu, Fudong / Fu, Xin / Jiang, Zhengming / Zhang, Wencai / Chen, Kui
https://ift.tt/2O9Arte
Evidence for a protective role of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis in a model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Liu, Chang / Hong, Kun / Chen, Huifang / Niu, Yanping / Duan, Weisong / Liu, Yakun / Ji, Yingxiao / Deng, Binbin / Li, Yuanyuan / Li, Zhongyao / Wen, Di / Li, Chunyan
https://ift.tt/2EYzm8C
miR-34a-5p aggravates hypoxia-induced apoptosis by targeting ZEB1 in cardiomyocytes
Authors: Shi, Kaiyao / Sun, Huan / Zhang, Hongli / Xie, Di / Yu, Bo
https://ift.tt/2A7Ijb4
SIAH1/ZEB1/IL-6 axis is involved in doxorubicin (Dox) resistance of osteosarcoma cells
Authors: Han, Xiuxin / Liu, Fengting / Zhang, Chao / Ren, Zhiwu / Li, Lili / Wang, Guowen
https://ift.tt/2CcuObo
Molecular mechanisms of non-thermal plasma-induced effects in cancer cells
Authors: Tanaka, Hiromasa / Mizuno, Masaaki / Ishikawa, Kenji / Toyokuni, Shinya / Kajiyama, Hiroaki / Kikkawa, Fumitaka / Hori, Masaru
https://ift.tt/2OFbQ3V
PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy is activated in cisplatin nephrotoxicity to protect against kidney injury
PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy is activated in cisplatin nephrotoxicity to protect against kidney injury
PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy is activated in cisplatin nephrotoxicity to protect against kidney injury, Published online: 01 November 2018; doi:10.1038/s41419-018-1152-2
PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy is activated in cisplatin nephrotoxicity to protect against kidney injuryhttps://ift.tt/2ETAIBd
Sensitization of glioblastoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by IAP- and Bcl-2 antagonism
Sensitization of glioblastoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by IAP- and Bcl-2 antagonism
Sensitization of glioblastoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by IAP- and Bcl-2 antagonism, Published online: 01 November 2018; doi:10.1038/s41419-018-1160-2
Sensitization of glioblastoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by IAP- and Bcl-2 antagonismhttps://ift.tt/2RnZ3AK
The SGK3-triggered ubiquitin–proteasome degradation of podocalyxin (PC) and ezrin in podocytes was associated with the stability of the PC/ezrin complex
The SGK3-triggered ubiquitin–proteasome degradation of podocalyxin (PC) and ezrin in podocytes was associated with the stability of the PC/ezrin complex
The SGK3-triggered ubiquitin–proteasome degradation of podocalyxin (PC) and ezrin in podocytes was associated with the stability of the PC/ezrin complex, Published online: 01 November 2018; doi:10.1038/s41419-018-1161-1
The SGK3-triggered ubiquitin–proteasome degradation of podocalyxin (PC) and ezrin in podocytes was associated with the stability of the PC/ezrin complexhttps://ift.tt/2EWaPkr
Human Plasma Levels of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, their Soluble Receptor - VEGFR-2 and Applicability of these Parameters as Tumor Markers in the Diagnostics of Breast Cancer
Abstract
VEGF family members are important factors in promoting angio- and lymphangiogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate concentrations, diagnostic utility and power of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D and VEGFR-2 in comparison to CA15–3 in breast cancer (BC) patients. The study included 120 BC patients and 60 control patients (28 with benign breast tumors and 32 healthy women). Plasma levels of tested parameters were determined by ELISA, CA15–3 by CMIA. Concentrations of all parameters showed statistical significance when compared BC patients to controls. VEGF-D showed the highest SE (82.50%) in total BC group. Highest SP and PPV in total BC group showed VEGF-A(76.67%;84.78%,respectively), but lower than CA15–3. Highest NPV showed VEGF-C(52.33%), but it was lower than CA15–3. VEGF-C was also the best parameter which had statistically significant AUC in total cancer group (0.7672), but also stages I(0.7684) and II(0.7772). In the total group of BC almost all tested parameters showed statistically significant AUC, but a maximum range was obtained for the combination of VEGF-C + CA15–3(0.8476). The combined analysis of tested parameters and CA15–3 resulted in increase in SE and AUC values, which provides hope for developing a new panel of biomarkers that may be used in the diagnosis of BC in the future.
