HEAD NECK

1.	ORIGINAL RESEARCH HEAD&NECK
	2016-01-01
	German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB)
2.	Head and neck cancer specialist offers us wonderful support.
	Green K 2016-08-01
	My husband Jerry was diagnosed with mouth cancer in January 2014 aged 45. A month later he went in for an operation and had a radical neck dissection. The floor of his mouth was replaced with skin from his forearm and part of his tongue was removed.
	Europe PubMed Central
3.	[Head and neck intensity-modulated radiation therapy: Normal tissues dose constraints. Pharyngeal constrictor muscles and larynx].
	Graff, P 2016-09-01
	PMID:27599684
	Science.gov (United States)
4.	[Treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma recurrences and distant metastases : Highlights of the ASCO Meeting 2016].
	Bußmann, L 2016-09-01
	PMID:27604281
	Science.gov (United States)
5.	Searching beyond the usual papillomavirus suspects in squamous carcinomas of the vulva, penis and head andneck.
	Félez-Sánchez, Marta 2016-09-01
	PMID:27600594
	Science.gov (United States)
6.	Patients' experience of temporary tracheostomy after microvascular reconstruction for cancer of the head andneck.
	Rogers SN 2016-09-01
	A temporary tracheostomy is commonly done in patients who have reconstruction after the ablation of advanced oral cancer to provide easy access to a secure airway in case a haematoma forms or the patient needs a return to theatre. Although relatively simple to do, we know little about the patients' experience, and to find out, we designed a three-stage study. First, we conducted semi-structured interviews to identify items related to the functional, emotional, and social impacts of the tracheostomy, on the ward and on removal (n=15 patients). Secondly, we used these items to develop a short, one-page questionnaire in collaboration with the Patient and Carer Support Group and Research Forum, and thirdly, we did a cross-sectional postal survey of 125 patients who had had a temporary tracheostomy as part of free tissue reconstruction between January 2013 and July 2015. Of them, 86 responded (69% response rate). Generally patients reported a negative experience. In the cross-sectional survey most responders (n=52, 60%) stated that they would "very much" avoid a tracheostomy if at all possible. The main problems concerned fear and communication, and between one-third and one-half stated that they had had "very much" or "quite a bit" of a problem in regard to choking, discomfort, attracting attention, sleeping, and general management (other than the suctioning). This feedback should form part of the information that is given to patients; it should also enable us to reflect on optimal perioperative care, and help to inform the debate about the selection criteria.
	Europe PubMed Central
7.	Patients' experience of temporary tracheostomy after microvascular reconstruction for cancer of the head andneck.
	Rogers, S N 2016-09-01
	PMID:27596013
	Science.gov (United States)
8.	Immunohistochemical pattern analysis of squamous cell carcinoma: Lung primary and metastatic tumors ofhead and neck.
	Ichinose, Junji 2016-10-01
	PMID:27597287
	Science.gov (United States)
9.	Docetaxel plus cetuximab biweekly is an active regimen for the first-line treatment of patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancer.
	Posch D 2016-01-01
	For patients with recurrent/metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCCHN) limited therapeutic options exist. Only a subset of patients is suitable for combination chemotherapy regimens. Biweekly docetaxel plus cetuximab might be an alternative option. Thus, we performed this retrospective analysis in unselected patients in order to investigate the efficacy and safety of this regimen. Thirty-one patients receiving off protocol docetaxel (50 mg/m(2)) plus cetuximab (500 mg/m(2)) biweekly were included. Data collection included baseline demographic, response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS) as well as toxicity. OS and PFS were 8.3 months (95% CI 4.8-11.8) and 4.0 months (95% CI 1.0-7.0), respectively. Three (9.7%) patients achieved a complete response and one patient (3.2%) a partial response. The DCR was 41.9% and we observed an ORR of 12.9%. The one-year survival rate was 25.8%. The therapy was well tolerated and the most common grade 3/4 adverse events were neutropenia (19.4%), hypomagnesaemia (12.9%) and acne-like rash (9.7%). Biweekly cetuximab/docetaxel is an effective regimen and well tolerated in R/M SCCHN patients not suitable for platinum doublet treatment. Further evaluation of this regimen in prospective clinical trials is warranted.
