Abstract
Objective
The objective of this study was to investigate the survival and biological and mechanical complications of one-piece and two-piece zirconia implants at five years of loading.
Materials and Methods
Consecutive patients receiving zirconia implants were studied, collecting data at five years of loading on their clinical history, peri-implant health status, mechanical complications, esthetic results, and patient related outcomes.
Results
The study included 18 patients with 29 implants. The survival rate was 86% in implant-based analysis and 78% in patient-based analysis. There were no cases of peri-implantitis, but mucositis was present in 53% of implants. A mean of 4.1 ± 0.81 mm was obtained for probing depth and 1.6 ± 0.9 mm for crestal bone loss (radiographic assessment). There were no implant fractures. Major (10%) and minor (10%) prosthesis complications were observed. The esthetic outcome was moderate to almost perfect, with a high level of patient satisfaction. No significant association was found between survival rate and the presence of mucositis around one- or two-piece implants or any other study variable.
Conclusions
The survival rate is low for one- and two-piece zirconia implants. Both types of implants demonstrated a low mechanical complication rate. The incidence of periimplantitis is low but mucositis is present in 50%. Patient satisfaction related to esthetics and function is moderate to high. They represent a good option for patients requiring an alternative to titanium implants.
Clinical Relevance
Zirconia implants appear to be an alternative to the titanium option and may be indicated for patients requiring "metal-free" restorations.
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