https://ift.tt/2EWaUVh
CD44 Variant 6 Expression and Tumor Budding in the Medullary Invasion Front of Mandibular Gingival Squamous Cell Carcinoma Are Predictive Factors for Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with invasion into the mandibular medullary space has been reported to be a predictive factor for cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM). As CLNM has been associated with the stemness of cancer cells, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between clinical characteristics and immunohistochemical findings on the invasion front of the medullary invasive OSCC and CLNM. The medical records of 25 patients with the mandibular medullary invasive OSCC who were performed mandibulectomy and neck dissection in our department from 2010 to 2016 were examined. Serial sections were stained with antibodies against CD44 variant 6 (CD44v6) to examine cancer stemness and to evaluate the number of tumor buds in the medullary invasion front of the mandibular invasive OSCC. Categorical data were analyzed by Fisher's exact test. The expression of CD44v6 and the number of tumor buds between the groups with and without pathological CLNM (CLNM+ and CLNM-, respectively) were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Of the 25 patients, 11 patients were CLNM+. Of the several measured variables, histologic differentiation of the mandibular invasive OSCC was a significant factor for CLNM+. CD44v6 expression and tumor bud formation in the medullary invasion front of the mandibular invasive OSCC were significantly higher in the CLNM+ group, suggests that both CD44v6 and tumor budding in the medullary invasion front are predictive factors for CLNM.
https://ift.tt/2AG13P9
Affinity Purification of Chloroplast Translocon Protein Complexes Using the TAP Tag
We here present a proven and tested protocol for the purification of chloroplast protein import complexes (TOC-TIC complex) using the TAP-tag. The one-step affinity-isolation protocol can potentially be applied to any protein and be used to identify new interaction partners by mass spectrometry.
https://ift.tt/2zj58qz
Measuring Dengue Virus RNA in the Culture Supernatant of Infected Cells by Real-time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction
https://ift.tt/2SAZYix
Laser-assisted Lentiviral Gene Delivery to Mouse Fertilized Eggs
Mouse fertilized eggs and early stage embryos are protected by the zona pellucida, a glycoprotein matrix that forms a barrier against gene delivery. This article describes a protocol for perforating the zona with a laser to transduce embryonic cells with lentiviral vectors and to create transgenic mice.
https://ift.tt/2zgCh6c
Pulsara launches 12-lead EKG integration as part of expansive Integration strategy
BOZEMAN, Montana — In keeping with the Pulsara integration program, Pulsara is happy to announce the capability to share a diagnostic quality 12-lead ECG directly from ZOLL X Series monitors. Communicating directly with the monitor reduces time, allowing EMS providers to provide needed hospital communication without added steps. This integration refines coordinated treatment between EMS and...
https://ift.tt/2Jv5r6l
Estimating child mortality associated with maternal mortality from breast and cervical cancer
Cancer, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2OjsmlP
Dissipative Microgravimetry to Study the Binding Dynamics of the Phospholipid Binding Protein Annexin A2 to Solid-supported Lipid Bilayers Using a Quartz Resonator
https://ift.tt/2Ogcr84
Three-Dimensional Printing of a Complex Aortic Anomaly
Here, we present a protocol to use three dimensional printed models for pre-operative planning and intra-operative reorganization of complicated vascular locations when handling a congenital aortic anomaly.
https://ift.tt/2yJ7n7m
Home BP of 130/80 mm Hg ID'd as Threshold for Stage 1 HTN
THURSDAY, Nov. 1, 2018 -- A home blood pressure (BP) reading of 130/80 mm Hg should be considered the threshold for stage 1 hypertension, according to a study published online Oct. 29 in Hypertension. Wanpen Vongpatanasin, M.D., from the University...
https://ift.tt/2Qc4NgR
Financial Conflicts of Interest Prevalent Among CPG Authors
THURSDAY, Nov. 1, 2018 -- There is a high prevalence of financial conflicts of interest among authors of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) related to high-revenue medications and in gastroenterology, according to two research letters published...
https://ift.tt/2qp01kK
Updated Guidelines Released for Emergency Care of Children
THURSDAY, Nov. 1, 2018 -- The American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Emergency Physicians, and Emergency Nurses Association have released updated guidelines for emergency care of injured and critically ill children. The guidelines were...
https://ift.tt/2QjBEjy
Infant Ab Levels Highest With Tdap Vax in Early 3rd Trimester
THURSDAY, Nov. 1, 2018 -- Tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccines given to pregnant women early in the third trimester may offer the most protection against infant pertussis, according to a study published in the Oct. 9 issue of...
https://ift.tt/2qpduJq
ASN: Aggressive Control of BP, Lipids in T2DM May Up Kidney Risk
THURSDAY, Nov. 1, 2018 -- Intensive blood pressure (BP) control and fenofibrate use in patients with type 2 diabetes who are at high risk for cardiovascular disease may increase the risk for adverse kidney events, according to a study published in...
https://ift.tt/2QayrD5
2011 to 2015 Saw Decline in Health Care-Associated Infections
THURSDAY, Nov. 1, 2018 -- From 2011 to 2015, there was a reduction in the prevalence of health care-associated infections, according to a study published in the Nov. 1 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine. Shelley S. Magill, M.D., Ph.D.,...
https://ift.tt/2qoLd5w
ASN: High-Dose, Proactive IV Iron Noninferior in Hemodialysis
THURSDAY, Nov. 1, 2018 -- For patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis, a high-dose intravenous iron regimen administered proactively is noninferior to a low-dose intravenous iron regimen administered reactively, according to a study published...
