Predictive factors of 30-day mortality in patients with traumatic subdural hematoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Predictive factors of 30-day mortality in patients with traumatic subdural hematoma Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Jul;22(1):757. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10189. Epub 2021 May 13. ABSTRACT In the present study, we aimed to assess and analyze the predictive factors of 30-day mortality in patients with acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) who underwent surgical intervention after traumatic brain injury (TBI). We conducted a retrospective study, which included a cohort of 135 consecutive patients diagnosed with ASDH who required surgical evacuation. We assessed the demographic and clinical data, the imaging data of the hematoma described by preoperative computed tomography (CT) and the type of neurosurgical intervention for hematoma evacuation via either craniectomy or craniotomy. The patients were followed up for 30 days after head trauma and the occurrence of death was noted. Death was recorded in 63 (46.6%) patients at 30 days after TBI. There was a significant number of deceased patients who underwent craniectomy (71.4%). The Glasgow Com a Scale (GCS) was statistically significantly lower in patients who died (P<0.001), with a cut-off value of ≤12, under which the probability of death increased [AUC 0.830 (95% CI, 0.756-0.889); Se 90.48% (95% CI, 80.4-96.4); Sp 66.7% (95% CI, 54.6-77.3); P<0.001]. The midline shift was statistically significantly higher in deceased patients (P=0.005), with a cut-off value of >7 mm, over which the probability of death increased [AUC 0.637 (95% CI, 0.550-0.718); Se 38.1% (95% CI, 26.1-51.2); Sp 86.1% (95% CI, 75.9-93.1); P=0.003]. There were significantly more deceased patients with intracranial hypertension, brain herniation, brain swelling, intraparenchymal hematoma and cranial fracture. In multivariate analysis only a Glasgow score ≤12 and a midline shift >7 mm were independently linked to mortality. Brain herniation and intraparenchymal hematoma were associated with a higher probability of dying, but the statistical threshold was slightly exceeded. The type of neur osurgery performed for patients with ASDH was not an independent predictive factor for 30-day mortality. However, craniectomy was associated with a higher mortality in patients with ASDH. PMID:34035854 | PMC:PMC8135115 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10189 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

circSKIL promotes the ossification of cervical posterior longitudinal ligament by activating the JNK/STAT3 pathway

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader circSKIL promotes the ossification of cervical posterior longitudinal ligament by activating the JNK/STAT3 pathway Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Jul;22(1):761. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10193. Epub 2021 May 13. ABSTRACT Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is a hyperostotic spinal condition that involves genetic factors as well as non-genetic factors, and its underlying molecular mechanism is largely unknown. Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been attracting the attention of researchers since they have important regulatory roles in many diseases, including bone metabolism disorders. The present study aimed to investigate the role of circRNA SKI-like proto-oncogene (circSKIL) in OPLL disease progression. First, primary posterior longitudinal ligament cells from patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) without OPLL (control group) and CSM patients with OPLL (OPLL group) were isolated, and the expression levels of circSKIL in ligament cells was found to be significantly increased in the OPLL group compared with control. This re sult was also confirmed in OPLL tissues. Next, circSKIL was overexpressed in control ligament cells, and the proliferation, mineralization, and osteogenic differentiation of ligament cells were found to be significantly enhanced; the phosphorylation levels of both JNK and STAT3 were upregulated. By contrast, the knockdown of circSKIL in OPLL ligament cells inhibited proliferation, mineralization, and osteogenic differentiation and inactivated the JNK/STAT3 pathway. Therefore, circSKIL may have a significant role in osteogenic differentiation and could serve as a potential target to prevent OPLL progression. PMID:34035858 | PMC:PMC8135123 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10193 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

RPLP1 is highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and promotes proliferation, invasion and migration of human hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3b cells

