Combined preoperative HRCT parameters for prediction of round window visibility in pediatric cochlear implant patient.

xloma.fota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Combined preoperative HRCT parameters for prediction of round window visibility in pediatric cochlear implant patient. Via International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology,http://goo.gl/4YdRhz Related Articles Combined preoperative HRCT parameters for prediction of round window visibility in pediatric cochlear implant patient. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 Nov 26;:110521 Authors: Rashad Ghoneim MM, Ghonim MR, Mohamed Badawy AA, Abdel Razek AAK, Salam Hafez MA, Hamad MS, Salem MA Abstract OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the add value of combined analysis of high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) temporal bone parameters in accurate prediction of round window (RW) visibility through posterior tympanotomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: a retrospective observational study was held in a tertiary center, conducted on 45 cochlear implant pediatric candidates between January 2017 and September 2019. Candidates were referred for CT temporal bone. They were classified into fully visible RW cases and partially or non-visible RW cases. Radiological measurements were compared between the two groups for prediction of RW visibility separate and in combination. RESULTS: 45 patients were included in the study (26 males (57.8%) and 19 females (42.2%)). Their median age was 4 years (2-12 years). There were 38 (84.4%) fully visible and 7 (15.6%) partially or non-visible RW cases. Kashio posterior line (n:32/3), fascial recess width (FRW) (mean: 4.9 (3.5-7.5)/4.2 (4-4.7) mm) and round window location (RWL) (3 (1-4)/2.8 (1-3)mm) measurements significantly differentiated between the two groups; (P value 0.034, 0.012 & 0.025 respectively). Posterior kashio line and cut off values of ≥4.75 mm of FRW & 2.95 mm of RWL were showed sensitivity 84.2%, 63.2% & 65.8%, and accuracy 80%, 68.9% &68.9% in prediction of RW visibility respectively. Combination of Kashio prediction line with cut off value ≥ 7.45 mm (sum of FRW & RWL) showed P value 0.003 with further improve in the sensitivity and overall accuracy in prediction of RW visibility from 84.2% to 80% up to 91.4% and 88.6% respectively. CONCLUSION: combined parameters using Kashio line with FRW and RWL increases sensitivity and overall accuracy in prediction of RW visibility rather than single parameter. PMID: 33257023 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Acquired subglottic cysts in children:

xloma.fota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Acquired subglottic cysts in children: A rare and challenging clinical entity. A systematic review. Via International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology,http://goo.gl/4YdRhz Related Articles Acquired subglottic cysts in children: A rare and challenging clinical entity. A systematic review. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 Nov 26;:110523 Authors: Soloperto D, Spinnato F, Di Gioia S, Di Maro F, Pinter P, Bisceglia A, Marchioni D Abstract INTRODUCTION: Subglottic cysts (SGCs) are a rare cause of laryngeal stenosis that mainly seem to affect preterm infants with an intubation history. PURPOSE: To review the related literature and compare different management protocols for patients presenting SGCs, as well as briefly report our clinical case treated at Verona University Hospital by Pediatric Airways Team. METHODS: The articles resulting from a PubMed and MEDLINE search were analysed and selected using previously established criteria. A systematic review of the selected papers was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS: The search yielded 571 related articles; cross-checking of articles led to the identification and exclusion of 239 duplicates. The remaining 332 papers were screened according to previously established eligibility criteria. The final number of selected articles was 13. CONCLUSIONS: Well-planned teamwork, with active collaboration between the ENT specialists, pediatricians and anesthesiologists, is the key to achieve multidisciplinary management of patients diagnosed with SGCs. Long-term follow-up is crucial considering the high recurrence rate of this disease. PMID: 33261859 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Intercarotid artery distance in the pediatric population: Implications for endoscopic transsphenoidal approaches to the skull base.