https://ift.tt/2Qbu7DC
Fewer Parents Have Sexuality, Gender Concerns About HPV Shot
THURSDAY, Nov. 1, 2018 -- Parents' concerns about sexuality and gender as reasons for lack of HPV vaccine initiation in their children decreased substantially from 2010 to 2016, according to a study published in the November issue of the Journal of...
https://ift.tt/2qnFpth
Minimally Invasive Sx May Up Mortality in Early Cervical Cancer
THURSDAY, Nov. 1, 2018 -- For patients with early-stage cervical cancer, minimally invasive surgery is associated with increased mortality and worse survival than open surgery, according to two studies published online Oct. 31 in the New England...
https://ift.tt/2Qayqz1
AAD Releases New Guidelines for the Tx of Cutaneous Melanoma
THURSDAY, Nov. 1, 2018 -- New guidelines have been released for the treatment of primary cutaneous melanoma, according to a report from the American Academy of Dermatology published online Nov. 1 in the Journal of the American Academy of...
https://ift.tt/2qnkUg4
October 2018 Briefing - Allergy
Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Allergy for October 2018. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the...
https://ift.tt/2QcYWrF
October 2018 Briefing - Nursing
Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Nursing for October 2018. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the...
https://ift.tt/2qpdusU
October 2018 Briefing - Urology
Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Urology for October 2018. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the...
https://ift.tt/2Qayqiv
October 2018 Briefing - Cardiology
Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Cardiology for October 2018. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are...
https://ift.tt/2qp014e
October 2018 Briefing - Dermatology
Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Dermatology for October 2018. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are...
https://ift.tt/2QcrmBV
October 2018 Briefing - Psychiatry
Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Psychiatry for October 2018. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are...
https://ift.tt/2qoAqbq
October 2018 Briefing - Otolaryngology
Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Otolaryngology for October 2018. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that...
https://ift.tt/2QjBBEo
October 2018 Briefing - Nephrology
Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Nephrology for October 2018. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are...
https://ift.tt/2qm2A6X
October 2018 Briefing - Pathology
Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Pathology for October 2018. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are...
https://ift.tt/2Qc4Lpf
October 2018 Briefing - Anesthesiology
Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Anesthesiology for October 2018. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that...
https://ift.tt/2qoT4Ai
Sigma-1 receptor protects against endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in mice with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury
Abstract
Reports have showed that Sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) activation can protect neurons against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice and alleviate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in cultured cells, but little known is about the protective role of Sig-1R on ER stress induced by cerebral I/R. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Sig-1R exerts a protective effect against ER stress-mediated apoptosis in cerebral I/R using a 15-min bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) mouse model. At 72 h after reperfusion in BCCAO mice, we found that Sig-1R knockout (Sig-1R KO) significantly increased terminal dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells and nuclear structural damage in cortical neurons. Treatment with the Sig-1R agonist PRE084 once daily for three consecutive days reduced the number of TUNEL-positive cells and improved the ultrastructural damage of neurons in the cerebral cortex. These protective effects could be blocked by the Sig-1R antagonist BD1047. Then, we used BCCAO mice at 24 h after reperfusion to detect the expression of ER stress-mediated apoptotic pathway proteins. We found that expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins p-PERK, p-eIF2α, ATF, CHOP, p-IRE, p-JNK, Bim, PUMA, cleaved-caspase-12 and cleaved-caspase-3 was significantly increased and that expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was significantly decreased in Sig-1R KO-BCCAO mice compared with BCCAO mice. Meanwhile, we found that treatment with PRE084 twice a day decreased pro-apoptotic protein expression and increased anti-apoptotic protein expression. The effects of PRE084 were blocked by the Sig-1R antagonist BD1047. These results suggest that Sig-1R activation inhibits ER stress-mediated apoptosis in BCCAO mice, indicating that Sig-1R may be a therapeutic target for neuroprotection particularly relevant to ER stress-induced apoptosis after cerebral I/R injury.
https://ift.tt/2CYwc1I
Colonization of Cutibacterium avidum during infant gut microbiota establishment
Abstract
Establishment of the infant gut microbiota affects gut maturation and influences long-term health. Cutibacterium (formerly Propionibacterium) have been identified as early colonizers, but little is known about their function. Using a cultivation-dependent and -independent approach, we determined Cutibacterium prevalence, diversity and functional potential. In feces from a Swiss infant cohort (n = 38), prevalence of Propionibacterium/Cutibacterium decreased from 84% at 2 weeks, to 65% at 4 weeks, 47% at 8 weeks and 41% at 12 weeks of age. Abundance varied among individuals, and persistence depended on the colonization levels at 2 weeks. Cutibacterium isolates (n = 87) were obtained from 10 infants from a smaller cohort (n = 12); restriction fragment length polymorphism clustered isolates in four groups, and all identified as Cutibacterium avidum. Colonization potential and metabolic effects of C. avidum addition were tested in an in vitro continuous intestinal fermentation model mimicking infant proximal colon conditions. C. avidum spiked daily at 108 or 109 cells mL−1 colonized, decreased formate, and persisted during the washout period. Significant correlations were observed between Propionibacterium/Cutibacterium and lactate-producers and protein-degraders in both reactors and infant feces. Our findings highlight the natural presence of C. avidum and its role as a lactate-consumer and propionate-producer in infants younger than three months.https://ift.tt/2QcqoFI
An Efficient Sieving Method to Isolate Intact Glomeruli from Adult Rat Kidney
The main focus of this protocol is to efficiently isolate viable primary glomeruli cultures with minimal contaminants for use in a variety of downstream applications. The isolated glomeruli retain structural relationships between component cell types and can be cultured ex vivo for a short time.
