Prostate Cancer Screening: Time to Question How to Optimize the Ratio of Benefits and Harms

Tsodikov and colleagues apply a mathematical framework to the results of 2 large prostate cancer screening trials and conclude that the effects of screening on prostate cancer mortality were similar in both trials after differences in the studies were accounted for. The editorialist discusses the findings and advocates for a shift in focus from whether screening with prostate-specific antigen testing provides benefit to how to implement screening so that the benefits outweigh the harms.

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