Facial Plast SurgDOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1712163The complex curved contours of the zygomatic regions are difficult to analyze. Therefore, a better evaluation medium must be developed. We aimed to examine and summarize the morphological characteristics of the zygomatic region by using a moiré pattern map and computer algorithm. In this cross-sectional study, we collected three-dimensional images of the facial contours of 251 Han Chinese youth and established a morphological moiré map database. Clustering...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 02:00
LaryngorhinootologieDOI: 10.1055/a-1189-6301© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents | Full text
Wed Jun 03, 2020 02:00
Abstract Rationale Pavlovian conditioned approach paradigms are used to characterize the nature of motivational behaviors in response to stimuli as either directed toward the cue (i.e., sign-tracking) or the site of reward delivery (i.e., goal-tracking). Recent evidence has shown that activity of the endocannabinoid system increases dopaminergic activity in the mesocorticolimbic system, and other studies have shown that sign-tracking behaviors...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
Abstract Rationale The long-held speculation that the brain serotonin system mediates some behavioral effects of the psychostimulant cocaine is supported in part by the high affinity of cocaine for the serotonin transporter (SERT) and by reports that the serotonin transporter (SERT), estimated by SERT binding, is increased in brain of human chronic cocaine users. Excessive SERT activity and consequent synaptic serotonin deficiency might...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
We present analyses of the genome of a ~34,000-year-old hominin skull cap discovered in the Salkhit Valley in North East Mongolia. We show that this individual was a female member of a modern human population that, following the split between East and West Eurasians, experienced substantial gene flow from West Eurasians. Both she and a 40,000-year-old individual from Tianyuan outside Beijing carried genomic segments of Denisovan ancestry. These segments derive from the same Denisovan admixture event(s)...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
All organisms encode enzymes that replicate, maintain, pack, recombine, and repair their genetic material. For this reason, mutation rates and biases also evolve by mutation, variation, and natural selection. By examining metagenomic time series of the Lenski long-term evolution experiment (LTEE) with Escherichia coli (Good, et al. 2017), we find that local mutation rate variation has evolved during the LTEE. Each LTEE population has evolved idiosyncratic differences in their rates of point mutations,...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
Traits that are unused in a given environment are subject to processes that tend to erode them, leading to reduced fitness in other environments. Although this general tendency is clear, we know much less about why some traits are lost while others are retained, and about the roles of mutation and selection in generating different responses. We addressed these issues by examining populations of a facultative anaerobe, Escherichia coli, that have evolved for >30 years in the presence of oxygen,...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
The evolution of mate preferences may depend on natural selection acting on the mating cues and on the underlying genetic architecture. While the evolution of assortative mating with respect to locally adapted traits has been well-characterized, the evolution of disassortative mating is poorly characterized. Here we aim at understanding the evolution of disassortative mating for traits under strong balancing selection, by focusing on polymorphic mimicry as an illustrative example. Positive frequency-dependent...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
Disease susceptibility and defense are important factors in conservation, particularly for elephants. We report that in addition to endotheliotropic herpesvirus and tuberculosis, Asian elephants are also more susceptible to cancer than African elephants. To determine mechanisms underlying elephant traits including disease resistance, we analyzed genomic datasets from multiple individuals and species. We report a draft genome assembly for the Asian elephant and an improved African elephant assembly....
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
Natural variation in plant pathogens has an impact on food security and ecosystem health. The rice blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae, which limits rice production in all rice-growing areas, is structured into multiple lineages. Diversification and the maintenance of multiple rice blast lineages have been proposed to be due to separation in different areas and differential adaptation to rice subspecies. However, the precise world distribution of rice blast populations, and the factors controlling their...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
We studied a family of iflaviruses, a group of RNA viruses frequently found in arthropods, focusing on viruses associated with ticks. Our aim was to bring insight on the evolutionary dynamics of this group of viruses, which may interact with the biology of ticks. We explored systematically de novo RNA-Seq assemblies available for species of ticks which allowed to identify nine new genomes of iflaviruses. The phylogeny of virus sequences was not congruent with that of the tick hosts, suggesting recurrent...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
Strong selection can cause rapid evolutionary change, but temporal fluctuations in the form, direction and intensity of selection can limit net evolutionary change over longer time periods. Fluctuating selection could affect molecular diversity levels and the evolution of plasticity and ecological specialization. Nonetheless, this phenomenon remains understudied, in part because of analytical limitations and the general difficulty of detecting selection that does not occur in a consistent manner....