https://ift.tt/2qn1gAX
Applicability Analysis of Assessment Methods for Morphological Parameters of Corroded Steel Bars
This paper measures the geometry and the amount of corrosion of a steel bar using different methods: mass loss, calipers, drainage measurements, 3D scanning, and X-ray micro-computed tomography (XCT).
https://ift.tt/2Qcto51
EMS World Expo Quick Take: 5 ingredients for psychomotor mastery
Competence is the minimum goal for EMT and paramedic students. EMS educators need to put their students on the path to mastery
https://ift.tt/2ETPCHT
Safety of Excessive Visceral Fat Reduction with 52-Week Administration of Lipase Inhibitor Orlistat in Japanese Individuals: A Long Term Clinical Study
Abstract
Introduction
Orlistat is an inhibitor of pancreatic lipase and is used as an anti-obesity drug in many countries. However, there are no data available regarding the effects of orlistat on visceral fat (VF) accumulation in Japanese individuals. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of 52 weeks of orlistat administration in Japanese individuals.
Methods
Orlistat 60 mg was administered orally three times daily for 52 weeks to Japanese participants with excessive VF accumulation and without dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension (metabolic diseases). Participants were also counseled to improve their diet and to maintain exercise habits. We defined excessive VF accumulation as a waist circumference (WC) of ≥ 85 cm for males and ≥ 90 cm for females, which corresponds to a VF area of 100 cm2. Adverse reactions, clinical laboratory tests, VF, WC, body weight (BW), etc., were monitored throughout the study period.
Results
VF, WC, and BW were significantly reduced at week 52 from baseline; the mean ± standard error rate of change was − 21.52% ± 1.89%, − 4.89% ± 0.45%, and − 5.36% ± 0.56%, respectively, and continued to reduce throughout the 52 weeks; these significantly reduced at whole term compared with baseline. Most adverse reactions were defecation-related symptoms such as oily spotting and flatus with discharge (flatus with small amounts of stool or oil) due to the pharmacologic effects of the lipase inhibitor. These symptoms were mostly mild, reversible, and recognizable by the participants; none were serious or severe. No participants discontinued by medical judgment about adverse reactions, and the drug could be administered continuously.
Conclusion
VF, WC, and BW were reduced from week 4 to week 52, indicating the effect of long-term orlistat administration. Moreover, it was well tolerated with an acceptable safety profile. Long-term administration of orlistat may be efficacious in reducing VF accumulation with safety when used in combination with diet and exercise.
Trial Registration
This study is registered with the Japan Pharmaceutical Information Center (identifier: JapicCTI-184004).
Funding
Funding for this study was provided by Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
https://ift.tt/2P2ceL4
Safety of intraperitoneal paclitaxel combined with conventional chemotherapy for colorectal cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis: a phase I trial
Abstract
Purpose
Peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal cancer origin is associated with poor prognosis. With regard to ovarian, gastric, and pancreatic cancer, the safety and efficacy of intraperitoneal administration of paclitaxel (ip PTX) has been demonstrated. This drug can be administered easily and repeatedly through a catheter into the peritoneal cavity. In this phase I study, we evaluated the safety of ip PTX combined with 5-fluorouracil, folinic acid, oxaliplatin, and bevacizumab (mFOLFOX6-bevacizumab) or capecitabine, oxaliplatin, and bevacizumab (CapeOX-bevacizumab) for colorectal cancer with peritoneal metastasis.
Methods
Colorectal cancer patients with histologically confirmed peritoneal carcinomatosis were enrolled. After the implantation of a peritoneal access port, 20 mg/m2 of ip PTX was administered weekly, in combination with mFOLFOX6-bevacizumab or CapeOX-bevacizumab. Primary endpoint was the safety of the combination chemotherapy.
Results
Among the six patients enrolled, three received the mFOLFOX6-bevacizumab plus ip PTX regimen and three received the CapeOX-bevacizumab plus ip PTX regimen. Dose-limiting toxicity was not observed. Overall, grade 3 adverse events, such as leukopenia and neutropenia, were observed in two of three patients (66.7%) for each chemotherapeutic regimen, but no grade 4 adverse events were observed. Moreover, adverse events associated with the peritoneal access port, such as infection or occlusion of the catheter, were not observed.
