Viruses, Vol. 8, Pages 217: Erratum: Smither, S.; et al. Effectiveness of Four Disinfectants against Ebola Virus on Different Materials. Viruses 2016, 8, 185

The Viruses Editorial Office wishes to notify its readers of corrections in [1].[...]

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Energies, Vol. 9, Pages 619: Sustainable New Brick and Thermo-Acoustic Insulation Panel from Mineralization of Stranded Driftwood Residues

There is considerable interest recently in by-products for application in green buildings. These materials are widely used as building envelope insulators or blocks. In this study, an experimental study was conducted to test stranded driftwood residues as raw material for possible thermo-acoustic insulation panel and environmentally sustainable brick. The thermal and acoustic characteristics of such a natural by-product were examined. Part of samples were mineralized by means of cement-based additive to reinforce the material and enhance its durability as well as fire resistance. Several mixtures with different sizes of ground wood chips and different quantities of cement were investigated. The thermo-acoustic in-lab characterization was aimed at investigating the thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, volumetric specific heat, and acoustic transmission loss. All samples were tested before and after mineralization. Results from this study indicate that it is possible to use stranded driftwood residues as building materials with competitive thermo-acoustic properties. In fact, the thermal conductivity was shown to be always around 0.07 W/mK in the unbound samples, and around double that value for the mineralized samples, which present a much higher volumetric specific heat (1.6 MJ/m3K) and transmission loss capability. The lignin powder showed a sort of intermediate behavior between the unbound and the mineralized samples.

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Materials, Vol. 9, Pages 654: New Surface-Treatment Technique of Concrete Structures Using Crack Repair Stick with Healing Ingredients

This study focused on the development of a crack repair stick as a new repair method along with self-healing materials that can be used to easily repair the cracks in a concrete structure at the construction site. In developing this new repair technique, the self-healing efficiency of various cementitious materials was considered. Likewise, a crack repair stick was developed to apply to concrete structures with 0.3 mm or lower crack widths. The crack repair stick was made with different materials, such as cement, an expansive material (C12A7), a swelling material, and calcium carbonate, to endow it with a self-healing property. To verify the performance of the crack repair stick for concrete structures, two types of procedures (field experiment and field absorption test) were carried out. As a result of such procedures, it was concluded that the developed crack repair stick could be used on concrete structures to reduce repair expenses and for the improved workability, usability, and serviceability of such structures. On the other hand, to evaluate the self-healing performance of the crack repair stick, various tests were conducted, such as the relative dynamic modulus of elasticity test, the water tightness test, the water permeability test, observation via a microscope, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. From the results, it is found that water leakage can be prevented and that the durability of a concrete structure can be improved through self-healing. Also, it was verified that the cracks were perfectly closed after 28 days due to application of the crack repair stick. These results indicate the usability of the crack repair stick for concrete structures, and its self-healing efficiency.

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How Do Intensity and Duration of Rehabilitation Services Affect Outcomes from Severe Traumatic Brain Injury? A Natural Experiment Comparing Healthcare Delivery Systems in Two Developed Nations

Publication date: Available online 3 August 2016
Source:Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Author(s): Tessa Hart, John Whyte, Ingrid Poulsen, Karin Spangsberg Kristensen, Annette M. Nordenbo, Inna Chervoneva, Monica J. Vaccaro
ObjectiveDetermine effects of inpatient and outpatient treatment intensity on functional and emotional well-being outcomes at 1 year post severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).DesignProspective, quasi-experimental study comparing outcomes in a US TBI treatment center with those in a Denmark (DK) center providing significantly greater intensity and duration of rehabilitation.SettingInpatient and outpatient TBI rehabilitation.Participants274 persons with severe traumatic brain injury.InterventionsInpatient rehabilitation interventions were counted daily by discipline. Outpatient treatments were estimated per discipline using a structured interview administered to patients and/ or caregivers at 12 months.Main Outcome MeasuresFIM, Glasgow Outcome Scale- Extended, Disability Rating Scale, Participation Assessment with Recombined Tools-Objective, Perceived Quality of Life, SF-12, Brief Symptom Inventory-18 item version.ResultsDespite identical inclusion criteria, patient severity on admission was greater at the DK site. After adjustment for patient/ injury characteristics, there were no site differences in either functional or emotional outcome at 12 months. Significantly more inpatient + outpatient treatment was administered to DK patients than to those in the US. For functional but not emotional treatments, more severely impaired patients received higher doses. One-year outcomes were predicted by admission severity, age, employment, and other baseline characteristics.ConclusionsContrary to expectation, DK patients who received significantly more rehabilitation services during the year following severe TBI did not differ in outcome from their less intensively treated US counterparts, after adjusting for initial severity. The negative association of functional treatment dose with extent of early disability suggests that dose was driven by unmeasured factors reflecting need for services. Improved measures of injury-related factors driving treatment allocation are needed to model the independent effects of treatment on outcomes.



