Emerging concepts in sinonasal tumor research

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Emerging concepts in sinonasal tumor research Via Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery - Current Issue Purpose of review Sinonasal malignancies are rare and understudied, often diagnosed at late stages, and may behave aggressively. This review explores investigative diagnostic, therapeutic, and scientific advances specific to sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC), intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (ITAC), and olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB). Recent findings A number of studies have recently contributed more robust knowledge of the genetic and molecular landscapes of SNUC, ITAC, and ONB. These analyses have identified SMARCB1 and IDH2 mutations in SNUC, potentially allowing for the tumor's subdivision. Recent studies have also defined a role for induction chemotherapy in SNUC. Somatic mutations for ITAC have been identified and may be potentially targetable with FDA approved therapies. Studies defining the tumor microenvironment for ITAC and ONB have introduced the possibility of immune checkpoint inhibition for these tumor types. Summary Studies reviewed here detail promising results of the most current and novel characterization of SNUC, ITAC, and ONB genetic and molecular landscapes, which have informed ongoing therapeutic discovery. With continued multi-institutional efforts, the field of sinonasal tumor research will achieve higher disease control and improved treatment outcomes for patients afflicted with these rare cancers. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Flap survival and functional outcomes in elbow soft tissue reconstruction: A 25-year systematic review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Flap survival and functional outcomes in elbow soft tissue reconstruction: A 25-year systematic review Via Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021 Dec 2:S1748-6815(21)00637-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.11.091. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Different elbow flap reconstructions have been described in the literature. We aim to define the optimal flap technique based on defect size and etiology. METHODS: A systematic review was undertaken using the terms "(Elbow reconstruction) AND ((Soft tissue) OR (flap))". Flaps were grouped under fasciocutaneous (FCF), muscular (MF), distant pedicled (DPF), and free flaps (FF). The primary outcome was flap survival. The secondary outcomes were postoperative complications and range of motion (pROM). RESULTS: Twenty articles with 224 patients were included. Defect sizes were small (<10 cm2) (18%), medium (10-30 cm2) (23%), large (30-100 cm2) (43%), and massive (>100 cm2) (16%). Etiologies included trauma (26%), burn contractures (26%), i nfection (26%), hardware coverage (16%), and others (6%). FCF (54%) was the preferred flap followed by MF (28%), DPF (13%), and FF (5%). The rate of flap necrosis was 4% and that of other complications was 10%. The postoperative range of motion (pROM) (reported in 154 patients) was >100°, 50-100°, and <50° in 82%, 17%, and 1% of the cases, respectively. Small defects were most commonly reconstructed with MFs (83%), medium defects were reconstructed with MFs (52%) or FCFs (46%), and large defects were reconstructed with FCFs (91%). Massive defects predominantly required DPFs (60%) and FFs (26%). FCFs were the most common reconstruction method for burn contractures (84%), infections (55%), and traumatic defects (51%). Hardware coverage was predominantly performed using MFs (86%). No difference in complications and pROM was found between flap techniques. CONCLUSION: Elbow flap reconstruction can be performed using different techniques. FCFs are the most commonly used rec onstruction method. MFs are useful for smaller defects and hardware coverage. DPFs and FFs are needed for massive injuries. PMID:34961697 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2021.11.091 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Reversible Iodine Capture by Nonporous Adaptive Crystals of a Bipyridine Cage

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Reversible Iodine Capture by Nonporous Adaptive Crystals of a Bipyridine Cage Via radioactive iodine J Am Chem Soc. 2021 Dec 28. doi: 10.1021/jacs.1c11731. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The ability to capture radioactive iodine species is crucial for nuclear accident preparedness and nuclear waste treatment; however, it remains a challenge. Here we report a new readily obtainable nitrogen-rich nonporous cage (BPy-Cage) based on bipyridine building blocks that supports iodine capture. This cage is able to capture not only volatile iodine in vapor form but also iodine disso lved in various organic solvents or aqueous media with an iodine uptake capacity of up to 3.23 g g-1. The iodine within the cage (I2@BPy-Cage) can be released quickly upon immersing the bound solid form in DMF, allowing for control over acylation reactions. The cage solids reported here could be reused several times without substantial loss in their iodine capture performance. The effectiveness of the present system is ascribed to its ability to support strong iodine-bipyridine nitrogen lone pair interactions. PMID:34962800 | DOI:10.1021/jacs.1c11731 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.