AJKD Atlas of Renal Pathology: Adenovirus Infection

Adenovirus renal infections usually occur in immunocompromised patients, more commonly in bone marrow and stem cell transplant recipients. Infections rarely (<1%) occur in the kidney allograft, with onset typically in the first 3 months after transplantation. Native kidney infections occasionally occur, mostly in children under 5 years of age. Patients usually present with fever, acute kidney failure, gross hematuria, and diarrhea. Kidney transplant patients can have tenderness over the graft. Infection limited to the kidney transplant may respond well to decreased immunosuppression, with intravenous immunoglobulin and possible antiviral therapy suggested in more severe cases.

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