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Sensors, Vol. 16, Pages 1228: Real-Time Identification of Smoldering and Flaming Combustion Phases in Forest Using a Wireless Sensor Network-Based Multi-Sensor System and Artificial Neural Network

Diverse sensing techniques have been developed and combined with machine learning method for forest fire detection, but none of them referred to identifying smoldering and flaming combustion phases. This study attempts to real-time identify different combustion phases using a developed wireless sensor network (WSN)-based multi-sensor system and artificial neural network (ANN). Sensors (CO, CO2, smoke, air temperature and relative humidity) were integrated into one node of WSN. An experiment was conducted using burning materials from residual of forest to test responses of each node under no, smoldering-dominated and flaming-dominated combustion conditions. The results showed that the five sensors have reasonable responses to artificial forest fire. To reduce cost of the nodes, smoke, CO2 and temperature sensors were chiefly selected through correlation analysis. For achieving higher identification rate, an ANN model was built and trained with inputs of four sensor groups: smoke; smoke and CO2; smoke and temperature; smoke, CO2 and temperature. The model test results showed that multi-sensor input yielded higher predicting accuracy (≥82.5%) than single-sensor input (50.9%–92.5%). Based on these, it is possible to reduce the cost with a relatively high fire identification rate and potential application of the system can be tested in future under real forest condition.

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Marine Drugs, Vol. 14, Pages 147: Acetylated Triterpene Glycosides and Their Biological Activity from Holothuroidea Reported in the Past Six Decades

Sea cucumbers have been valued for many centuries as a tonic and functional food, dietary delicacies and important ingredients of traditional medicine in many Asian countries. An assortment of bioactive compounds has been described in sea cucumbers. The most important and abundant secondary metabolites from sea cucumbers are triterpene glycosides (saponins). Due to the wide range of their potential biological activities, these natural compounds have gained attention and this has led to their emergence as high value compounds with extended application in nutraceutical, cosmeceutical, medicinal and pharmaceutical products. They are characterized by bearing a wide spectrum of structures, such as sulfated, non-sulfated and acetylated glycosides. Over 700 triterpene glycosides have been reported from the Holothuroidea in which more than 145 are decorated with an acetoxy group having 38 different aglycones. The majority of sea cucumber triterpene glycosides are of the holostane type containing a C18 (20) lactone group and either Δ7(8) or Δ9(11) double bond in their genins. The acetoxy group is mainly connected to the C-16, C-22, C-23 and/or C-25 of their aglycone. Apparently, the presence of an acetoxy group, particularly at C-16 of the aglycone, plays a significant role in the bioactivity; including induction of caspase, apoptosis, cytotoxicity, anticancer, antifungal and antibacterial activities of these compounds. This manuscript highlights the structure of acetylated saponins, their biological activity, and their structure-activity relationships.

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Sustainability, Vol. 8, Pages 744: Towards a Climate-Responsive Vertical Pedestrian System: An Empirical Study on an Elevated Walkway in Shanghai China

Elevated walkways can bring pedestrian-friendly urban space back to high-density urban centers that are planned largely for vehicle traffic—for instance, the Lujiazui CBD in Shanghai. Most studies on elevated walkways have focused on transportation planning, structural safety as well as urban form and design. Few have paid attention to thermal conditions and pedestrian comfort issues on elevated levels. Considering all of the environmental factors that influence human thermal comfort, one could claim that there will be more breezes on elevated levels compared to sidewalks at the ground levels, but they can be exposed to increased solar radiation and thus higher radiant temperatures, if not properly shaded. The overall effect of the change in elevation on human thermal comfort is thus unknown. This study attempts to investigate the microclimate and human thermal comfort of a recently completed Lujiazui Elevated Walkway (LEW) system in the Lujiazui CBD, Shanghai, under a hot-humid sub-tropical climate. Micrometeorological measurements and a guided questionnaire survey were carried out on peak summer days. The data analysis indicates that the LEW is thermally more uncomfortable than its ground level counterpart. Air temperature was higher, whereas wind velocity is lower on the skywalk level than on the ground level, which is counter-intuitive. The resultant physiological equivalent temperature (PET) indicates warm conditions on the ground level (with good shading) while there are hot conditions on the skywalk. Based on the empirical findings, design strategies are proposed to improve the thermal comfort conditions on the LEW, and to better support pedestrian activities in this typical high-rise high-density urban area.

