Survival of adjacent‐dental‐implants in prediabetic and systemically healthy subjects at 5‐years follow‐up

Abstract

Background

Long‐term survival of adjacent dental implants (ADI) in prediabetic patients remained uninvestigated.

Purpose

This 5 years' follow‐up clinical study compared the survival of adjacent implants in prediabetic and nondiabetic subjects.

Materials and Methods

Prediabetic (group‐A) and nondiabetic (group‐B) subjects having undergone dental rehabilitation using ADI were assessed. Data about sex, age treatment and period (in years) since diagnosis of prediabetes, and family history of diabetes was gathered and haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were recorded. Dental implant related data (dimensions, loading protocol, surface characteristics, restoration type, and duration in function) was recorded. Depth of probing (PD), bleeding‐on‐probing (BOP), and plaque index (PI) were measured and mesial and distal crestal bone loss (CBL) were recorded. P values less than .05 were contemplated as statistically‐significant.

Results

Seventy‐nine male individuals (39 in group‐A and 40 in group‐B) were included. Subjects in groups ‐A and ‐B were 54.3 ± 3.6 and 51.2 ± 2.4 years old, respectively. In group‐A, subjects were diagnosed with prediabetes 5.4 ± 0.2 years ago. Patients in group‐A more often had a family history of diabetes than group‐B. Thirty‐nine and 40 ADI were placed in patients in groups ‐A and ‐B, respectively. Tooth‐brushing once daily was reported by 79.5% and 82.5% individuals in groups ‐A and ‐B, respectively. Peri‐implant PI (P<.001), BOP (P<.001), PD (P<.001), mesial (P<.001), and distal (P<.001) CBL and HbA1c levels (P<.001) were higher in group‐A than group‐B. The implant survival rate in group‐A and group‐B was 100% and 100%, respectively.

Conclusion

Although ADI can survive in prediabetic patients in the long‐term; soft‐tissue inflammation and CBL are worse around adjacent implants in these patients compared with nondiabetic controls.

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