Revision and optimization in spinal cord neuromodulation for chronic pain

Publication date: Available online 25 May 2017
Source:Seminars in Spine Surgery
Author(s): John Lynes, Wesley Chen, Christopher Kalhorn
Despite advances in spinal cord stimulator implantation, inadequate therapeutic response remains a significant issue. Revision procedures aim to improve coverage, whether through revision of existing implants, supplementation with additional hardware, or changing modalities. Inherent challenges in surgical technique and treatment planning have led to techniques and ongoing areas of development and research.



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