Substrate Specificity of the Kinase P-TEFb towards the RNA Polymerase II C-Terminal Domain

The positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) promotes transcription elongation through phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain. This process is not well understood, partly due to difficulties in determining the specificity of P-TEFb toward the various heptad repeat motifs within the C-terminal domain. A simple assay using mass spectrometry was developed to identify the substrate specificity of the Drosophila melanogaster P-TEFb (DmP-TEFb) in vitro. This assay demonstrated that DmP-TEFb preferentially phosphorylates Ser5 and, surprisingly, that pre-phosphorylation or conserved amino acid variation at the 7-position in the heptad can alter DmP-TEFb specificity, leading to the creation of distinct double-phosphorylation marks.

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Rational Inference of Beliefs and Desires From Emotional Expressions

Abstract

We investigated people's ability to infer others' mental states from their emotional reactions, manipulating whether agents wanted, expected, and caused an outcome. Participants recovered agents' desires throughout. When the agent observed, but did not cause the outcome, participants' ability to recover the agent's beliefs depended on the evidence they got (i.e., her reaction only to the actual outcome or to both the expected and actual outcomes; Experiments 1 and 2). When the agent caused the event, participants' judgments also depended on the probability of the action (Experiments 3 and 4); when actions were improbable given the mental states, people failed to recover the agent's beliefs even when they saw her react to both the anticipated and actual outcomes. A Bayesian model captured human performance throughout (rs ≥ .95), consistent with the proposal that people rationally integrate information about others' actions and emotional reactions to infer their unobservable mental states.

http://ift.tt/2giY8S8

427 Music in Emergent Settings: A Randomized Controlled Trial

To investigate the impact of live preferential music (LPM) on patients receiving care in a level 1 trauma center and academic emergency department and to determine if LPM can affect the need for and utilization of pain medication among emergency department patients

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386 Withdrawn

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354 Biomechanical Aspect of Two-Finger Versus Two-Thumb Chest Compression for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Infant Manikin Model

Previous studies has evaluated the quality of different external chest compression (ECC) methods delivered in infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). However, the extent of loading force applied during infant ECC remains unknown. The objective of this crossover study was to quantify actual forces applied by two-finger (TF) and two-thumb (TT) methods.

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378TF Interactive Curriculum for Learning Pediatric Emergency Medicine Radiology

Radiology studies can significantly influence management in the emergency department. We noted that our pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) fellows often wait for a radiologist's interpretation instead of reviewing their patients' images. Our needs assessment revealed that 2 main factors limited the fellows' comfort with interpreting their own images: 1) lack of exposure to reading x-rays and CTs (pediatric-trained fellows) and 2) lack of confidence reading pediatric images (emergency medicine-trained fellows).

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1EMF Take-Home Naloxone Rescue Kits Following Heroin Overdose in the Emergency Department to Prevent Opioid Overdose-Related Repeat Emergency Department Visits, Hospitalization, and Death: A Pilot Study

The United States is facing an epidemic of drug overdose deaths of unprecedented scale. Since 2000, our nation has seen a 137% increase in overdose-related death, including a 200% increase in overdose deaths from opioids. Opioid overdose morbidity and mortality can be prevented by early administration of naloxone hydrochloride. It has been shown that providing take-home naloxone rescue kits (NRK) to at-risk patients in the community setting reduces mortality from opioid overdose and is cost effective under highly conservative estimates.

http://ift.tt/2yNDdxk