Conclusions
The adverse events of mFOLFOX6-bevacizumab or CapeOX-bevacizumab in combination with ip PTX were considered similar to those described in previous studies of oxaliplatin-based treatment alone. 1 year after the start of chemotherapy, the efficacy of ip PTX will be evaluated as a secondary outcome.
https://ift.tt/2zg77vK
Nonclinical pharmacokinetics and in vitro metabolism of H3B-6545, a novel selective ERα covalent antagonist (SERCA)
Abstract
Purpose
H3B-6545, a novel selective estrogen receptor (ER)α covalent antagonist (SERCA) which inactivates both wild-type and mutant ERα, is in clinical development for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Preclinical studies were conducted to characterize the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of H3B-6545 in rat and monkeys.
Methods
The clearance and metabolic profiles of H3B-6545 were studied using rat, monkey and human hepatocytes, and reaction phenotyping was done using recombinant human cytochrome P450 enzymes. Blood stability, protein binding, and permeability were also determined in vitro. Pharmacokinetics of H3B-6545 was assessed after both intravenous and oral dosing. A nonclinical PBPK model was developed to assess in vitro–in vivo correlation of clearance.
Results
H3B-6545 had a terminal elimination half-life of 2.4 h in rats and 4.0 h in monkeys and showed low to moderate bioavailability, in line with the in vitro permeability assessment. Plasma protein binding was similar across species, at 99.5–99.8%. Nine metabolites of H3B-6545 were identified in hepatocyte incubations, none of which were unique to humans. Formation of glutathione-related conjugate of H3B-6545 was minimal in vitro. H3B-6545, a CYP3A substrate, is expected to be mostly cleared via hepatic phase 1 metabolism. Hepatocyte clearance values were used to adequately model the time-concentration profiles in rat and monkey.
Conclusions
We report on the absorption and metabolic fate and disposition of H3B-6545 in rats and dogs and illustrate that in vitro–in vivo correlation of clearance is possible for targeted covalent inhibitors, provided reactivity is not a predominant mechanism of clearance.
https://ift.tt/2DhnmNJ
Reflections on My First Year as NCI Director
October 2018 marked Dr. Norman Sharpless's one-year anniversary as NCI director. He reflects on noteworthy events from the past 12 months and his excitement about leading NCI at such a critical juncture in the history of cancer research.
https://ift.tt/2PBLxvS
Maternal Cytokine Profiles during Pregnancy Predict Asthma in Children of Mothers without Asthma
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 592-600, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2RuwyRX
November Highlights/Papers by Junior Investigators/NIH News
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page v-v, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2PEDQFC
Inhaled TRIM72 Protein Protects Ventilation Injury to the Lung through Injury-guided Cell Repair
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 635-647, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2RtShtc
BAL Fluid Metaproteome in Acute Respiratory Failure
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 648-652, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2Py1Xp7
Prenatal Markers of Asthma and Maternal Asthma Status
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 529-530, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2RrCVoZ
All-trans Retinoic Acid Augments Autophagy during Intracellular Bacterial Infection
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 548-556, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2PvKCNP
Immune Surveillance by Natural IgM Is Required for Early Neoantigen Recognition and Initiation of Adaptive Immunity
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 580-591, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2Rvcv5W
Increased Antielastase Activity in Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 652-655, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2PxOSfC
Can a Vitamin a Day Keep Tuberculosis Away?
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 523-524, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2RrCT0l
The Importance of Tyrosine Phosphorylation Control of Cellular Signaling Pathways in Respiratory Disease: pY and pY Not
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 535-547, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2PuQRRZ
Lung Defense through IL-8 Carries a Cost of Chronic Lung Remodeling and Impaired Function
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 557-571, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2RqAJ0Y
TRIMming Ventilator-induced Lung Injury by Enhancing Cell Membrane Repair
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 533-534, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2PBAgvJ
Cigarette Smoking Impairs the Bioenergetic Immune Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 572-579, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2Rs6w1s
Mechanisms of Ventilator-induced Lung Injury: Is the Elafin in the Room?
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 531-532, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2PBAaEn
DNA Methylation Regulates RGS2-induced S100A12 Expression in Airway Epithelial Cells
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 601-613, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2RvYJjz
Bioenergetic Responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A Step Closer to Developing a New Therapy to Treat Tuberculosis in Smokers?
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 527-528, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2PBrqhv
Whole-Genome Sequencing in Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 614-622, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2RutsNU
Stranger in a Strange Land: IL-8 in the Mouse Lung?
