Timing of Gastrointestinal Bleeding After Implantation of Left Ventricular Assist Devices Associates With Anatomic Location, Presentation, and Management

Continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) for advanced heart failure have been associated with gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB). We examined the association between time of GIB after LVAD implantation and bleeding location (determined by endoscopy), etiology, and patient outcomes.

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