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Computation, Vol. 4, Pages 27: Automatic Generation of Massively Parallel Codes from ExaSlang

Domain-specific languages (DSLs) have the potential to provide an intuitive interface for specifying problems and solutions for domain experts. Based on this, code generation frameworks can produce compilable source code. However, apart from optimizing execution performance, parallelization is key for pushing the limits in problem size and an essential ingredient for exascale performance. We discuss necessary concepts for the introduction of such capabilities in code generators. In particular, those for partitioning the problem to be solved and accessing the partitioned data are elaborated. Furthermore, possible approaches to expose parallelism to users through a given DSL are discussed. Moreover, we present the implementation of these concepts in the ExaStencils framework. In its scope, a code generation framework for highly optimized and massively parallel geometric multigrid solvers is developed. It uses specifications from its multi-layered external DSL ExaSlang as input. Based on a general version for generating parallel code, we develop and implement widely applicable extensions and optimizations. Finally, a performance study of generated applications is conducted on the JuQueen supercomputer.

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Differential deviant probability effects on two hierarchical levels of the auditory novelty system

Publication date: Available online 3 August 2016
Source:Biological Psychology
Author(s): Fran López-Caballero, Katarzyna Zarnowiec, Carles Escera
Deviance detection is a key functional property of the auditory system that allows pre-attentive discrimination of incoming stimuli not conforming to a rule extracted from the ongoing constant stimulation, thereby proving that regularities in the auditory scene have been encoded in the auditory system. Using simple-feature stimulus deviations, regularity encoding and deviance detection have been reported in brain responses at multiple latencies of the human Auditory Evoked Potential (AEP), such as the Mismatch Negativity (MMN; peaking at 100–250ms from stimulus onset) and Middle-Latency Responses (MLR; peaking at 12–50ms). More complex levels of regularity violations, however, are only indexed by AEPs generated at higher stages of the auditory system, suggesting a hierarchical organization in the encoding of auditory regularities. The aim of the current study is to further characterize the auditory hierarchy of novelty responses, by assessing the sensitivity of MLR components to deviant probability manipulations. MMNs and MLRs were recorded in 24 healthy participants, using an oddball location paradigm with three different deviant probabilities (5%, 10% and 20%), and a reversed-standard (91.5%). We analyzed differences in the MLRs elicited to each of the deviant stimuli and the reversed-standard, as well as within deviant stimuli. Our results confirmed deviance detection at the level of both MLRs and MMN, but significant differences for deviant probabilities were found only for the MMN. These results suggest a functional dissociation between regularity encoding, already present at early stages of auditory processing, and the encoding of the probability with which this regularity is disrupted, which is only processed at higher stages of the auditory hierarchy.



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Increased Ratio of Visceral to Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Septic Patients Is Associated With Adverse Outcome.

Objectives: Visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue may contribute differentially to the septic inflammatory response. Accordingly, we tested the hypothesis that the ratio of visceral to subcutaneous adipose tissue is associated with altered sepsis outcome. Design: A retrospective analysis from a cohort of sepsis patients admitted between 2004 and 2009. Setting: A mixed medical-surgical ICU at St. Paul's Hospital in Vancouver, Canada. Patients: Patients older than 16 years old who had sepsis and underwent abdominal CT scan (n = 257) for clinical reasons. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: We measured the visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue areas and calculated the visceral adipose tissue-to-subcutaneous adipose tissue ratio. Visceral adipose tissue/subcutaneous adipose tissue was not correlated with body mass index (r2 = -0.015, p = NS) and therefore provides additional unique information independent of body mass index. Sepsis patients with higher visceral adipose tissue/subcutaneous adipose tissue had greater 90-day mortality than patients with lower visceral adipose tissue/subcutaneous adipose tissue (log-rank test, linear-by linear association p

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Peripheral IV Insulin Infusion Infiltration Presenting as "Insulin Resistance".

Objectives: We present the case of a 66-year-old woman who developed hypoglycemia following the prolonged infiltration of a high dose continuous peripheral IV insulin infusion. Study Selection: Case report. Data Sources and Extraction: PubMed was searched for relevant literature on exogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. Data Synthesis: The patient was postlung transplantation and was receiving high doses of glucocorticoids. Despite increasing the peripheral IV insulin rate, hyperglycemia persisted. We discovered that the IV insulin infusion line infiltrated, resulting in a large subcutaneous insulin depot, estimated to be 450 units of regular insulin. She subsequently experienced prolonged hypoglycemia that was managed with concentrated dextrose containing fluids. In our literature search, there were no similar case reports. The literature on insulin overdose, usually from suicide attempts, can help guide the management of iatrogenic hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. Important management considerations include anticipated duration of hypoglycemia, supplemental glucose, fluid management, and electrolyte monitoring. Conclusion: Peripheral IV insulin infusion infiltration should be considered when patients do not respond to increasing rates of insulin infusion. Copyright (C) by 2016 by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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Protocolized Sepsis Care Is Not Helpful for Patients.

No abstract available

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The Target Temperature for Post Cardiac Arrest Patients Should Be 36[degrees]C.

