Renal toxicity and chemotherapy in children with cancer Nephrotoxicity and cancer treatment

Abstract

Antineoplastic drugs' clinical use can be limited by different drug-induced toxicities. Of these, renal dysfunction may be one of the most troublesome in that it can be cumulative and in general is only partially reversible with the discontinuation of the treatment. Renal toxicity may be manifested as a reduction of the glomerular filtration rate, electrolyte imbalances, or frank renal failure.

Careful assessment of renal function has to be performed taking into account that the impairment of the renal function is initially silent and only later may be clinically dramatic. When clinically indicated, the reduction or, in cases of severe nephrotoxicity, the suspension of chemotherapy should be considered avoiding the progressive deterioration of the compromised glomerular and/or tubular function.

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