1.The efficacy of anti‐malarial drugs has decreased due to ongoing multidrug resistance problem to current drugs.
2.New generation anti‐malarial and novel drug target are required to check the incidence of malaria resistance.
3.Hypothetical proteins (makes 51% of the expressed proteins) in P. falciparum can be regarded as novel drug targets.
4.Computational approaches towards drug development are widely accepted as it helps in reducing the cost and time.
Abstract
Malaria is the most lethal and debilitating disease caused by the protozoan parasite Plasmodium worldwide. The most severe forms of disease and the incidence rates of mortality are associated with P. falciparum infections. With the identification of disease source and symptoms, many chemical entities were developed naturally and synthetically for administration as a potential anti‐malarial drug. The major classes of approved anti‐malarial drugs that are governed as first‐line treatment in tropical and sub‐tropical areas include quinolines, naphthoquinones, antifolates, 8‐aminoquinolines, and endoperoxides. However, the efficacy of anti‐malarial drugs has decreased due to ongoing multidrug resistance problem to current drugs. With increasing resistance to the current anti‐malarial artemisinin and its combination therapies, malaria prophylaxis has declined gradually. New generation anti‐malarial and novel drug target are required to check the incidence of malaria resistance. This review summarizes the emergence of multidrug resistance to known anti‐malarial and development of new anti‐malarial to resolve drug resistance condition. Few essential proteins are also discussed that can be considered as novel drug target against malaria in future.
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