Ultrasound in polyneuropathies – Is size or structure all that matters?

Polyneuropathies (PNPs) are systemic disorders of the peripheral nervous system, that may variably affect motor, sensory and autonomic nerve fibers. The etiological classification of PNPs still remains a challenging aspect of ongoing research, especially taking into account, that the early identification and therapy of immune-mediated causes may improve the functional outcome of the patient (Viala et al., 2010; Joint Task Force of the EFNS and the PNS, 2010). The continuous need for objective, morphological description of pathological peripheral nerve conditions led over the time to the development of different ultrasound measures and protocols, capable of quantifying and scoring the examiner's observations (Kerasnoudis et al., 2014a, 2016; Grimm et al., 2016; Padua et al., 2012).

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