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
Abstract Dexamethasone can alleviate the severity of bronchial and alveolar edema and therefore is widely applied in the treatment of various exudative diseases including pulmonary edema. However, the effectiveness of dexamethasone is still being questioned and its mechanism is not fully understood. Aquaporins (AQPs) are mainly responsible for the transmembrane transport of water, which is tightly associated with pulmonary edema. Small...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
Abstract Although obesity is associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the underlying molecular mechanism still remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the effects of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity on the development of experimental colitis in mice. The C57BL/6 mice were fed with a HFD for 12 weeks to develop obesity. The concentrations of free fatty acids (FFA), triglycerides, and cholesterol in plasma were significantly...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
A place for your bottles. (Scott Warman via Unsplash/)Wine enjoys a unique place among its peers by being one of the few alcoholic beverages that is readily, and appreciably, displayed like a work of art (beer is lucky to have its own minifridge). Whether you have only a small countertop or an entire room to devote to your love of wine, a good wine rack will help preserve bottles and create a monument to your impeccable taste.From compact to elaborate, here some great wine rack to help you shine...
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“Nonlethal” weapons, like rubber bullets, have been used by police personnel since the 1880s and they are far more dangerous than they may seem. (Unsplash /)Fifteen minutes before curfew at 9 p.m. in Minneapolis, on May 29th, photojournalist Linda Tirado lost her left eye. She doesn’t remember much from the rest of the night, only the feeling of her face exploding and her goggles shattering. “I squeezed my eyes shut and started screaming,” Tirado says.Someone grabbed her hand and pulled her out of...
01:27
Don’t skip the noonday meal. (Ella Olsson via Unsplash/)Remembering to pack a lunch on your way out the door can be challenging. If forgetting means you can justify a fancy lunch out, it’s even harder to make a commitment to preparing something ahead of time. But fancy lunches add up, don’t necessarily fit with your healthy eating plan, and can eat up your lunch break while you’re waiting for your food. These lovely lunch bags solve some of the most common objections to prepping the noonday meal...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 23:18
Let them have some iPad time. (iStock/)Nermeen Dashoush, Ph.D., is a mother of two and a clinical assistant professor of Early Childhood Education at Boston University. She was a classroom teacher for over 10 years in New York City. This story originally featured on Working Mother.I have given a lot of advice to parents during my career as a New York City classroom teacher and professor of early childhood education. About five days into the COVID-19 quarantine, I found myself answering work emails...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 23:00
With the help of a mummified fossil, paleontologists got an incredibly rare look at a dinosaur’s last meal. (Illustration by Julius Csotonyi, Royal Tyrrell Museum of Paleontology /)A mummified armored dinosaur found in present-day Canada is giving paleontologists a peak into the eating habits of herbivores that lived 110 million years ago. Fossilized plants preserved in the carcass’s belly reveal that it was dining on a fresh crop of ferns that sprung up after a fire. The soccer ball-sized mass was...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 21:00
You have a good chunk of your life in your inbox. Don't let anything go missing. (Torsten Dettlaff/Pexels/)You most likely have a mountain of messages archived in your inbox at the moment. And with more arriving every day, finding a particular email can be quite a challenge.Don’t despair, though. There are ways you can unearth that correspondence, even if you only half-remember what it was about or when it came in. You have different tools depending on your email app of choice, and if you use them...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 19:14
Signal is open-sourced so you can tell what's happening behind-the-scenes. (Signal/)You may not have heard of the app called Signal, but its user experience feels similar to many other video call and chat apps you’ve probably used in the past. In recent years, Signal has become a go-to tool for journalists and others who want to ensure the privacy of their communications. With more chat app options than ever vying for space on your phone, paying attention to privacy is extremely important.If you’re...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 17:59
After his first race in an adult league, Dan Inman says, “I decided to roll up my sleeves and figure out how to be competitive.” (Heami Lee/)Popular Science’s Play issue is now available to everyone. Read it now, no app or credit card required.Dan Inman had anticipated this moment for months. It was the first Saturday of December 2018—tournament day—and he thought the cars he’d built could outperform anyone’s. They were compact. Sleek. Speedy. He watched anxiously as his pinewood derby racers took...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 15:00
Wed Jun 03, 2020 23:37
Wed Jun 03, 2020 23:28
Abstract Purpose Regarding the role of inflammation in progression of diabetes this study was conducted to investigate the association between inflammatory biomarkers such as nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) with the chance of existence of diabetic retinopathy and its progression in patients with diabetes. ...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
Recent articles in the Chronicle of Higher Education and the Scientist both highlight the fact that graduate students are disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 crisis. Graduate students at Duke University have given their institution a list of demands that include dispensing with fees, standardized work conditions that don’t put them at risk, and many more. The challenges and concerns they illuminate are just as applicable to anthropology graduate students as well. [pquote]We need a new anthropology....