No abstract available

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Neuromuscular Blocking Agents and Neuromuscular Dysfunction Acquired in Critical Illness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: The relationship between neuromuscular blocking agents and neuromuscular dysfunction acquired in critical illness remains unclear. We examined the association between neuromuscular blocking agents and ICU-acquired weakness, critical illness polyneuropathy, and critical illness myopathy. Data Sources: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and bibliographies of included studies were searched from database inception until September 24, 2015. Study Selection: Randomized controlled trials and prospective observational studies examining the association between neuromuscular blocking agents and ICU-acquired weakness, critical illness polyneuropathy, or critical illness myopathy. Data Extraction: One author screened titles/abstracts. Two authors independently reviewed full text and extracted data from included studies. Meta-analysis was performed using the DerSimonian-Laird random effects model (OpenMetaAnalyst 10.10 for OS.X). We assessed reporting bias with funnel plots and heterogeneity with the I2 statistic. Data Synthesis: Of 2,170 titles/abstracts screened, 99 full texts were selected for review, yielding one randomized controlled trial and 18 prospective observational studies, for a total of 2,254 patients. The randomized controlled trial did not show an association between neuromuscular blocking agents and neuromuscular dysfunction acquired in critical illness (odds ratio, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.67-2.19), but pooled data from all included studies suggested a modest association (odds ratio, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.06-1.48; I2 = 16%). Funnel plots suggested reporting bias, and sensitivity analyses showed a disproportionate contribution from critical illness polyneuropathy/critical illness myopathy and severe sepsis/septic shock studies. Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests a modest association between neuromuscular blocking agents and neuromuscular dysfunction acquired in critical illness; limitations include studies with a high risk of bias and a disproportionate contribution from studies examining patients for critical illness polyneuropathy/critical illness myopathy and those with severe sepsis/septic shock. Copyright (C) by 2016 by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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Comparing Time-Fixed Mortality Prediction Models and Their Effect on ICU Performance Metrics Using the Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3.

Objectives: To examine ICU performance based on the Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 using 30-day, 90-day, or 180-day mortality as outcome measures and compare results with 30-day mortality as reference. Design: Retrospective cohort study of ICU admissions from 2010 to 2014. Setting: Sixty-three Swedish ICUs that submitted data to the Swedish Intensive Care Registry. Patients: The development cohort was first admissions to ICU during 2011-2012 (n = 53,546), and the validation cohort was first admissions to ICU during 2013-2014 (n = 57,729). Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Logistic regression was used to develop predictive models based on a first level recalibration of the original Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 model but with 30-day, 90-day, or 180-day mortality as measures of outcome. Discrimination and calibration were excellent for the development dataset. Validation in the more recent 2013-2014 database showed good discrimination (C-statistic: 0.85, 0.84, and 0.83 for the 30-, 90-, and 180-d models, respectively), and good calibration (standardized mortality ratio: 0.99, 0.99, and 1.00; Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit H-statistic: 66.4, 63.7, and 81.4 for the 30-, 90-, and 180-d models, respectively). There were modest changes in an ICU's standardized mortality ratio grouping ( 1.00) when follow-up was extended from 30 to 90 days and 180 days, respectively; about 11-13% of all ICUs. Conclusions: The recalibrated Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 hospital outcome prediction model performed well on long-term outcomes. Evaluation of ICU performance using standardized mortality ratio was only modestly sensitive to the follow-up time. Our results suggest that 30-day mortality may be a good benchmark of ICU performance. However, the duration of follow-up must balance between what is most relevant for patients, most affected by ICU care, least affected by administrative policies and practically feasible for caregivers. Copyright (C) by 2016 by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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A Comparison of the Ability of the Physiologic Components of Medical Emergency Team Criteria and the U.K. National Early Warning Score to Discriminate Patients at Risk of a Range of Adverse Clinical Outcomes.

Objective: To compare the ability of medical emergency team criteria and the National Early Warning Score to discriminate cardiac arrest, unanticipated ICU admission and death within 24 hours of a vital signs measurement, and to quantify the associated workload. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: A large U.K. National Health Service District General Hospital. Patients: Adults hospitalized from May 25, 2011, to December 31, 2013. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: We applied the National Early Warning Score and 44 sets of medical emergency team criteria to a database of 2,245,778 vital signs sets (103,998 admissions). The National Early Warning Score's performance was assessed using the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve and compared with sensitivity/specificity for different medical emergency team criteria. Area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (95% CI) for National Early Warning Score for the combined outcome (i.e., death, cardiac arrest, or unanticipated ICU admission) was 0.88 (0.88-0.88). A National Early Warning Score value of 7 had sensitivity/specificity values of 44.5% and 97.4%, respectively. For the 44 sets of medical emergency team criteria studied, sensitivity ranged from 19.6% to 71.2% and specificity from 71.5% to 98.5%. For all outcomes, the position of the National Early Warning Score receiver-operating characteristic curve was above and to the left of all medical emergency team criteria points, indicating better discrimination. Similarly, the positions of all medical emergency team criteria points were above and to the left of the National Early Warning Score efficiency curve, indicating higher workloads (trigger rates). Conclusions: When medical emergency team systems are compared to a National Early Warning Score value of greater than or equal to 7, some medical emergency team systems have a higher sensitivity than National Early Warning Score values of greater than or equal to 7. However, all of these medical emergency team systems have a lower specificity and would generate greater workloads. Copyright (C) by 2016 by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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Cardiac Ultrasound Is a Competency of Critical Care Medicine.