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 525-526, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2PBzU8n
Elafin Treatment Rescues EGFR-Klf4 Signaling and Lung Cell Survival in Ventilated Newborn Mice
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 623-634, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2Rs6s1I
The Search for the Optimal Intensive Care Unit Triage Model
Annals of the American Thoracic Society, Volume 15, Issue 11, Page 1280-1282, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2qnXYgH
Longitudinal Changes in Quantitative Interstitial Lung Disease on Computed Tomography after Immunosuppression in the Scleroderma Lung Study II
Annals of the American Thoracic Society, Volume 15, Issue 11, Page 1286-1295, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2CSWy5s
Reply: Looking for Predictors of Early Readmission in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Every Effort Is Required
Annals of the American Thoracic Society, Volume 15, Issue 11, Page 1367-1367, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2qkLGFW
Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap in Women. Incidence and Risk Factors
Annals of the American Thoracic Society, Volume 15, Issue 11, Page 1304-1310, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2CTsDds
Our Tiny Preemies: What Will Become of Their Future Pulmonary Health?
Annals of the American Thoracic Society, Volume 15, Issue 11, Page 1276-1278, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2qldlqh
Incidence of Suicide and Association with Palliative Care among Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer
https://ift.tt/2CYhlon
Associations of Intensive Care Unit Capacity Strain with Disposition and Outcomes of Patients with Sepsis Presenting to the Emergency Department
Annals of the American Thoracic Society, Volume 15, Issue 11, Page 1328-1335, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2qoFHA6
Outcomes of the First Three Years of a Lung Cancer Screening Program at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center
https://ift.tt/2CVrvpt
Telemedicine Coverage of Intensive Care Units: A Narrative Review
Annals of the American Thoracic Society, Volume 15, Issue 11, Page 1256-1264, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2qoFHjA
Tidal Breathing Measurements at Discharge and Clinical Outcomes in Extremely Low Gestational Age Neonates
Annals of the American Thoracic Society, Volume 15, Issue 11, Page 1311-1319, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2CUrO3W
When One Door Closes, Another Opens
https://ift.tt/2qnoLKj
Out of Sight, but Should Not Be Out of Mind: The Hidden Lung Blood Supply
https://ift.tt/2CUK0u8
Risk Factors for and Prediction of Hypoxemia during Tracheal Intubation of Critically Ill Adults
Annals of the American Thoracic Society, Volume 15, Issue 11, Page 1320-1327, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2qnoLdh
Modifiable Risk Factors for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap: Encouraging Healthy Living
Annals of the American Thoracic Society, Volume 15, Issue 11, Page 1275-1276, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2qmwhF5
The Difficulty of Predicting Intensive Care Unit Mortality in Resource-limited Settings
Annals of the American Thoracic Society, Volume 15, Issue 11, Page 1282-1284, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2CUrKBe
The Phillip Morris Foundation for a Smoke-Free World. A Cause for Concern
https://ift.tt/2qoEZ5U
Palliative Care in Advanced Lung Diseases: A Void That Needs Filling
https://ift.tt/2CU40NA
Scleroderma with Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Disease: Where Do We Stand?
Annals of the American Thoracic Society, Volume 15, Issue 11, Page 1273-1275, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2CVramH
Oxygen at Risk
Annals of the American Thoracic Society, Volume 15, Issue 11, Page 1278-1280, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2qldaeB
Looking for Predictors of Early Readmission in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Every Effort Is Required
Annals of the American Thoracic Society, Volume 15, Issue 11, Page 1366-1366, November 2018.
https://ift.tt/2CVqYDZ
American Thoracic Society/American Lung Association Lung Cancer Screening Implementation Guide
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page 1120-1121, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2DguUQW
Hookah Pipes
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page P17-P18, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2Jwf58Q
Lung Dendritic Cells Drive Natural Killer Cytotoxicity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease via IL-15Rα
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page 1140-1150, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2JuhKzQ
Airway Pressure Release Ventilation in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. A Randomized Controlled Trial
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page 1199-1207, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2Ju2umB
A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Zephyr Endobronchial Valve Treatment in Heterogeneous Emphysema (LIBERATE)
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page 1151-1164, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2DguTwm
Underdiagnosis and Overdiagnosis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page 1130-1139, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2Ju2nYd
Reply to Hu et al.: How to Determine the Patient’s Head and Neck Posture during Computed Tomography Scanning?
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page 1238-1239, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2Jv8xrb
Drug-Penetration Gradients Associated with Acquired Drug Resistance in Patients with Tuberculosis
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page 1208-1219, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2DguF8u
Preservation of Lung Function in Cystic Fibrosis: Are Macrolides the Answer?
