The Pathology of Type II Modic Changes: Fat Deposition or Osteosclerosis? A Study Using CT Scan

Study Design. A retrospective cross-sectional study of type II Modic changes (MCs). Objective. To evaluate the CT values of type II MCs and determine their relationship with disc degeneration. Methods. 124 type II MCs from 66 patients' MRI and CT were included and analyzed. Disc degeneration adjacent to MCs was evaluated based on Pfirrmann classification. CT values of bone marrow area and endplate from MC regions, adjacent non-MC regions, and L1 vertebra were measured. CT value changes (ΔCT value) were defined as MCs' CT value minus non-MCs'. According to the types of variables, paired t-test, signed-rank test, two-way ANOVA, and Friedman test were used. Results. The CT value of MCs was significantly higher than that of non-MCs at both bone marrow area and endplate (P

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