B-cell lymphoma 2 ovarian killer suppresses testicular cancer cell malignant behavior, but plays a role in platinum resistance

Testicular cancer (TC) is the most common malignancy in men. Although the 5-year survival rate of TC patients exceeds 95%, the prognosis of patients with platinum-resistant tumors remains poor because of limited therapeutic options. Overcoming chemoresistance is the key to improving survival in poor-prognosis patients. However, the mechanism remains poorly understood. B-cell lymphoma 2 ovarian killer (BOK) is a proapoptotic protein and functions as a tumor suppressor in malignancy tumors. In this study, we found that BOK was frequently downregulated in TC tissues compared with paratumor tissues. BOK overexpression inhibited TC cell proliferation and invasion. In contrast, BOK knockdown promoted TC cell proliferation and invasion. Surprisingly, either BOK overexpression or knockdown rendered TC cells resistant to Cisplatin (DDP). In conclusion, BOK downregulation may be associated with tumorigenesis of TC. BOK had the potency to suppress TC cell proliferation and invasion, and may function as a tumor suppressor in TC. However, BOK also contributes to Cisplatin resistance. These data may provide a wider perspective on TC research and treatment. *Jian Chu, Zhan Shi, and Yutao Jiao contributed equally to the writing of this article. Correspondence to Xingang Cui, MD, PHD, Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University (Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital), 700 North Moyu Road, Shanghai 201805, People's Republic of China Tel:+86 218 188 7665; fax: +86 218 188 5634; e-mail: cuixingang@smmu.edu.cn Correspondence to Jianqing Ye, MD, Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University (Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital), 700 North Moyu Road, Shanghai 201805, People's Republic of China Tel: +86 218 188 7665; fax: +86 218 188 5634; e-mail: 515142693@qq.com Received February 20, 2018 Accepted June 16, 2018 Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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