No abstract available

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Long-Term Mental Health Problems After Delirium in the ICU.

Objectives: To determine whether delirium during ICU stay is associated with long-term mental health problems defined as symptoms of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Survey study, 1 year after discharge from a medical-surgical ICU in the Netherlands. Patients: One-year ICU survivors of an ICU admission lasting more than 48 hours, without a neurologic disorder or other condition that would impede delirium assessment during ICU stay. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: One year after discharge, ICU survivors received a survey containing the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale with a subscale for symptoms of depression and a subscale for symptoms of anxiety, and the Impact of Event Scale 15 item measuring symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. Participants were classified as having experienced no delirium (n = 270; 48%), a single day of delirium (n = 86; 15%), or multiple days of delirium (n = 211; 37%) during ICU stay. Log-binomial regression was used to assess the association between delirium and symptoms of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder. The study population consisted of 567 subjects; of whom 246 subjects (43%) reported symptoms of anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale with a subscale for anxiety, >= 8), and 254 (45%) symptoms of depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale with a subscale for depression, >= 8). In 220 patients (39%), the Impact of Event Scale 15 item was greater than or equal to 35, indicating a high probability of posttraumatic stress disorder. There was substantial overlap between these mental health problems-63% of the subjects who scored positive for the presence of any three of the mental health problems, scored positive for all three. No association was observed between either a single day or multiple days of delirium and symptoms of anxiety, depression, or posttraumatic stress disorder. Conclusions: Although symptoms of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder were found to be common 1 year after critical illness, the occurrence of delirium during ICU stay did not increase the risk of these long-term mental health problems. Copyright (C) by 2016 by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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Propensity score-based analysis of outcomes of laparoscopic versus open liver resection for colorectal metastases

British Journal of Surgery

http://ift.tt/2b4HTUW

Long-term effects of hepatitis B immunization of infants in preventing liver cancer

Gastroenterology

http://ift.tt/2ak6kAD

Impact of hospital volume on quality indicators for rectal cancer surgery in British Columbia, Canada

The American Journal of Surgery

http://ift.tt/2b4HFx0

Coffee and tea consumption in relation with non-alcoholic fatty liver and metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Clinical Nutrition

http://ift.tt/2ak6SGF

Short- and long-term impact of reoperation for complications after major hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Surgery

http://ift.tt/2b4HPEn

Effect of interval (7 or 11 weeks) between neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy and surgery on complete pathologic response in rectal cancer: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial (GRECCAR-6)

Journal of Clinical Oncology

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Familial colorectal cancer: Patient assessment, surveillance and surgical management

European Journal of Surgical Oncology

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Sitagliptin vs. placebo for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial

Journal of Hepatology

http://ift.tt/2ak6o2Z

Minimally invasive esophagectomy utilizing a stapled side-to-side anastomosis is safe in the western patient population

Annals of Surgical Oncology

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Effects of scFOS on the composition of fecal microbiota and anxiety in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study

Neurogastroenterology & Motility

http://ift.tt/2ak76NU

Cu and Cu/Cu2O nanoparticles modified electrode for the determination of dopamine and paracetamol

[PDF] Fabrication of novel shape

M Devaraj, R Saravanan, RK Deivasigamani, VK Gupta - Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2016

Page 1. Fabrication of novel shape Cu and Cu/Cu2O nanoparticles modified electrode
for the determination of dopamine and paracetamol Manoj Devaraj ... 13]. The synthesis
of copper nanoparticles under room temperature is more attractive ...

