Microdialysis to quantify inflammatory cytokines in the glenohumeral joint: A brief methods report.

Microdialysis quantifies in vivo soft-tissue biochemical concentrations via passive diffusion of interstitial molecules through a porous membrane into a dialysate. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate a technique to measure inflammatory cytokines associated with rotator cuff tendinopathy by inserting a microdialysis catheter into the posterior glenohumeral joint (GHJ). The technique was tested in a convenience sample of six pain-free, able-bodied Veterans. Complete dialysate samples were collected in two participants. Two participants' sample volumes were smaller than what was required for analysis (30μL) and thus were diluted. Catheter failures in two participants prevented collection altogether. Three cytokine concentrations were quantified: interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), IL-8, and Regulated on Activation, Normal T-cell Expressed and Secreted (RANTES). Microdialysis is not recommended for use in the GHJ, yet quantification of GHJ cytokines could yield valuable information to better understand pathophysiology of the joint and its surrounding tissues. Another technique, such as joint lavage, may be a more attractive alternative to overcome the limitations of microdialysis in the GHJ. Address all correspondences to: Nathan S Hogaboom, PhD, Kessler Foundation, 1199 Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ 07052. Phone: 973-243-6876. E-mail: nhogaboom@kesslerfoundation.org This material is the result of work supported with resources and the use of facilities at the Human Engineering Research Laboratories, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System. This project used the UPCI Cancer Biomarkers Facility: Luminex Core Laboratory that is supported in part by award P30CA047904. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship (Grant #1247842) and IGERT Fellowship (DGE 1144584). Any opinion, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation. The contents of this paper do not represent the views of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the United States Government. Aside from the aforementioned grants, the authors report no conflicts of interest. Part of these data was presented at the 2018 Meeting of the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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