Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Youth: Relation to Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Cardiometabolic risk factors associated with the development of insulin resistance (IR), such as obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, promote the development of atherosclerosis. These cardiovascular risk factors not only are evident in youth, but also are known to track into adulthood. Unfortunately, risk factor-related vascular changes are occurring early in life, as seen in data from autopsies performed on participants in the Bogalusa Heart Study, where adverse values of body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), smoking, and serum cholesterol—specifically total, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol—were associated with coronary and aortic fatty streaks in subjects aged 2-39 years.

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