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page 1114-1116, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2Dh5rGT
Protecting the Ventilated Lung: Vascular Surge and Deflation Energetics
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page 1112-1114, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2JuhKjk
Exploring Host–Microbe Interactions in Lung Cancer
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page 1116-1118, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2DguutQ
Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cell Hyperplasia in a Patient with Mycobacterium avium Complex
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page e109-e110, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2Jy4JFm
Diffuse Idiopathic Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cell Hyperplasia on Somatostatin Receptor Imaging
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page 1223-1225, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2Dgunyq
Airway Microbiota Is Associated with Upregulation of the PI3K Pathway in Lung Cancer
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page 1188-1198, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2DgueLo
Natural Killer Cell: Looks Like a Sniper but Is Part of the Team
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page 1109-1110, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2Ju1Vct
Abrupt Deflation after Sustained Inflation Causes Lung Injury
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page 1165-1176, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2DhppBc
SOX17 Mutations in Japanese Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page 1231-1233, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2JuKOHq
Impact of Guideline Changes on Indications for Inhaled Corticosteroids among Veterans with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page 1226-1228, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2DgUjd0
The Bronchial Epithelial Secretory IgA System in Asthma
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page 1236-1236, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2JwX6iI
Reply to Upham: The Bronchial Epithelial Secretory IgA System in Asthma
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 198, Issue 9, Page 1236-1238, November 1, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2DgqcCr
People Link Body Shapes With Personality Traits
When we meet new people, our first impressions of their personality may depend, at least in part, on their body shape, according to research published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.
"Our research shows that people infer a wide range of personality traits just by looking at the physical features of a particular body," says psychological scientist Ying Hu of the University of Texas at Dallas, first author on the research. "Stereotypes based on body shape can contribute to how we judge and interact with new acquaintances and strangers. Understanding these biases is important for considering how we form first impressions."
Previous research has shown that we infer a considerable amount of social information by looking at other people's faces, but relatively little research has explored whether body shapes also contribute to these judgments.
"We wanted to know whether we could link personality descriptor words to body shape in predictable ways," explains Hu. "That is, do people look at a person's body and make snap judgments about whether the person is lazy, enthusiastic, or irritable?"
Hu and colleagues created 140 realistic body models, of which 70 were female and 70 male. The three-dimensional renderings were generated from random values along 10 different body dimensions, using data from laser scans of actual human bodies. Using these models allowed the researchers to know the precise physical measurements of each body shown in the study.
A total of 76 undergraduate participants viewed a set of models — they saw each body from two angles and indicated whether 30 trait words shown on screen applied to that body. The trait words reflected dimensions of the Big Five personality traits (a common measure of personality used in psychology research) typically seen as positive (e.g., enthusiastic, extraverted, dominant) or negative (e.g., quiet, reserved, shy).
The researchers analyzed whether participants consistently associated specific traits with certain types of bodies.
Generally, participants judged heavier bodies as being associated with more negative traits, such as being lazy and careless; they judged lighter bodies as having more positive traits, such as being self-confident and enthusiastic.
Furthermore, the participants perceived classically feminine (e.g., pear-shaped) and classically masculine (e.g., broad-shouldered) bodies as being associated with "active" traits, such as being quarrelsome, extraverted, and irritable. Male and female bodies that were more rectangular, on the other hand, were associated with relatively passive traits, such as being trustworthy, shy, dependable, and warm.
In additional analyses, the researchers found that they could reliably predict personality trait judgments from specific combinations of different body shape features.
"To our knowledge, this is the first study to consider the role of more nuanced aspects of body shape—beyond height and weight—in personality judgments about people," says Alice O'Toole, coauthor and professor of the University of Texas at Dallas.
The tendency to infer personality traits from body shape is likely universal, the authors argue, but they note that the exact inferences people make will vary according to their culture, ethnicity, and even age. And it remains to be seen how other characteristics, such as attractiveness or gender, interact with body shape to influence the inferences that people make.
These findings add a new layer to the science behind first impressions, revealing "the complicated and value-based judgments that people make about strangers based only on their bodies," Hu concludes.
Coauthors on the research include Connor J. Parde, Matthew, Q. Hill, and Alice J. O'Toole of the University of Texas at Dallas and Naureen Mahmood of the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems.
All stimuli, data, and analysis scripts have been made publicly available via the Open Science Framework. The complete Open Practices Disclosure for this article are available online. This article has received the badge for Open Data.
https://ift.tt/2qmypwD
The Motoric Types of Delirium and Estimated Blood Loss during Perioperative Period in Orthopedic Elderly Patients
Background. Delirium is a common and serious syndrome in elderly patients. The hypoactive type of delirium is known to have different characteristics, but further studies are needed to define the specificities of these characteristics. Our study aims at finding specific risk factors, especially estimated blood loss during operations of hyper- and hypoactive delirium in orthopedic elderly patients. Methods. One hundred and seventy-five elderly patients were evaluated using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) and the edition text revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). Trained psychiatrists interviewed the subjects directly at pre- and postoperative time points. We reviewed medical records after the patients were discharged. Results. Thirty-nine patients (22.3%) were diagnosed with multiple types of delirium, which included 17 hyperactive types (65.9%), 13 hypoactive types (33.3%), and 9 mixed types (23.1%). Although the mean estimated blood loss in patients with either hyper- or hypoactive symptoms was larger than in patients lacking these symptoms, the odds ratio was only significant in patients with hyperactive symptoms. In addition, age, preoperative daily function, and preoperative hyponatremia were found to be risk factors for hyperactive but not hypoactive symptoms. Conclusion. Patients with hypoactive symptoms had different risk factors than patients with hyperactive symptoms of delirium. The estimated blood loss, well-known risk factors for delirium, might be risk factors for only hyperactive delirium. The acute precipitating factors seemed to show stronger correlation with the hyperactive type of delirium than with the hypoactive type.
