Aerobic exercise training-induced changes in serum C1q/TNF-related protein levels are associated with reduced arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults

Adiponectin regulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase in endothelial cells, and body fat loss by aerobic exercise training promotes adiponectin secretion. Recently, C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related proteins (CTRPs) have been identified as novel adipokines and are paralogs of adiponectin, but the association between exercise training-induced reduction of arterial stiffness and circulating CTRPs levels remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify whether the reduction of arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults is associated with the change in serum levels of CTRPs induced by exercise training. A total of 52 middle-aged and older participants were randomly divided into two groups: the training group (n=26) and the sedentary control group (n=26). Participants in the training group completed 8 weeks of aerobic exercise training (60-70% peak oxygen uptake for 45min, 3days/week). The reduction of % whole body fat, abdominal visceral fat area, and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was significantly greater in the training group than in the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, the increase in serum adiponectin, CTRP3, and CTRP5 from baseline to 8-week was significantly higher in the training group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Additionally, the training-induced change in cfPWV was negatively correlated with the training-induced change in serum adiponectin, CTRP3, and CTRP5 levels (r=–0.51, r=–0.48, r=–0.42, respectively, P<0.05), and increased plasma nitrite/nitrate level by exercise training was only correlated with adiponectin levels (r=0.41, P<0.05). These results suggest that the exercise training-induced increase in serum CTRPs levels may be associated with the reduction of arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults.

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