MMP-14 aggravates onset of severe preeclampsia by mediating soluble endoglin release

OBJECTIVE: Gestational hypertension is a pregnancy complication that serious damages the maternal and child health. Early onset severe preeclampsia accounts for about 0.9% of the gestational hypertension disease. Conservative treatment is proposed in recent years to early onset severe preeclampsia through delay delivery. Therefore, it is particularly important to explore the pathogenesis of severe preeclampsia. Soluble endoglin (sEng) has been identified as a central factor to induce endothelium dysfunction of preeclampsia, while its specific mechanism is unclear.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Matrix metallopeptidase 14 (MMP-14) and endoglin expressions and tissue localization in the placenta of preeclampsia and premature were detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Endoglin level, mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), and urinary protein/creatinine ratio were analyzed for correlation to investigate their relationship and the influence of endoglin on eclampsia severity. MMP specific or broad spectrum inhibitor combining MMP-14 siRNA were used in JAR cell line BeWo to explore the regulatory role of MMP-14 on endoglin.

RESULTS: MMP-14, endoglin, and sEng expression levels significantly increased in the placenta of severe preeclampsia patients. MMP-14 and endoglin exhibited expression co-localization. Endoglin expression was positively correlated with the severity of eclampsia. MMP-14 directly mediated the release of sEng.

CONCLUSIONS: MMP-14 aggravated the onset of severe preeclampsia by mediating sEng release. MMP-14 was proposed as the effective target for the treatment of severe preeclampsia. Blocking the interaction between MMP-14 and endothelial protein may be an important treatment method.

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