Antigen presentation unfolded: identifying convergence points between the UPR and antigen presentation pathways

Fabiola Osorio | Bart N Lambrecht | Sophie Janssens

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Peptic Ulcer Disease

Peptic ulcer disease is when painful sores form in the lining of the stomach, duodenum (start of the small intestine), or bowels. Ulcers can cause belly pain, and sometimes bleeding or a hole in the stomach or bowel.

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Prognostic factors in primary anorectal melanoma: a Clinicopathologic study of 60 cases in China

To investigate the clinicopathologic features and prognostic factors of primary anorectal melanoma, we described the clinical presentations, histopathology, and prognosis of 60 cases in China. Patients' age ranged from 17 to 86years with a female-to-male ratio of 2.33:1. The prevalent anatomic site of tumor was anorectum. The mean tumor thickness was 11.5mm and mean tumor size was 2.9cm. Abdominoperineal resection was performed on 38 (63.3%) patients, while wide local excision on 22 (36.7%) patients.

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New insights into hypoxia-related mechanisms involved in different microvascular patterns of bronchopulmonary carcinoids and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas. Role of ribonuclease T2 (RNASET2) and HIF-1 alpha

Ribonuclease T2 (RNASET2) is a pleiotropic and polyfunctional protein, which exerts several different activities in neoplastic cells since the early steps of tumor development. Besides having an antitumorigenic activity, RNASET2 inhibits both bFGF-induced and VEGF-induced angiogenesis and has a role as a stress-response, alarmin-like, protein. In this study, we investigated RNASET2 expression in well-differentiated and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms of the lung (Lu-NENs), which are known to show clear-cut differences in morphology, biology and clinical behavior.

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Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a Clinicopathologic and Immunohistochemical analysis of 81 cases

Small cell carcinoma (SmCC) of the bladder is a rare disease. We retrospectively studied a large series of bladder SmCC from a single institution. The patients included 69 men and 12 women with a mean age of 68years. Most bladder SmCC were presented at advanced stage with tumors invading the muscularis propria and beyond (n=77). SmCC was pure in 27 cases and mixed with other histologic types in 54 cases, including urothelial carcinoma (UC) (n=32), UC in situ (n=26), glandular (n=14), micropapillary (n=4), sarcomatoid (n=4), and squamous (n=3), and plasmacytoid (n=1) features.

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TPL2 expression is correlated with distant metastasis and poor prognosis in colorectal cancer

Tumor progression locus 2 (TPL2) is a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase kinase (MAP3K). The present study aimed to elucidate the clinicopathological significance and prognostic role of TPL2 expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) through immunohistochemistry. In the present study, the correlations between TPL2 expression and clinicopathological parameters, including survival rate, were investigated using 262 archival paraffin-embedded CRC tissue samples. In addition, the correlation between TPL2 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes was evaluated using immunoscore.

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Hepatic micrometastases are associated with poor prognosis in patients with liver metastases from neuroendocrine tumors of the digestive tract

Pathologic examination of hepatic metastasectomies from patients with metastatic small intestinal or pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor frequently reveals micrometastases undetectable by radiologic or macroscopic gross examination. This finding raises the possibility that undetectable micrometastases remain in these patients after metastasectomy. Here we examined liver resections for micrometastases and assessed their impact on prognosis. Hepatic metastasectomies from 65 patients with neuroendocrine tumor of the small intestine (N=43) or pancreas (N=22) were reviewed for the presence of micrometastases, which were defined as microscopic tumor foci ≤1mm in greatest dimension.

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