Mesenchymal Chondrosarcomas Showing Immunohistochemical Evidence of Rhabdomyoblastic Differentiation: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall

The diagnosis of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, a distinctive biphasic malignant neoplasm harboring the HEY1-NCOA2 gene fusion and consisting of primitive round to spindled cells admixed with foci of relatively mature hyaline cartilage, is usually straightforward by morphological evaluation alone. However, in the setting of a limited biopsy, specimens lacking cartilage generate a broad differential diagnosis, encompassing a variety of other primitive sarcomas, including spindle cell/ sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma.

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