Impact of MLH1 expression on tumour evolution after curative surgical tumour resection in a murine orthotopic xenograft model for human MSI colon cancer

Abstract

Colorectal cancers (CRCs) displaying microsatellite instability (MSI) most often result from MLH1 deficiency. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of MLH1 expression per se on tumour evolution after curative surgical resection using a xenograft tumour model. Transplantable tumours established with the human MLH1-deficient HCT116 cell line and its MLH1-complemented isogenic clone, mlh1-3, were implanted onto the caecum of NOD/SCID mice. Curative surgical resection was performed at day 10 in half of the animals. The HCT116-derived tumours were more voluminous compared to the mlh1-3 ones (P = .001). Lymph node metastases and peritoneal carcinomatosis occurred significantly more often in the group of mice grafted with HCT116 (P = .007 and P = .035, respectively). Mlh1-3-grafted mice did not develop peritoneal carcinomatosis or liver metastasis. After surgical resection, lymph node metastases only arose in the group of mice implanted with HCT116 and the rate of cure was significantly lower than in the mlh1-3 group (P = .047). The murine orthotopic xenograft model based on isogenic human CRC cell lines allowed us to reveal the impact of MLH1 expression on tumour evolution in mice who underwent curative surgical resection and in mice whose tumour was left in situ. Our data indicate that the behaviour of MLH1-deficient CRC is not only governed by mutations arising in genes harbouring microsatellite repeated sequences, but also from their defect in MLH1 per se. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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