Endoscopic full-thickness muscle biopsy for rectal tissue sampling in patients with severe gut motility disorders: an initial experience (with video)

Diagnosis of gastrointestinal neuromuscular diseases is mostly on basis of symptomatology and is often unreliable. Pathological analysis of affected tissue eg, the myenteric plexus and muscle, is a potentially valuable method for both diagnosis and advancement of our knowledge about the biological basis for these syndromes. However, until now access to the deeper layers of the GI tract has been limited, generally requiring invasive surgical techniques.

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