JAMA

In This Issue of JAMA Highlights   JAMA. 2016;316(4):369 doi:10.1001/jama.2015.14393 Viewpoint The Potential to Advance Health Care in the US Criminal Justice System   Newton E. Kendig, MD JAMA. 2016;316(4):387 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.7651 Stealth Research and Theranos: Reflections and Update 1 Year Later   John P. A. Ioannidis, MD, DSc JAMA. 2016;316(4):389 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6986 A Piece of My Mind A Word From Our Sponsors   Paul Bergl, MD JAMA. 2016;316(4):391 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.2995 Editorial Whole Brain Radiotherapy for Brain Metastases: Is the Debate Over?   Orit Kaidar-Person, MD; Carey K. Anders, MD; Timothy M. Zagar, MD JAMA. 2016;316(4):393 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.8692 Improving Birth Outcomes Key to Improving Global Health   Catherine Y. Spong, MD JAMA. 2016;316(4):395 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.9851 Trisomy 13 and 18—Treatment Decisions in a Stable Gray Zone   John D. Lantos, MD JAMA. 2016;316(4):396 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.9470 Visual Inspection and the US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation on Skin Cancer Screening   Hensin Tsao, MD, PhD; Martin A. Weinstock, MD, PhD JAMA. 2016;316(4):398 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.9850 Original Investigation Effect of Radiosurgery Alone vs Radiosurgery With Whole Brain Radiation Therapy on Cognitive Function in Patients With 1 to 3 Brain Metastases: A Randomized Clinical Trial   Paul D. Brown, MD; Kurt Jaeckle, MD; Karla V. Ballman, PhD; et al JAMA. 2016;316(4):401 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.9839 Editorial: Whole Brain Radiotherapy for Brain Metastases; Orit Kaidar-Person, MD; Carey K. Anders, MD; Timothy M. Zagar, MD Temporal Trends in Late Preterm and Early Term Birth Rates in 6 High-Income Countries in North America and Europe and Association With Clinician-Initiated Obstetric Interventions   Jennifer L. Richards, MPH; Michael S. Kramer, MD; Paromita Deb-Rinker, PhD; et al JAMA. 2016;316(4):410 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.9635 Editorial: Improving Birth Outcomes Key to Improving Global Health; Catherine Y. Spong, MD Survival and Surgical Interventions for Children With Trisomy 13 and 18   Katherine E. Nelson, MD; Laura C. Rosella, PhD; Sanjay Mahant, MD; et al JAMA. 2016;316(4):420 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.9819 Editorial: Trisomy 13 and 18—Treatment Decisions in a Stable Gray Zone; John D. Lantos, MD US Preventive Services Task Force Screening for Skin Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement   US Preventive Services Task Force JAMA. 2016;316(4):429 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.8465 Editorial: Visual Inspection and the USPSTF on Skin Cancer Screening; Hensin Tsao, MD, PhD; Martin A. Weinstock, MD, PhD Screening for Skin Cancer in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force   Karen J. Wernli, PhD, MS; Nora B. Henrikson, PhD, MPH; Caitlin C. Morrison, MPH; et al JAMA. 2016;316(4):436 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.5415 Editorial: Visual Inspection and the USPSTF on Skin Cancer Screening; Hensin Tsao, MD, PhD; Martin A. Weinstock, MD, PhD From the JAMA Network Partnering Behavioral Modification With Bariatric Surgery   Christina A. Minami, MD; Jonah J. Stulberg, MD, PhD, MPH; Eric S. Hungness, MD JAMA. 2016;316(4):448 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.9033 JAMA Clinical Challenge Cutaneous Necrosis of the Ears   Kim M. Phan, DO; Katherine H. Nguyen, MD; Nancy F. Crum-Cianflone, MD, MPH JAMA. 2016;316(4):450 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.7847 Comment & Response Clinical Criteria to Identify Patients With Sepsis   Martin Gerdin, MD, PhD; Tim Baker, MB ChB, PhD JAMA. 2016;316(4):453 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6410 Clinical Criteria to Identify Patients With Sepsis   Anil N. Makam, MD, MAS; Oanh Kieu Nguyen, MD, MAS JAMA. 2016;316(4):453 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6407 Clinical Criteria to Identify Patients With Sepsis—Reply   Christopher W. Seymour, MD, MSc; Derek C. Angus, MD, MPH JAMA. 2016;316(4):454 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6413 Defining Septic Shock   Glenn Hernández, MD, PhD; Flávia Machado, MD; Gustavo Ospina-Tascón, MD, PhD JAMA. 2016;316(4):454 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6137 Defining Septic Shock   Anja Kathrin Jaehne, MD; Namita Jayaprakash, MD, MB BCh BAO, MRCEM; Sam Langberg, MD JAMA. 2016;316(4):455 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6140 Defining Septic Shock—Reply   Manu Shankar-Hari, MD, MSc; Mervyn Singer, MD, FRCP JAMA. 2016;316(4):456 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6145 Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock   Charles L. Sprung, MD; Konrad Reinhart, MD JAMA. 2016;316(4):456 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6377 Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock   Verena Schneider-Lindner, MD, PhD; Holger A. Lindner, PhD; Manfred Thiel, MD JAMA. 2016;316(4):457 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6380 Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock   Sean R. Townsend, MD; Emanuel Rivers, MD, MPH; Lemeneh Tefera, MD, MSc JAMA. 2016;316(4):457 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6374 Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock   Shivinder Singh, MD; Sanil Mohan, MD; Ravi Singhal, MD JAMA. 2016;316(4):458 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6368 Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock—Reply   Clifford S. Deutschman, MD, MS; Mervyn Singer, MD, FRCP JAMA. 2016;316(4):458 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6389 Composition of the Sepsis Definitions Task Force   Gentle S. Shrestha, MD, FCCP JAMA. 2016;316(4):459 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6386 Composition of the Sepsis Definitions Task Force   Ellen L. Burnham, MD; Jesse Roman, MD JAMA. 2016;316(4):460 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6383 Composition of the Sepsis Definitions Task Force   Charles R. Wira III, MD; Kai E. Swenson, MD JAMA. 2016;316(4):460 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6371 Composition of the Sepsis Definitions Task Force—Reply   Clifford S. Deutschman, MD, MS; Mervyn Singer, MD, FRCP JAMA. 2016;316(4):461 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6395 Composition of the Sepsis Definitions Task Force—Reply   Todd Dorman, MD; Daniel De Backer, MD, PhD JAMA. 2016;316(4):462 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6392 Medical News & Perspectives As Walking Movement Grows, Neighborhood Walkability Gains Attention   Jennifer Abbasi JAMA. 2016;316(4):382 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.7755 Clinical Trials Update Weight Gain Not an Issue With Mediterranean Diet   Anita Slomski, MA JAMA. 2016;316(4):385 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.9068 Weight Loss And Birth Rate in Obese Women   Anita Slomski, MA JAMA. 2016;316(4):385 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.9510 Whole-Body Hyperthermia Produces Antidepressant Effect   Anita Slomski, MA JAMA. 2016;316(4):385 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.9508 Health Agencies Update NCI Launches Cancer Patient Data Repository   Jennifer Abbasi JAMA. 2016;316(4):384 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.9494 New Campaign to Focus on Physical Activity and Nutrition   Jennifer Abbasi JAMA. 2016;316(4):384 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.9492 USDA Grants Support Fruit and Vegetable Purchases   Jennifer Abbasi JAMA. 2016;316(4):384 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.8927 News From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Adults Join Kids in e-Cigarette Use   JAMA. 2016;316(4):386 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.9299 Least Severe Flu Season in 3 Years   JAMA. 2016;316(4):386 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.9300 The Art of JAMA Yellow Painting (Abstraction): Ad Reinhardt   Philip Sefton, MS JAMA. 2016;316(4):380 doi:10.1001/jama.2015.14395 Poetry and Medicine My Life   Carol Snyder Halberstadt JAMA. 2016;316(4):463 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.0554 JAMA Revisited Exercise and the Heart   JAMA. 2016;316(4):464 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.10111 JAMA Patient Page Screening for Skin Cancer   Edward H. Livingston, MD JAMA. 2016;316(4):470 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.9817 JAMA Masthead JAMA

