Does Lidocaine Gel Decrease Procedural Pain for Pediatric Urethral Catheterization?

Of 211 potentially relevant studies identified, authors included 5 North American studies for analysis, with 369 patients. Four of these studies were randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trials, and the remaining study was a randomized single-blind placebo-controlled trial. Four studies evaluated patients younger than 4 years in the emergency department (ED) who were undergoing transurethral bladder catheterization for urine collection, comparing lidocaine 2% gel and nonanesthetic gel, and one study evaluated patients aged 4 to 11 years in an outpatient setting, comparing lidocaine 2% gel and chlorhexidine gel for cystogram.

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