Wed Jun 03, 2020 23:45
At a time when COVID-19 causes economic and market turmoil, milestones marking financial success and stability may seem part of a distant past. Yet, less than six months before Norway entered lockdown due to the coronavirus, the country celebrated just such a moment. The cause for that celebration is crucial for the solid state of the Norwegian economy, as the minister of finance recently declared, and the government’s concomitant ability to respond to the situation through economic policies. It...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 21:30
The COVID-19 pandemic is not just about the spread of a virus. It is a social phenomenon that reveals a deeper and more silent disease that affects our metropoles. In his seminal work, The City in History, Lewis Mumford discussed the historical trajectory of Rome, from the vital cosmopolitan center to its late decline, from “megalopolis” to “necropolis.” The discussion focused on the sociocultural relationship among its citizens and the development of a dysfunctional and oppressive political structure....
Wed Jun 03, 2020 19:30
The benefit of surgical management in post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathy: a retrospective analysis
Post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathy (PTTN) is a known complication of common oral and maxillofacial procedures. The burden on the patient and society is often underestimated. This retrospective study included 29 patients with PTTN who underwent surgical treatment. Symptoms were differentiated, pre- and postoperatively, into neuropathic discomfort and loss of perceptive function. Clinical and patient-reported outcomes were recorded. The Brief Pain Inventory questionnaire was completed at the last...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
There is a low incidence of serious complications with the Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy, but avascular necrosis is a serious problem that occurs at a higher frequency in the cleft population compared to non-cleft patients. In this retrospective study, cleft patients who had exhibited any manifestation of avascular necrosis of the maxilla following a Le Fort I advancement were identified. Five patients were found to have had vascular compromise, ranging from loss of gingival tissue to necrosis of...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
Successful intrasinus graft consolidation is essential for the treatment outcome of transalveolar sinus floor elevation (SFE). This study was performed to examine the dynamics and risk indicators related to the elevation height after transalveolar SFE with grafting material and simultaneous implant placement. Fifty-two patients with 55 sites undergoing transalveolar SFE with immediate implant placement were enrolled retrospectively. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were collected and saved...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
Cranial reconstruction after bone graft harvesting remains a challenge. A patient-specific implant (PSI) to guide harvesting and reconstruction was evaluated and compared with the use of a free-hand procedure with calcium phosphate cement (C). Patients were randomized to either the PSI or C group. The outcome was measured clinically and radiographically as the primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints were ease of application, patient and surgeon satisfaction, and the complication rate. Twenty patients...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
The primary objective was to analyze and compare the effects of the voiced high-frequency oscillation (VHFO) and Lax Vox techniques in different performance times. The secondary objective was to determine if there were any differences between the exercises in men and women.
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
Filler injection or implantation is a progressing revolutionary subject. Although the widely available kinds in many implications are considered safe, post filler adverse events are not uncommon. These reactions range from mild reactions such as edema or erythema to detrimental reactions such as recurrent infected granuloma or vascular occlusion, which are predominantly related to non-FDA approved materials. Here, we presented a patient with a significant history of gluteal augmentation using unlicensed...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 16:50
Although disorders and treatments of the ears, nose, and throat (ENT) were described in ancient Indian, Chinese, and Greek texts, otolaryngology–head and neck surgery as a specialty began in the Western world in the nineteenth century, when doctors figured out that the ears, the nose, and the throat are closely connected by a system of tubes and passages. An important new medical specialty was thus born. ENT problems are the most common reasons for physician visits around the world, both in developing...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
Abstract Transurethral endoscopic incision is an established treatment option for management of obstructing ureterocele. It can be performed using monopolar electrocautery or holmium laser as an energy source. The present study was carried out to evaluate outcomes of transurethral ureterocele incision (TUI) by two different energy sources, i.e., monopolar electrocautery versus holmium laser. A retrospective review of the data of all patients who underwent endoscopic TUI from 2007–2017...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
Dominance rank among female mountain gorillas is not related to body size but does increase their reproductive output according to new research.
Wed Jun 03, 2020 21:43
What is and is not possible for natural evolution may be explained using models and calculations from theoretical physics, say researchers. To explain this the limits of evolution, researchers simplified the natural world to fit idealized physics models and searched for any mathematical structure within biological complexity.
Fri May 29, 2020 22:06
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