xloma.fota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Intercarotid artery distance in the pediatric population: Implications for endoscopic transsphenoidal approaches to the skull base. Via International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology,http://goo.gl/4YdRhz Related Articles Intercarotid artery distance in the pediatric population: Implications for endoscopic transsphenoidal approaches to the skull base. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 Nov 25;:110520 Authors: Li L, Carrau RL, Prevedello DM, Yang B, Rowan N, Han D, London NR Abstract OBJECTIVE: Comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the intercarotid artery distance (ICD) in the pediatric population has not been sufficiently explored. This study aims to measure the minimal ICDs at multiple levels of the skull base to assess changes in the ICD during development. METHODS: Measurement of the ICDs between the paired paraclival, parasellar, and paraclinoid segments of the internal carotid artery (ICA) was performed on coronal MRI from 540 patients ranging from 0 to 17 years old (n = 30 for each age). Comparison of these indices in the very young (0-5 years, Group 1) and young (6-17 years, Group 2) patients, and assessment of the degree of sphenoid sinus pneumatization was employed. RESULTS: The narrowest ICD was located at the paraclinoid ICAs in the vast majority of cases (89.44%). When comparing the ICDs in very young age patients with the ICDs of 17 years old subjects, a statistically significant difference was found at the paraclival (ages 0-5), parasellar (ages 0-2), and paraclinoid (ages 0-4) ICDs (p < 0.05). Comparison of the ICDs between the intergroups (Group 1 and 2) also demonstrated a statistically significant difference (p < 0.0001). Pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus was initially noted to start at 3 years of age, and there were no patients with a non-pneumatized sphenoid sinus identified after 7 years of age in our cohort. CONCLUSION: Measurement of ICDs at multiple levels provides a valuable reference for EEA procedures in the pediatric population. While the ICD may be largely stable in the pediatric population after 5 years of age, additional anatomic factors may restrict transsphenoidal access in very young patients (0-5 years). PMID: 33261860 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Management of stapes footplate fistula in inner ear malformations.

xloma.fota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Management of stapes footplate fistula in inner ear malformations. Via International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology,http://goo.gl/4YdRhz Related Articles Management of stapes footplate fistula in inner ear malformations. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 Nov 26;140:110525 Authors: Sennaroglu L, Bajin MD Abstract BACKGROUND: Certain inner ear malformations have stapes footplate fistula which may cause meningitis during otitis media. This may result in fatality. It is the responsibility of the otolaryngologist to diagnose and treat the condition to prevent further attacks of meningitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Surgical findings of the 17 patients who have inner ear malformations with oval window fistula were retrospectively analyzed. Inner ear malformations were classified according to Sennaroglu classification. Different stages of stapes footplate fistula are classified. FINDINGS: Seventeen patients had spontaneous stapes footplate fistula at the oval window. No patient had spontaneous leakage at the round window site. Proper sealing of the leakage area with fascia in a dumbbell fashion is mandatory. Keeping the stapes in place and lumbar drainage are the two most important factors in the successful management of fistula. Particularly important is the simultaneous fistula repair and cochlear implantation where combined postauricular-transcanal approach provides the best method. Vaccination is important but not sufficient to prevent meningitis in inner ear malformations unless repair of the fistula is performed. CONCLUSION: If the patient has a history of meningitis in the presence of inner ear malformation, particular attention should be given to oval window area to look for an opacity, cyst or a leaking lesion at the stapes footplate. Immediate surgical exploration and repair of the leak is mandatory to prevent further attacks of meningitis. Surgeon should not leave the operation without fully controlling the leak. PMID: 33264678 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Smoking status before and after colorectal cancer diagnosis and mortality

xloma.fota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Smoking status before and after colorectal cancer diagnosis and mortality in Korean men: A population‐based cohort study Via Cancer Medicine This study found that both smoking before and after cancer diagnosis is associated with increased mortality rate among colorectal cancer patient. Quitting smoking after diagnosis was significantly related to diminished mortality among colorectal cancer patients receiving only operation, who is considered as early stage colorectal cancer patients, though smoking cessation after diagnosis among colorectal cancer patients who received radiotherapy or chemotherapy was not associated with significantly decreased mortality. Abstract Background Smoking is a well‐known risk factor for colorectal cancer incidence; however, the effect of smoking before and after cancer diagnosis on mortality has not been addressed well. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the association of prediagnosis and postdiagnosis smoking status and mortality among colorectal cancer patients. Methods A retrospective cohort consisted of 37,079 male colorectal cancer patients. Smoking status was defined from information within 2 years of colorectal cancer diagnosis for prediagnosis and at least 1 year later for postdiagnosis. The prediagnostic and postdiagnostic smoking status were categorized into four groups (nonsmoker/nonsmoker, nonsmoker/smoker, smoker/nonsmoker, and smoker/smoker). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the Cox proportional hazard model. Results During a median of 6.3 years of follow‐up, a total of 3980 deaths and 2137 deaths from colorectal cancer occurred. The number of prediagnosis smokers were 11,100 and 62.4% of them quitted smoking after the diagnosis. Significantly elevated mortality rate in prediagnosis smokers was observed regardless of postdiagnosis smoking status (smoker/nonsmoker [HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.20–1.41] and smoker/smoker [HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.09–1.34]). Among patients treated with surgical operation only, those who quit smoking after diagnosis showed lower mortality rates compared to continual smokers (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67–0.96). Conclusions Smoking before cancer diagnosis rather than postdiagnosis has stronger impact on prognosis colorectal cancer patients, and quitting smoking may improve survival, especially among early stage colorectal cancer patients. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Investigation of drugs affecting hypertension in bevacizumab‐treated patients and examination of the impact on the therapeutic effect

