Investigating sulfoxide to sulfone conversion as a prodrug strategy for a PI4K inhibitor in a humanized mouse model of malaria [Experimental Therapeutics]

The in vivo antimalarial efficacies of two PI4K inhibitors, a 3,5-diaryl-2-aminopyrazine sulfoxide and its corresponding sulfone metabolite, were evaluated in the NOD-scid IL2R^null (NSG) murine malaria disease model of Plasmodium falciparum infection. We hypothesized that the sulfoxide would serve as a more soluble prodrug for the sulfone, which would lead to improved drug exposure on oral dosing. Both compounds had similar efficacy (ED₉₀ 0.1 mg.kg^–1) across a quadruple-dose regimen. Pharmacokinetic profiling revealed rapid sulfoxide clearance via conversion to the sulfone with the latter identified as the major active metabolite. When the sulfoxide was dosed, the exposure of the sulfone achieved was as much as 2.9-fold higher than when the sulfone was directly dosed, thereby demonstrating that the sulfoxide served as an effective prodrug for the treatment of malaria.

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