Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and their Potential Application in Transplantation

Abstract Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immunosuppressive cells of the myeloid lineage upregulated by mediators of inflammation such as IL-2, GCSF, and S100A8/A9. These cells have been studied extensively by tumor biologists. Because of their robust immunosuppressive potential, MDSCs have stirred recent interest among transplant immunologists as well. MDSCs inhibit T cell responses through, among other mechanisms, the activity of arginase-1 and iNOS, and the expansion of T regulatory (Treg) cells. In the context of transplantation, MDSCs have been studied in several animal models, and to a lesser degree in humans. Here, we will review the immunosuppressive qualities of this important cell type and discuss the relevant studies of MDSCs in transplantation. It may be possible to exploit the immunosuppressive capacity of MDSCs for the benefit of transplant patients. Disclosure: The authors have no financial disclosures. Grant support: This work was supported by a grant (to JRS) from the American Surgical Association Foundation and by the Living Legacy Foundation of Maryland. Author contributions: JRS – read the literature, developed the concept/hypotheses, wrote the manuscript, lead the project, revised the paper YSL – read the literature, contributed to hypotheses, edited the paper ED – read the literature, edited the paper, contributed to manuscript's structure JSB – read the literature, edited the paper, contributed to manuscript's structure, mentored the project Copyright © 2017 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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