New Journal of Oncology Practice Early Release articles

Original Contributions

Trial Design and Efficacy Thresholds for Granting Breakthrough Therapy Designation in Oncology

Kenneth A. Kern

Published 26 July 2016, 10.1200/JOP.2016.012161

Nonadherence to Oral Medications for Chronic Conditions in Breast Cancer Survivors

Jingyan Yang, et al.

Published 12 July 2016, 10.1200/JOP.2016.011742

Health Policy

Trial Design and Efficacy Thresholds for Granting Breakthrough Therapy Designation in Oncology

Kenneth A. Kern

Published 26 July 2016, 10.1200/JOP.2016.012161

Guideline Summary

Management of Chronic Pain in Survivors of Adult Cancers: ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline Summary

Judith A. Paice, et al.

Published 26 July 2016, 10.1200/JOP.2016.014837

Special Series: Quality Care Symposium

Original Contribution

What Is the Real Rate of Surgical Site Infection?

Jolyn S. Taylor, et al.

Published 26 July 2016, 10.1200/JOP.2016.011759

Presentation Summary

Patient-Reported Outcome Measures and Integration Into Electronic Health Records

Collette Pitzen, et al.

Published 26 July 2016, 10.1200/JOP.2016.014118

Infectious Disease Expert Sees Threat From Colistin-Resistant Superbug

Medical News & Perspectives

Infectious Disease Expert Sees Threat From Colistin-Resistant Superbug   

Jennifer Abbasi

New Journal of Global Oncology Early Release articles

Case Report

Multicompartmental Trigeminal Schwannomas: Dumbbell Tumors Revisited

Abhishek Mahajan, et al.

Published 27 July 2016, 10.1200/JGO.2016.006122

Commentaries

Bevacizumab in Advanced Cervical Cancer: Issues and Challenges for Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Bishal Gyawali, et al.

Published 27 July 2016, 10.1200/JGO.2016.004895

Correspondence

Androgen Deprivation Therapy–Induced Cardiovascular Disease

Manikandan Dhanushkodi

Published 27 July 2016, 10.1200/JGO.2016.006015

Reply to M. Dhanushkodi

Iya E. Bassey, et al.

Published 27 July 2016, 10.1200/JGO.2016.006130

Editorial

Strengthening Global Partnership in Breast Cancer Research

Edward L. Trimble, et al.

