Can S100B Serum Biomarker Testing Reduce Head Computed Tomography Scanning in Children With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury?

The authors identified 1,623 studies; 973 were excluded after review of title and abstract, leaving 57 studies for full-text review, of which 49 were excluded. The 8 included studies comprised 601 children with mild traumatic brain injury who underwent serum S100B biomarker testing compared with head CT or clinical follow-up as the references standard. S100B levels for detecting traumatic intracranial lesions in children with mild traumatic brain injury had a pooled sensitivity of 100% (95% CI 98% to 100%) and negative predictive value of 100% (95% CI 99% to 100%), whereas the pooled specificity was 41% (95% CI 26% to 57%), with significant heterogeneity (I2>50%) that was driven primarily by one study.

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