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader RPLP1 is highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and promotes proliferation, invasion and migration of human hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3b cells Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Jul;22(1):752. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10184. Epub 2021 May 12. ABSTRACT Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common primary malignant tumor with a high mortality rate. Increasing evidence suggests that ribosomal protein LP1 (RPLP1) is involved in the progression of different types of cancer. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism of RPLP1 in HCC progression. The cellular behaviors of Hep3b cells were assessed via Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, wound healing and Transwell assays. Western blot analysis was performed to detect protein expression levels, while reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis was performed to detect mRNA expression levels. The results demonstrated that RPLP1 was highly expressed in HCC tissues and cells, and the overexpression of RPLP1 was associated with a less favorable prognosis of patients with HCC. Notably, downregulation of RPLP1 signifi cantly suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of Hep3b cells. Taken together, the results of the present study suggested that RPLP1 acts as an oncogene in HCC, and thus may be used to treat patients with HCC. PMID:34035849 | PMC:PMC8135124 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10184 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Role of bone morphogenic protein-4 in gestational diabetes mellitus-related hypertension

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Role of bone morphogenic protein-4 in gestational diabetes mellitus-related hypertension Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Jul;22(1):762. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10194. Epub 2021 May 13. ABSTRACT Hyperglycaemia stimulates the synthesis and release of bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) in vascular endothelial cells, which further induces peroxide production and inflammatory responses, leading to vascular endothelial dysfunction. However, the role of BMP-4 in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)-related vascular endothelial dysfunction remains unclear. In the present study, the hypothesis that the overexpression of BMP-4 would induce GDM-related hypertension by impairing vascular endothelial function was evaluated. An animal model of GDM was established in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Based on blood pressure, rats were divided into control, GDM and GDM + hypertension (HT) groups. The expression levels of BMP-4, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 1 (NOX-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) in the endothelium of the abdominal aorta of rats in each group were determined via immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Pregnant SD rats were divided into four groups, separately infused with BMP-4, BMP-4 + noggin, noggin or vehicle by osmotic pumps, and blood pressure and vasorelaxation were examined. Immunohistochemistry indicated that the expression levels of the four proteins were lower in the control group than in the GDM and GDM + HT groups. The positive expression rate of VCAM-1 was significantly lower in the control group than in the GDM and GDM+HT groups, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=17.325, P<0.05; χ2=10.080, P<0.05). Western blotting revealed that the expression level of the COX-2 protein exhibited a sequential increase in the three groups. The expression level of COX-2 in the control and GDM groups was significantly lower than that in the GDM+HT group (3.358±1.286; P<0.05 and P<0.05, respectiv ely). The expression level of VCAM-1 protein in the three groups also exhibited a significant sequential increase (F=31.732; P≤0.001). The expression level of VCAM-1 in the control and GDM groups was significantly lower than that in the GDM+HT group (2.698±0.223; P≤0.001 and P≤0.001, respectively). Infusion of BMP-4 increased systolic blood pressure (from 82 to 112 mmHg) and impaired vasorelaxation in pregnant SD rats after 2 weeks. Co-treatment with noggin completely blocked BMP-4-induced effects. Thus, the BMP-4/NOX-1/COX-2 signalling pathway may be involved in GDM-related hypertension, but VCAM-1 may be substantially associated with GDM-related hypertension. Furthermore, overexpression of BMP-4 could lead to hypertension by impairing endothelial function in pregnancy. PMID:34035859 | PMC:PMC8135139 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10194 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

COVID-19-related thyroid conditions (Review)

