Celastrus Orbiculatus Thunb. Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Promoting Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Hyperlipidemic Mice

Abstract

Previously, we found that Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. (COT) decreases athero-susceptibility in lipoproteins and the aorta of guinea pigs fed a high-fat diet, and increases high-density lipoprotein (HDL). In the present study, we investigated the effect of COT in reducing lipid accumulation and promoting reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) in vivo and vitro. Healthy male mice were treated with high-fat diet alone, high-fat diet with COT (10.0 g/kg/d), or general fodder for 6 weeks. Serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), HDL-C, non-HDL-C, and ³H-cholesterol in plasma, liver, bile, and feces were determined. Pathological changes and the levels of TC and TG in liver were examined. The expression of hepatic genes and protein associated with RCT were analyzed. COT administration reduced lipid accumulation in the liver, ameliorated the pathological changes, and lessened liver injury, the levels of TG, TC, and non-HDL-C in plasma were decreased significantly, and COT led to a significant increase in plasma HDL-C and apolipoprotein A (apoA1). ³H-cholesterol in plasma, liver, bile, and feces was also significantly increased in COT-treated mice compared to controls. Both mRNA and protein expression of SRB1, CYP7A1, LDLR, ATP-binding cassette transporters ABCA1, ABCG5, and LXRα were improved in COT-treated mice. An in vitro isotope tracing experiment showed that COT and its bioactive ingredients, such as celastrol, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, and quercetin, significantly increased the efflux of ³H-cholesterol. They also increased the expression of SRB1, ABCA1, and ABCG1 significantly in macrophages. Our findings provided a positive role of COT in reducing lipid accumulation by promoting RCT. These effects may be achieved by activating the SRB1 and ABC transporter pathway and promoting cholesterol metabolism via the CYP7A1 pathway in vivo. The effective ingredients in vitro are celastrol, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, and quercetin.

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Data on cytochrome c oxidase assembly in mice and human fibroblasts or tissues induced by SURF1 defect

Publication date: Available online 26 March 2016
Source:Data in Brief
Author(s): Nikola Kovářová, Petr Pecina, Hana Nůsková, Marek Vrbacký, Massimo Zeviani, Tomáš Mráček, Carlo Viscomi, Josef Houštěk
This paper describes data related to a research article entitled "Tissue- and species-specific differences in cytochrome c oxidase assembly induced by SURF1 defects" [1]. This paper includes data of the quantitative analysis of individual forms of respiratory chain complexes I, III and IV present in SURF1 knockout (SURF1^-/-) and control (SURF1^+/+) mouse fibroblasts and tissues and in fibroblasts of human control and patients with SURF1 gene mutation. Also it includes data demonstrating response of complex IV, cytochrome c oxidase (COX), to reversible inhibition of mitochondrial translation in SURF1^-/-mouse and SURF1 patient fibroblast cell lines.



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Data of NODDI Diffusion Metrics in the Brain and Computer Simulation of Hybrid Diffusion Imaging (HYDI) Acquisition Scheme

Publication date: Available online 26 March 2016
Source:Data in Brief
Author(s): Chandana Kodiweera, Yu-Chien Wu
This article provides NODDI diffusion metrics in the brains of 52 healthy participants and computer simulation data to support compatibility of hybrid diffusion imaging (HYDI), "Hybrid diffusion imaging"[1] acquisition scheme in fitting neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) model, "NODDI: practical in vivo neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging of the human brain"[2]. HYDI is an extremely versatile diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) technique that enables various analyses methods using a single diffusion dataset. One of the diffusion data analysis methods is the NODDI computation, which models the brain tissue with three compartments: fast isotropic diffusion (e.g., cerebrospinal fluid), anisotropic hindered diffusion (e.g., extracellular space), and anisotropic restricted diffusion (e.g., intracellular space). The NODDI model produces microstructural metrics in the developing brain, aging brain or human brain with neurologic disorders. The first dataset provided here are the means and standard deviations of NODDI metrics in 48 white matter region-of-interest (ROI) averaging across 52 healthy participants. The second dataset provided here is the computer simulation with initial conditions guided by the first dataset as inputs and gold standard for model fitting. The computer simulation data provide a direct comparison of NODDI indices computed from the HYDI acquisition [1] to the NODDI indices computed from the originally proposed acquisition [2]. These data are related to the accompanying research article "Age Effects and Sex Differences in Human Brain White Matter of Young to Middle-Aged Adults: A DTI, NODDI, and q-Space Study" [3].



