Effectiveness of psychological interventions delivered by non-psychologists on low back pain and disability: a qualitative systematic review.

Publication date: Available online 26 July 2017
Source:The Spine Journal
Author(s): Geoff P. Bostick
Background ContextPsychological treatments delivered by non-psychologists have been proposed as a way to increase access to care to address important psychological barriers to recovery in people with low back pain (LBP).PurposeSynthesize randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assess the effectiveness of psychological interventions delivered by non-psychologists in reducing pain intensity and disability in adults with LBP, compared to usual care.Study DesignSystematic review without meta-analysisMethodsRCTs including adult patients with all types of musculoskeletal LBP were eligible. Interventions included those based on psychological principles and delivered by non-psychologists. The primary outcomes of interest were self-reported pain intensity and disability. Information sources included: Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Registrar for Controlled Trials. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias was used for the evaluation of internal validity.Results1101 records were identified, 159 were assessed for eligibility, 16 were critically appraised and 11 studies included. Mild to moderate risk of bias was present in the included studies with personnel and patient blinding, treatment fidelity and attrition being the most common sources of bias. Considerable heterogeneity existed for patient population, intervention components and comparison groups. Although most studies demonstrated statistical and clinical improvements in pain and disability, few were statistically superior to the comparison group.ConclusionsConsistent with the broader psychological literature, psychological interventions delivered by non-psychologists have modest effects on low back pain and disability. Additional high quality research is needed to understand what patients are likely to respond to psychological interventions, the appropriate dose to achieve the desired outcome, the amount of training required to implement psychological interventions and the optimal procedures to ensure treatment fidelity.



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