A new study in mice has revealed a molecular link between a high-fat diet and the growth and spread of prostate cancer. The findings, the study leaders believe, raise the possibility that changes in diet could potentially improve treatment outcomes in some men.
Audience: Health Professional, Internal Medicine, Cardiology, Patient [Posted 02/22/2018] ISSUE: FDA is advising caution before prescribing the antibiotic clarithromycin (Biaxin) to patients with heart disease because of a potential increased risk...
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Tolvaptan effectively corrects hyponatremia due to the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), but undesired overcorrection can occur. We hypothesized that pretherapy parameters can predict the rapidity of response to tolvaptan in SIADH.
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Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a heterogeneous disorder that is common in hospitalized patients and associated with short- and long-term morbidity and mortality. When AKI is present, prompt workup of the underlying cause should be pursued, with specific attention to reversible causes. Measures to prevent AKI include optimization of volume status and avoidance of nephrotoxic medications. Crystalloids are preferred over colloids for most patients, and hydroxyethyl starches should be avoided. Volume overload in the setting of AKI is associated with adverse outcomes, so attention should be paid to overall fluid balance.
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Vascular access outcomes in hemodialysis are critically important for patients and clinicians, but frequently are neither patient relevant nor measured consistently in randomized trials. A Standardized Outcomes in Nephrology–Hemodialysis (SONG-HD) consensus workshop was convened to discuss the development of a core outcome measure for vascular access. 13 patients/caregivers and 46 professionals (clinicians, policy makers, industry representatives, and researchers) attended. Participants advocated for vascular access function to be a core outcome based on the broad applicability of function regardless of access type, involvement of a multidisciplinary team in achieving a functioning access, and the impact of access function on quality of life, survival, and other access-related outcomes.
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The definition of a suitable mesh to simulate blood flow in the human carotid bifurcation has been investigated. In this research, a novel mesh generation method is proposed: hexahedral cells at the centre of the vessel and a fine grid of tetrahedral cells near the artery wall, in order to correctly simulate the large blood velocity gradients associated with specific locations. The selected numerical examples to show the pertinence of the novel generation method are supported by carotid ultrasound (US) image data of a patient-specific case. Doppler systolic blood velocities measured during US examination are compared with simulated velocities using four different combinations of hexahedral and tetrahedral meshes and different fluid dynamic simulators. The Lin´s test was applied to show the concordance of the results. Wall shear stress-based descriptors and localized normalized helicity descriptor emphasize the performance of the new method. Another feature is the reduced computation time required by the developed methodology. With the accurate combined mesh, different flow rate partitions, between the internal carotid artery and external carotid artery, were studied. The overall effect of the partitions is mainly in the blood flow patterns and in the hot-spot modulation of atherosclerosis-susceptible regions, rather than in their distribution along the bifurcation.
Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) systems are gaining popularity, however objective comparisons of their characteristics are lacking. While environmental cultures and reduction of hospital-associated i...
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