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Gene expression data from acetaminophen-induced toxicity in human hepatic in vitro systems and clinical liver samples

Publication date: Available online 26 March 2016
Source:Data in Brief
Author(s): Robim M. Rodrigues, Olivier Govaere, Tania Roskams, Tamara Vanhaecke, Vera Rogiers, Joery De Kock
This data set is composed of transcriptomics analyses of (i) liver samples from patients suffering from acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure (ALF) and (ii) hepatic cell systems exposed to acetaminophen and their respective controls. The in vitro systems include widely employed cell lines i.e. HepaRG and HepG2 cells as well as a novel stem cell-derived model i.e. human skin-precursors-derived hepatocyte-like cells (hSKP-HPC). Data from primary human hepatocytes was also added to the data set "Open TG-GATEs: a large-scale toxicogenomics database" [1]. Changes in gene expression due to acetaminophen intoxication as well as comparative information between human in vivo and in vitro samples are provided. The microarray data have been deposited in NCBI's Gene Expression Omnibus and are accessible through GEO Series accession number GEO: GSE74000. The provided data are used to evaluate the predictive capacity of each hepatic in vitro system and can be directly compared with large-scale publically available toxicogenomics databases. Further interpretation and discussion of these data feature in the corresponding research article "Toxicogenomics-based prediction of acetaminophen-induced liver injury using human hepatic cell systems" [2].



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Data including GROMACS input files for atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of mixed, asymmetric bilayers including molecular topologies, equilibrated structures, and force field for lipids compatible with OPLS-AA parameters

Publication date: Available online 26 March 2016
Source:Data in Brief
Author(s): Tomasz Róg, Adam Orłowski, Alicia Llorente, Tore Skotland, Tuulia Sylvänne, Dimple Kauhanen, Kim Ekroos, Kirsten Sandvig, Ilpo Vattulainen
In this Data in Brief article we provide a data package of GROMACS input files for atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of multicomponent, asymmetric lipid bilayers using the OPLS-AA force field. These data include 14 model bilayers composed of 8 different lipid molecules. The lipids present in these models are: cholesterol (CHOL), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (POPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine (POPE), 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidyl-ethanolamine (SOPE), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylserine (POPS), 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylserine (SOPS), N-palmitoyl-D-erythro-sphingosyl-phosphatidylcholine (SM16), and N-lignoceroyl-D-erythro-sphingosyl-phosphatidylcholine (SM24). The bilayers' compositions are based on lipidomic studies of PC-3 prostate cancer cells and exosomes discussed in "Molecular lipidomics of exosomes released by PC-3 prostate cancer cells" [1], showing an increase in the section of long-tail lipid species (SOPS, SOPE, and SM24) in the exosomes. Former knowledge about lipid asymmetry in cell membranes was accounted for in the models, meaning that the model of the inner leaflet is composed of a mixture of PC, PS, PE, and cholesterol, while the extracellular leaflet is composed of SM, PC and cholesterol discussed in "Membranes lipids: where they are and how they behave" [2]. The provided data include lipids' topologies, equilibrated structures of asymmetric bilayers, all force field parameters, and input files with parameters describing simulation conditions (md.mdp). The data are associated with the research article "Interdigitation of Long-Chain Sphingomyelin Induces Coupling of Membrane Leaflets in a Cholesterol Dependent Manner" [3].

Graphical abstract

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Data on the role of starch and ammonia in green synthesis of silver and iron oxide nanoparticles

Publication date: Available online 26 March 2016
Source:Data in Brief
Author(s): Seyedeh Masumeh Ghaseminezhad, Seyed Abbas Shojaosadati
Green synthesis of nanoparticles by using starch has recently attracted considerable attention due to their biodegradability, non-toxicity, and cost effectiveness. The data presented in this article are related to the article entitled "Evaluation of antibacterial activity of Ag/Fe3O4 nanocomposites synthesized by using starch" [1]. Here, Fe3O4 nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles were synthesized by using starch under alkaline condition. Hydrodynamic diameter of starch and starch coated silver nanoparticles were determined under heat treatment and different pH. This data also display absorbance peak of silver nanoparticles synthesized by starch under different pH conditions (6.5, 8, and 10). Iodometric titration confirmed that both components of starch (amylose and amylopectin) can adsorb on the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles.



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Serologic and molecular evidence of Brucella ovis infection in ovine and caprine flocks in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Brucella ovis infection is one of the leading causes of sub fertility and infertility in ovine, been characterized mainly by epididymitis, orchitis and testicular atrophy in rams. This...

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