Published 27 July 2016, 10.1200/JGO.2016.005264

Original Reports

Symptom Levels in Care-Seeking Bangladeshi and Nepalese Adults With Advanced Cancer

Richard Reed Love, et al.

Published 27 July 2016, 10.1200/JGO.2016.004119

Special Article

Breast Cancer and African Ancestry: Lessons Learned at the 10-Year Anniversary of the Ghana-Michigan Research Partnership and International Breast Registry

Evelyn Jiagge, et al.

Published 27 July 2016, 10.1200/JGO.2015.002881

JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery

Original Investigation

Preventing Complications of Pediatric Tracheostomy Through Standardized Wound Care and Parent Education  

Philip A. Gaudreau, MD; Hannah Greenlick, RN; Tiffany Dong, BA; et al

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Published online July 28, 2016. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2016.1803

Ability of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Risk Calculator to Predict Complications Following Total Laryngectomy  

Alexander L. Schneider, MD; Christopher R. Deig, BA; Kumar G. Prasad, MD; et al

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Published online July 28, 2016. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2016.1809

A Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Early vs Late Tracheostomy  

C. Carrie Liu, MD, MPH; Luke Rudmik, MD, MSc

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Published online July 28, 2016. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2016.1829

Invited Commentary

Testing the Ability of the NSQIP Risk Calculator to Predict Laryngectomy Complications  

Vic Velanovich, MD

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Published online July 28, 2016. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2016.1861

Review

Removing the Taboo on the Surgical Violation (Cut-Through) of Cancer  

K. Thomas Robbins, MD, FRCSC; Carol R. Bradford, MD; Juan P. Rodrigo, MD, PhD; et al

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Published online July 28, 2016. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2016.1826

Observation

Mycobacterium Chelonae Sinusitis in an Immunocompetent Adult  

Melanie D. Hicks, BA; Peter S. Karempelis, MD; Seth C. Janus, MD

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Published online July 28, 2016. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2016.1865

Comment & Response

Cervical Osteomyelitis After Pharyngeal Surgical Manipulation  

Nandini Govil, MD, MPH; Nicole C. Schmitt, MD; Seungwon Kim, MD

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Published online July 28, 2016. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2016.1837

Cervical Osteomyelitis After Pharyngeal Surgical Manipulation—Reply  

Jill N. D’Souza, MD; David Cognetti, MD

New Journal of Clinical Oncology Early Release articles

Art of Oncology

A Space to Heal

Reena George, et al.

Published 1 August 2016, 10.1200/JCO.2016.68.6816

Correspondence

Reply to L.E. Daly et al

Susanne Blauwhoff-Buskermolen, et al.

Published 1 August 2016, 10.1200/JCO.2016.68.9364

Final Survival Analysis of ROSE/TRIO-012

John R. Mackey, et al.

Published 1 August 2016, 10.1200/JCO.2016.68.9182

Response to “Loss of Muscle Mass During Chemotherapy Is Predictive for Poor Survival of Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer”

Louise E. Daly, et al.

Published 1 August 2016, 10.1200/JCO.2016.68.8010

EDITORIAL

When Do Late Effects in Childhood Cancer Survivors Cease Emerging? The Endocrine Answer

Mark L. Greenberg

Published 1 August 2016, 10.1200/JCO.2016.68.9232

Can We Define and Reach Precise Goals for Precision Medicine in Cancer Care?

Howard (Jack) West

Published 1 August 2016, 10.1200/JCO.2016.68.8226

ORIGINAL REPORTS

Breast Cancer

Subtype-Dependent Relationship Between Young Age at Diagnosis and Breast Cancer Survival

Ann H. Partridge, et al.

Published 1 August 2016, 10.1200/JCO.2015.65.8013

Clinical Trials

Modified FOLFOX6 With or Without Radiation Versus Fluorouracil and Leucovorin With Radiation in Neoadjuvant Treatment of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: Initial Results of the Chinese FOWARC Multicenter, Open-Label, Randomized Three-Arm Phase III Trial

Yanhong Deng, et al.

Published 1 August 2016, 10.1200/JCO.2016.66.6198

Head and Neck Cancer

Lymph Node Count From Neck Dissection Predicts Mortality in Head and Neck Cancer

Vasu Divi, et al.

Published 1 August 2016, 10.1200/JCO.2016.67.3863

Radiation Oncology

Improved Metastasis-Free and Survival Outcomes With Early Salvage Radiotherapy in Men With Detectable Prostate-Specific Antigen After Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer

Bradley J. Stish, et al.

Published 1 August 2016, 10.1200/JCO.2016.68.3425

Thoracic Oncology

The BATTLE-2 Study: A Biomarker-Integrated Targeted Therapy Study in Previously Treated Patients With Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Vassiliki Papadimitrakopoulou, et al.

Published 1 August 2016, 10.1200/JCO.2015.66.0084