xloma.fota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Investigation of drugs affecting hypertension in bevacizumab‐treated patients and examination of the impact on the therapeutic effect Via Cancer Medicine The use of PPIs prevents hypertension in bevacizumab‐treated patients. However, it may reduce the anti‐tumor effect of bevacizumab by inducing the expression of VEGF. Abstract Background In patients treated with bevacizumab, hypertension may be a biomarker of therapeutic efficacy. However, it is not clear whether drugs that control blood pressure influence bevacizumab's efficacy. In this study, we investigated drugs that may affect hypertension in bevacizumab‐treated patients and examined the impact on the therapeutic effect. Patients and methods We analyzed 3,724,555 reports from the third quarter of 2010 to the second quarter of 2015. All data were obtained from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) analysis. In this retrospective cohort study, we investigated a total of 58 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer and treated for the first time with bevacizumab containing XELOX or mFOLFOX6 at The University of Tokushima Hospital between January 2010 and December 2015. The effect of the treatment was evaluated according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.0. Thereafter, the effect was confirmed using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and cultured cells. Results There are few reports in FAERS of hypertension in patients treated with omeprazole on bevacizumab. Based on the chart review, patients who used proton pump inhibitors (PPI) had a lower response to treatment than those who did not (response rate: 25% vs 50%). Furthermore, experiments on GEO and cell lines suggested that induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene expression by PPIs is the cause of the reduced therapeutic effect. Conclusion PPIs prevent hypertension in bevacizumab‐treated patients but may reduce bevacizumab's anti‐tumoral effects by inducing VEGF expression. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Periplocin inhibits the growth of pancreatic cancer by inducing apoptosis via AMPK‐mTOR signaling

xloma.fota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Periplocin inhibits the growth of pancreatic cancer by inducing apoptosis via AMPK‐mTOR signaling Via Cancer Medicine In this work, we evaluated the effect of Periplocin on pancreatic cancer growth and tried to clarify its molecular mechanism. ABSTRACT Background Periplocin is a monomeric compound that exhibits anti‐tumor activities. It is extracted from Cortex Periplocae. Objective This study aimed at determining the effect of periplocin treatment on the apoptosis and proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cells, and to elucidate on its mechanisms of action. Methods PANC1 and cfpac1 cells were treated with periplocin. Cell proliferation was detected by RTCA, Ki67 immunofluorescence, and a clonogenic assay. The transwell assay was used to examine cell migration and invasion functions. The expression of apoptosis‐associated proteins was detected by flow cytometry and western blotting. Total RNA was extracted from the treated and untreated group of PANC1 cells for RNA‐seq detection and analysis. Differentially expressed genes were screened for GO biological process and KEGG pathway analysis. Finally, CFPAC1 cells were subcutaneously inoculated into BALB / c nude mice to assess tumor growth. Results Periplocin inhibited the proliferation of PANC1 and CFPAC1 cells and induced their apoptosis by activating the AMPK/mTOR pathway and inhibiting p70 S6K. It also attenuated the cell migration, invasion, and inhibited the growth of cfpac1 xenografts in nude mice. Conclusions Periplocin inhibits human pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and induces their apoptosis by activating the AMPK / mTOR pathway. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.