In Patients Undergoing Colorectal Resection, Can Preoperative Antibiotics Combined With Mechanical Bowel Preparation Compared With Mechanical Bowel Preparation Only Significantly Reduce Surgical Site Infection?

No abstract available

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LncRNA PVT1 triggers Cyto-protective autophagy and promotes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma development via the miR-20a-5p/ULK1 Axis

Abstract

Background

Defective autophagy is thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer. Human plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) is an oncogenic long non-coding RNA that has been identified as a prognostic biomarker in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, but how PVT1 operates in the regulation of autophagy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is unclear.

Methods

PVT1 expression level was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and hybridization in situ (ISH). Western blot or qRT-PCR was performed to assess the ULK1 protein or mRNA level. Autophagy was explored via autophagic flux detection under a confocal microscope and autophagic vacuoles investigation under a transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The biological role of PVT1 in autophagy and PDA development was determined by gain-of-function and loss-of-function assays.

Results

We found that PVT1 levels paralleled those of ULK1 protein in PDA cancer tissues. PVT1 promoted cyto-protective autophagy and cell growth by targeting ULK1 both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, high PVT1 expression was associated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, we found that PVT1 acted as sponge to regulate miR-20a-5p and thus affected ULK1 expression and the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Conclusions

The present study demonstrates that the "PVT1/miR-20a-5p/ULK1/autophagy" pathway modulates the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and may be a novel target for developing therapeutic strategies for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

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Parental Incarceration Linked to Unhealthy Behaviors in Teens

THURSDAY, July 12, 2018 -- Parental incarceration (PI) is associated with lower health care use and unhealthy behaviors among adolescents and young adults, according to a study published online July 9 in Pediatrics. Nia Heard-Garris, M.D., from the...

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Asthma, Uncontrolled Asthma Associated With Risk of A-Fib

THURSDAY, July 12, 2018 -- There is a correlation for asthma and lack of asthma control with the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), according to a study published online July 11 in JAMA Cardiology. Aivaras Cepelis, from the Norwegian University of...

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Peer-Led Education Helps Physicians Save Time With EHRs

THURSDAY, July 12, 2018 -- A peer-based education program can improve the efficiency of electronic health record (EHR) use, according to an article published in the American Medical Association's AMA Wire. An educational program called Kaiser...

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Women Often Unaware of Their Hospital's Religious Affiliation

THURSDAY, July 12, 2018 -- Women of reproductive age are often unaware of their hospital's religious affiliation, according to a study recently published in Contraception. Jocelyn M. Wascher, from the University of Chicago, and colleagues conducted...

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Mothers' Healthy Lifestyle Tied to Drop in Offspring Obesity

THURSDAY, July 12, 2018 -- Adherence to a healthy lifestyle among mothers during their offspring's childhood is associated with reduced risk of childhood obesity, according to a study published online July 4 in The BMJ. Klodian Dhana, Ph.D., from...

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