Cancers, Vol. 10, Pages 372: Audencel Immunotherapy Based on Dendritic Cells Has No Effect on Overall and Progression-Free Survival in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma: A Phase II Randomized Trial

Cancers, Vol. 10, Pages 372: Audencel Immunotherapy Based on Dendritic Cells Has No Effect on Overall and Progression-Free Survival in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma: A Phase II Randomized Trial

Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers10100372

Authors: Johanna Buchroithner Friedrich Erhart Josef Pichler Georg Widhalm Matthias Preusser Günther Stockhammer Martha Nowosielski Sarah Iglseder Christian F. Freyschlag Stefan Oberndorfer Karin Bordihn Gord von Campe Markus Hoffermann Reinhard Ruckser Karl Rössler Sabine Spiegl-Kreinecker Michael B. Fischer Thomas Czech Carmen Visus Günther Krumpl Thomas Felzmann Christine Marosi

Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells that are capable of priming anti-tumor immune responses, thus serving as attractive tools to generate tumor vaccines. In this multicentric randomized open-label phase II study, we investigated the efficacy of vaccination with tumor lysate-charged autologous DCs (Audencel) in newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Patients aged 18 to 70 years with histologically proven primary GBM and resection of at least 70% were randomized 1:1 to standard of care (SOC) or SOC plus vaccination (weekly intranodal application in weeks seven to 10, followed by monthly intervals). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival at 12 months. Secondary endpoints were overall survival, safety, and toxicity. Seventy-six adult patients were analyzed in this study. Vaccinations were given for seven (3–20) months on average. No severe toxicity was attributable to vaccination. Seven patients showed flu-like symptoms, and six patients developed local skin reactions. Progression-free survival at 12 months did not differ significantly between the control and vaccine groups (28.4% versus 24.5%, p = 0.9975). Median overall survival was similar with 18.3 months (vaccine: 564 days, 95% CI: 436–671 versus control: 568 days, 95% CI: 349–680; p = 0.89, harzard ratio (HR) 0.99). Hence, in this trial, the clinical outcomes of patients with primary GBM could not be improved by the addition of Audencel to SOC.

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