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader COVID-19-related thyroid conditions (Review) Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Jul;22(1):756. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10188. Epub 2021 May 13. ABSTRACT In patients who were not previously diagnosed with any thyroid conditions, the scenario of COVID-19-related anomalies of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axes may include either: A process of central thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) disturbances via virus-related hypophysitis; an atypical type of subacute thyroiditis which is connected to the virus spread or to excessive cytokine production including a destructive process with irreversible damage of the gland or low T3 (triiodothyronine) syndrome (so called non-thyroid illness syndrome) which is not specifically related to the COVID-19 infection, but which is associated with a very severe illness status. Our objective here was to briefly review thyroid changes due to the COVID-19 infection. Ongoing assessment of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic will reveal more information on coronavirus-in duced thyroid conditions. Routine thyroid assays performed in patients with severe infection/at acute phase of COVID-19 are encouraged in order to detect thyrotoxicosis. After recovery, thyroid function should be assessed to identify potential hypothyroidism. There remain unanswered questions related to the prognostic value of interleukin-6 in infected patients, especially in cases with cytokine storm, and the necessity of thyroid hormone replacement in subjects with hypophysitis-related central hypothyroidism. PMID:34035853 | PMC:PMC8135141 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10188 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Septin 4 activates PPARγ/LXRα signaling by upregulating ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression to inhibit the formation of THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Septin 4 activates PPARγ/LXRα signaling by upregulating ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression to inhibit the formation of THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Jul;22(1):763. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10195. Epub 2021 May 13. ABSTRACT Septin 4 is a member of a family of GTP-binding proteins that has been previously reported regulate cytoskeletal organization. In addition, it has been suggested to serve a role in atherosclerosis. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of Septin 4 on foam cell formation. THP-1 cells were first exposed to phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate for differentiation into macrophages before being transformed into foam cells by treatment with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Septin 4 expression was then knocked down or overexpressed in THP-1 cells using transfection, whilst peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) was also inhibited using its selective antagonist (T0070907) in the presence of Septin 4 overexpression. Oil red staining was used to detect lipid uptake, and total cholesterol (TC), free cholesterol (F C) and ATP binding cassette subfamily A/G member 1 (ABCA1/G1) protein expression were also measured. The results demonstrated that upon ox-LDL stimulation, macrophages that were derived from THP-1 cells transformed into foam cells, where Septin 4 was highly expressed in ox-LDL-induced foam cells. Septin 4 knockdown promoted TC and FC levels, but reduced ABCA1/G1 protein expression. The protein expression levels of PPARγ and liver X receptor α (LXRα) were also decreased after Septin 4 knockdown. However, Septin 4 overexpression resulted in the opposite results being observed. Additionally, blocking PPARγ activity using its inhibitor T0070907 or knocking down LXRα expression using short hairpin RNA reversed the effects of Septin 4 overexpression on foam cell formation and cholesterol handling. In conclusion, Septin 4 may serve an important role in preventing foam cell formation by activating PPARγ/LXRα signaling and subsequently enhancing ABCA1/G1 expression. PMID:34035860 | PMC:PMC8135116 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10195 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Long non-coding RNA LUCAT1 promotes the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma via the microRNA-375/YAP1 axis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Long non-coding RNA LUCAT1 promotes the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma via the microRNA-375/YAP1 axis Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Jul;22(1):754. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10186. Epub 2021 May 12. ABSTRACT Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common renal cell carcinoma with a high mortality rate. Lung cancer-associated transcript 1 (LUCAT1) has been reported to be a potential biomarker of prognosis in human ccRCC. However, the underlying mechanism of the function of LUCAT1 in ccRCC remains poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of LUCAT1 in ccRCC. The expression level of LUCAT1, microRNA-375 (miR-375) and yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) in ccRCC tissues and cells was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, and the protein level of YAP1 was detected by western blotting. The effects of LUCAT1 on cell proliferation, migration and invasion were analyzed using Cell Counting Kit-8 and Transwell assays. The association between miR-375 and LUCAT1 or miR-375 and YAP1 was predicted by l ncBase Predicted v.2 or TargetScan and verified using dual-luciferase reporter assay. The effect of LUCAT1 on ccRCC progression in vivo was evaluated using a xenograft tumor model. The results revealed that LUCAT1 and YAP1 were upregulated and miR-375 was downregulated in ccRCC tissues and cells. LUCAT1 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion, which were reversed by the inhibition of miR-375. In addition, YAP1 overexpression attenuated the inhibitory effects of miR-375 overexpression on cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Subsequent experiments suggested that LUCAT1 regulated YAP1 expression by sponging miR-375. Therefore, LUCAT1 exerted its role by regulating the miR-375/YAP1 axis in vitro. Moreover, LUCAT1 knockdown suppressed the growth of ccRCC xenograft tumors in vivo. These results collectively revealed that LUCAT1 promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of ccRCC by the upregulation of YAP1 via sponging miR -375, which may be used as a potential therapeutic target for ccRCC. PMID:34035851 | PMC:PMC8135135 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10186 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Management of large inflammatory dentigerous cysts adapted to the general condition of the patient: Two case reports

