Effect of dentine conditioning with phytic acid or etidronic acid on growth factor release, dental pulp stem cell migration and viability

Abstract

Aim

To investigate the effect of several chelating solutions on transforming growth factor (TGF‐β) release from dentine disks and the subsequent impact on the cellular behaviour.

Methodology

Human dentine disks were prepared with a standardized diameter and disinfected using 1.5% NaOCl for 5 min. The dentine disks were then exposed to 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 1% phytic acid (IP6), 9% etidronic acid (HEDP) or distilled water (DW). The release of transforming growth factor (TGF‐β) was quantified using ELISA. The proliferation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) on the conditioned dentine disks was analysed using MTT assay and the cell morphology was observed by SEM. Migration of DPSCs toward the conditioned dentine disks was measured using Transwell assay. Data for cell proliferation and migration were analysed using two‐way analysis of variance test with Bonferroni post‐hoc test and Kruskal‐Wallis test was used for analysing TGF‐β release.

Results

Both HEDP and IP6 treatment triggered TGF‐β release and cell migration. The greatest TGF‐β release was observed after HEDP treatment as compared with EDTA and DW but there was no significant difference between the groups. In terms of cell migration, HEDP was more effective than EDTA (p<0.05) while IP6 was similar to EDTA. Cell proliferation significantly increased with time after EDTA, DW and IP6 treatment (p<0.05) whereas HEDP treatment did not induce cell proliferation (p>0.05).

Conclusions

IP6 and HEDP were effective chelating agents on TGF‐β release and cell migration was similar to EDTA.

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