Anemia in Non–Dialysis-Dependent CKD: To Treat or Not to Treat?

Anemia is frequently experienced by patients with non–dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (NDD-CKD).1 The prevalence varies with the definition of anemia, but increases to ∼50% in CKD stage 4/5. For many patients, anemia causes unpleasant symptoms, such as fatigue and shortness of breath. In recent years, the recognition of serious adverse risks associated with erythropoietin analogue treatment may have drawn attention away from the importance of anemia-related symptoms. Depending on severity and duration, these symptoms can significantly degrade the richness and quality of a patient's life.

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