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Management of large inflammatory dentigerous cysts adapted to the general condition of the patient: Two case reports Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Jul;22(1):750. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10182. Epub 2021 May 12. ABSTRACT Dentigerous cysts may be of developmental or inflammatory origin. The latter occur in unerupted permanent teeth as a result of inflammation from a preceding non-vital primary tooth or from another source spreading to involve the tooth follicle. This report presents two clinical cases of children with dentigerous cysts of inflammatory origin. Case 1 is a healthy boy (7 years 11 months) referred for a large cystic cavity in the right mandibular premolar region. Extraction of 84 and 85 and marsupialization of the cyst were performed under nitrous sedation. A removable appliance with an acrylic piece fitted into the socket was applied on the same occasion. The in-socket piece was progressively reduced as the cystic cavity was shrinking. After a 20-month follow-up, 44 and 45 are sound and correctly erupted and 46 remains unaffected. Case 2 is an autist ic girl (10 years 9 months) with bilateral large odontogenic cysts enclosing the crowns of 35 and 45. Extractions of 75, 85 were performed under general anesthesia, leaving large bone defects. Given the limited compliance of the patient under common dental office circumstances, no appliance was used. Thirteen months after extraction, 35 and 45 are sound, fully erupted and no visible mesial drifting of 36 and 46 occurred. In conclusion, conservative treatment of large inflammatory dentigerous cysts in children gives good results with minimal intervention, ensures physiologic development of teeth and proper bone healing. The general condition of the patient can influence treatment choice. Patients must be followed up until eruption of the displaced permanent teeth and bony consolidation of the cyst. PMID:34035847 | PMC:PMC8135138 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10182 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Is it the coracobrachialis superior muscle, or is it an unidentified rare variant of coracobrachialis muscle?

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Is it the coracobrachialis superior muscle, or is it an unidentified rare variant of coracobrachialis muscle? Via radiol anat Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 May 26. doi: 10.1007/s00276-021-02773-y. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The coracobrachialis muscle (CBM) originates from the apex of the coracoid process, in common with the short head of the biceps brachii muscle, and from the intermuscular septum. The CBM demonstrates variability in both the proximal and distal attachment, with some extremely rare varieties, such as the coracobrachialis superior, coracobrachialis longus and coracocapsularis muscle. This case report describes an extremely rare variant of the coracobrachialis superior muscle, or a very rare variant of the CBM. Our findings highlight the importance of muscle variants in the shoulder region, especially the coracoid region, and are significant for radiologists, anatomists, physiotherapists and surgeons specializing in the shoulder joint. PMID:34037825 | DOI:10.1007/s00276-021-02773-y View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Pharyngeal reflux episodes in patients with suspected laryngopharyngeal reflux versus healthy subjects: a prospective cohort study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Pharyngeal reflux episodes in patients with suspected laryngopharyngeal reflux versus healthy subjects: a prospective cohort study Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 May 25. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-06865-8. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: This study aimed to analyze pharyngeal reflux episodes in patients with suspected LPR versus healthy subjects using 24-h MII-pH monitoring. METHODS: One hundred twenty-one patients who visited our clinic with a chief complaint of LPR-related symptoms and underwent 24-h MII-pH monitoring were enrolled prospectively. Also, 27 healthy subjects were enrolled and underwent 24-h MII-pH monitoring during the same period. We analyzed sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy comprehensively to determine appropriate cut-off values of pharyngeal reflux episodes in 24-h MII-pH monitoring to diagnose patients with LPR. RESULTS: Twenty-nine of 121 patients with suspected LPR showed no pharyngeal reflux episodes, while 92 showed more than one pharyngeal reflux event. In contrast, the 22 healthy subjects showed no pharyngeal refl ux episodes, three showed one reflux event, and two showed two reflux events. A cut-off value of ≥ 1 showed best accuracy reflected by combined sensitivity and specificity values, while ≥ 2 demonstrated better specificity with slight loss of sensitivity and slightly lower overall accuracy, suggesting cut-off value of ≥ 1 pharyngeal reflux episodes is a good clinical indicator. CONCLUSION: A cut-off value of ≥ 1 in pharyngeal reflux episodes on 24-h MII-pH monitoring in patients with suspected LPR might be an acceptable diagnostic tool for LPR. PMID:34036423 | DOI:10.1007/s004 05-021-06865-8 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.