	Europe PubMed Central
10.	Sperm with fibrous sheath dysplasia and anomalies in head-neck junction: focus on centriole and centrin 1.
	Moretti, E 2016-09-01
	PMID:27596234
	Science.gov (United States)
11.	T cell abundance in blood predicts acute organ toxicity in chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer.
	Beschel LM 2016-08-01
	Treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) by chemoradiotherapy (CRT) often results in high-grade acute organ toxicity (HGAOT). As these adverse effects impair the patients' quality of life and the feasibility of the planned therapy, we sought to analyze immunological parameters in tumor material and blood samples obtained from 48 HNSCC patients in order to assess the potential to predict the individual acute organ toxicity. T cells in the tumor stroma were enriched in patients developing HGAOT whereas levels of soluble factors in the plasma and gene expression in whole blood did not coincide with the occurrence of acute organ toxicity. In contrast, the frequency and absolute numbers of selected leukocyte subpopulations measured in samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) directly before the beginning of CRT were significantly different in patients with HGAOT as compared to those without. When we validated several potential markers including the abundance of T cells in a small prospective study with 16 HNSCC patients, we were able to correctly predict acute organ toxicity in up to 81% of the patients. We conclude that analysis of PBMCs by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) might be a convenient strategy to identify patients at risk of developing HGAOT caused by CRT, which might allow to adapt the treatment regimen and possibly improve disease outcome.
	Europe PubMed Central
12.	Mutational load and mutational patterns in relation to age in head and neck cancer.
	Meucci S 2016-08-01
	Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a cancer with well-defined tumor causes such as HPV infection, smoking and drinking. Using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) HNSCC cohort we systematically studied the mutational load as well as patterns related to patient age in HNSCC. To obtain a homogenous set we excluded all patients with HPV infection as well as wild type TP53. We found that the overall mutational load is higher in patients of old age. Through unsupervised hierarchical clustering, we detected distinct mutational clusters in very young as well as very old patients. In the group of old patients, we identified four enriched pathways ("Axon Guidance", "ECM-Receptor Interaction", "Focal Adhesion" and "Notch Signaling") that are only sporadically mutated in the other age groups. Our findings indicate that the four pathways regulate cell motility, tumor invasion and angiogenesis supposedly leading to less aggressive tumors in older age patients. Importantly, we did not see a strict pattern of genes always mutated in older age but rather an accumulation of mutations in the same pathways. Our study provides indications of age-dependent differences in mutational backgrounds of tumors that might be relevant for treatment approaches of HNSCCs patients.
	Europe PubMed Central
13.	Mutational load and mutational patterns in relation to age in head and neck cancer.
	Meucci, Stefano 2016-08-16
	PMID:27596625
	Science.gov (United States)
14.	A meta-analysis of weekly cisplatin versus three weekly cisplatin chemotherapy plus concurrent radiotherapy (CRT) for advanced head and neck cancer (HNC).
	Guan, Jian 2016-09-01
	PMID:27602493
	Science.gov (United States)
15.	Chemoprevention of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) With Valproic Acid
	2016-09-05
	Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
	Science.gov (United States)
16.	Safety of drug treatments for head and neck cancer.
	Galot R 2016-08-01
	The treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and the neck depends on the disease's stage. In locally-advanced stage disease, multimodal treatment strategies, including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, give the best outcome in terms of overall survival. Those treatments are not without negligeable adverse events, which can lead to late debilitating toxicities. In recurrent/metastatic disease, not amenable to surgery or radiation therapy, palliative chemotherapy is the most appropriate treatment.This review aims to provide an overview of the safety of standard drug regimens used to treat SCCHN in daily practice, including platinum-based chemoradiation, induction chemotherapy, cetuximab and immunotherapy. The toxicities induced by single modality radiotherapy, or those resulting from surgery, are not part of the discussion.Toxicities observed with multimodal treatment of SCCHN are the highest we can tolerate in terms of treatment-related mortality, morbidity and late consequences. Patients at high risk of developing such complications should be identified upfront for optimal prevention and management. There is a medical need to identify less toxic regimens without compromising the treatment efficacy, especially for patients with Human Papilloma Virus-induced oropharyngeal cancers. Finally, it is crucial in future trials to better standardize the scales used to report treatment related adverse events.