https://ift.tt/2yKD5B8
Prognostic Characteristics of MACC1 Expression in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Recent studies have shown that overexpression of metastasis-associated in colon cancer 1 (MACC1) is significantly associated with adverse prognoses of patients with different kinds of cancer. However, the exact survival effect of MACC1 on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients has not yet been established. Thus, the objective of this study was to explore the prognostic role of MACC1 mRNA in EOC by using Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter and ONCOMINE database. Our results indicated that MACC1 mRNA high expression was significantly associated with unfavorable overall survival (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.51 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.21 – 1.88), P = 0.00025) and progression-free survival (HR = 1.53 (95% CI: 1.24 – 1.89), P = 5.8e-05) in EOC patients. We also found that the expression of MACC1 mRNA in EOC was 2.5 times higher than that in normal surface ovarian epithelium, which was statistically significant (P = 2.86e-7). Our results suggest that MACC1 expression might be a biomarker for poor prognosis in individual EOC patients.
https://ift.tt/2OiTHEJ
Ameliorative Effect of Dangguibuxue Decoction against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Heart Injury in Mice
Dangguibuxue decoction (DBD), a kind of Chinese herbal medicine, has been widely used to treat blood deficiency disease in China. In this experiment, we studied the effects of the Dangguibuxue decoction (DBD) on the myocardial injury induced by cyclophosphamide in mice. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum were detected by commercial kits. Total white blood cell (WBCs), platelets, and cytokines pathological changes of heart tissue were also examined. In addition, the protein levels of the NF-кB pathway were detected to reveal its mechanism. The results showed that DBD significantly decreased the levels of ALT, AST, CK, and LDH and increased WBCs in CTX-induced mice. In addition, DBD significantly alleviated pathological changes of heart tissue. DBD significantly reduced the protein expressions of NF-кB signaling pathway. In summary, DBD can be considered an effective drug to alleviate CTX-induced heart damage in mice.
https://ift.tt/2yIAjMM
Response of Sclerostin and Bone Turnover Markers to High Intensity Interval Exercise in Young Women: Does Impact Matter?
This study examined potential exercise-induced changes in sclerostin and in bone turnover markers in young women following two modes of high intensity interval exercise that involve impact (running) or no-impact (cycling). Healthy, recreationally active, females (n=20; 22.5±2.7 years) performed two exercise trials in random order: high intensity interval running (HIIR) on a treadmill and high intensity interval cycling (HIIC) on a cycle ergometer. Trials consisted of eight 1 min running or cycling intervals at ≥90% of maximal heart rate, separated by 1 min passive recovery intervals. Blood samples were collected at rest (pre-exercise) and 5 min, 1h, 24h, and 48h following each exercise trial. Serum was analyzed for sclerostin, cross linked telopeptide of type I collagen (CTXI), and procollagen type I amino-terminal propeptide (PINP). A significant time effect was found for sclerostin, which increased from pre-exercise to 5 min after exercise in both trials (100.2 to 131.6 pg/ml in HIIR; 102.3 to 135.8 pg/ml in HIIC, p
https://ift.tt/2OYUFv8
Twin Pregnancy in Brazil: A Profile Analysis Exploring Population Information from the National Birth E-Registry on Live Births
Birth records as SINASC (Brazilian Live Birth Information System) are highlighted in uncommon conditions such as twin pregnancy whose prevalence rarely exceeds 2 to 3% of the total number of births. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of twin pregnancies in Brazil and their maternal and perinatal characteristics using data from the national birth e-Registry. All births in Brazil from 2011 to 2014 were assessed. Prevalence of twin pregnancies per region was assessed and correlated with the Human Development Index (HDI). Sociodemographic and obstetric factors and main perinatal outcomes were assessed for the first and second twin, in comparison to singletons, and the second twin compared to the first twin, with PR and 95%CI. A multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors independently associated with a low 5-minute Apgar score in twin pregnancies. Twin pregnancy occurred in 1.13% in Brazil, with a higher prevalence in regions with a higher HDI. It was associated with a complete higher level of education (22.9% versus 16.3% for singles) and maternal age > 35 years (17.5% versus 11.4% for singles). Preterm birth
https://ift.tt/2OoxGVq
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Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete Greece,00302841026182,0030693260717...
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heory of COVID-19 pathogenesis Publication date: November 2020Source: Medical Hypotheses, Volume 144Author(s): Yuichiro J. Suzuki ScienceD...
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