	Europe PubMed Central
17.	Survival and Surgical Outcomes for Pediatric Head and Neck Melanoma.
	Richards, Morgan K 2016-09-01
	PMID:27607058
	Science.gov (United States)
18.	Electromyography and Mechanomyography Signals During Swallowing in Healthy Adults and Head and NeckCancer Survivors.
	Constantinescu G 2016-08-01
	Surface electromyography (sEMG) is used as an adjuvant to dysphagia therapy to demonstrate the activity of submental muscles during swallowing exercises. Mechanomyography (MMG) has been suggested as a potential superior alternative to sEMG; however, this advantage is not confirmed for signal acquired from submental muscles. This study compared the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) obtained from sEMG and MMG sensors during swallowing tasks, in healthy participants and those with a history of head and neck cancer (HNC), a population with altered anatomy and a high incidence of dysphagia. Twenty-two healthy adults and 10 adults with a history of HNC participated in this study. sEMG and MMG signals were acquired during dry, thin liquid, effortful, and Mendelsohn maneuver swallows. SNR was compared between the two sensors using repeated measures ANOVAs and subsequent planned pairwise comparisons. Test-retest measures were collected on 20 % of participants. In healthy participants, MMG SNR was higher than that of sEMG for dry [t(21) = -3.02, p = 0.007] and thin liquid swallows [t(21) = -4.24, p < 0.001]. Although a significant difference for sensor was found in HNC participants F(1,9) = 5.54, p = 0.043, planned pairwise comparisons by task revealed no statistically significant difference between the two sensors. sEMG also showed much better test-retest reliability than MMG. Biofeedback provided as an adjuvant to dysphagia therapy in patients with HNC should employ sEMG technology, as this sensor type yielded better SNR and overall test-retest reliability. Poor MMG test-retest reliability was noted in both healthy and HNC participants and may have been related to differences in sensor application.
	Europe PubMed Central
19.	[Immunotherapeutic studies of head and neck tumors : Highlights of the 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting].
	Busch, C-J 2016-09-01
	PMID:27604282
	Science.gov (United States)
20.	Dose-volume analysis of radiation-induced trismus in head and neck cancer patients.
	Gebre-Medhin M 2016-09-01
	Trismus is a treatment-related late side effect in patients treated for cancer in the head and neck region (HNC). The condition can have a considerable negative impact on nutrition, dental hygiene, ability to speak and quality of life. We have previously studied trismus within the frame of a randomized phase 3 study of HNC patients treated with mainly three-dimensional (3D) conformal radiotherapy (CRT) and found a strong association to mean radiation dose to the mastication muscles, especially the ipsilateral masseter muscle (iMAS). In the present study we have investigated trismus prevalence and risk factors in a more recent cohort of patients, treated with todays' more updated radiation techniques.Maximal interincisal distance (MID) was measured on 139 consecutive patients. Trismus was defined as MID ≤35 mm. Patient-, disease- and treatment-specific data were retrospectively recorded. Differences between groups were analyzed and mean absorbed dose to mastication structures was evaluated. Dosimetric comparisons were made between this study and our previous results.The prevalence of trismus was 24% at a median of 16 months after completion of radiotherapy. In bivariate analysis treatment technique (3DCRT vs. intensity modulated radiotherapy or helical tomotherapy), tumor site (oropharynx vs. other sites) and mean radiation doses to the ipsilateral lateral pterygoid muscle, the paired masseter muscles and the iMAS were significantly associated with MID ≤35 mm. In multivariable analysis only mean radiation dose to the iMAS was significantly associated to MID ≤35 mm.Mean radiation dose to the ipsilateral masseter muscle is an important risk factor for trismus development. Dose reduction to this structure during radiotherapy should have a potential to diminish the prevalence of trismus in this patient group.
	Europe PubMed Central

Alexandros Sfakianakis
Anapafseos 5 . Agios Nikolaos
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6948891480

alsfakia@gmail.com