Oesophagoscopy in a Treated Oral Cavity Carcinoma Patient: A Case Report and Review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Oesophagoscopy in a Treated Oral Cavity Carcinoma Patient: A Case Report and Review Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract Vegetable matter, especially fruit seed impaction, is uncommon in Otolaryngology practice. If it happens, there should be a possibility of abnormality in the oesophagus like stricture, web, malignancy, trauma or diverticulum. Here we present a case of seed as a foreign body oesophagus in a patient who was a known case of carcinoma left buccal mucosa status post left hemimandibulectomy with flap reconstruction Radiotherapy 20 years ago. We explained the practical and logistic issues while intubation and doing oesophagoscopy in this patient. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A Rare Case Report Of Benign Airway Stenosis and Challenges in its Management

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A Rare Case Report Of Benign Airway Stenosis and Challenges in its Management Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract Laryngeal stenosis following surgical intervention of larynx is a difficult condition to manage. The extensive adhesions formed between the vocal cords can obstruct the glottis and subglottis region and make decannulation unfeasible. In this report, we describe the challenges faced in the management of Glottosubglotic stenosis formed post Coblation assisted surgery for bilateral abductor cord palsy. The authors emphasize on the prevention techniques and management of laryngeal stenosis with a successful decannulation in such patients. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

New Onset Vertigo After COVID-19 Infection. A Case Report

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader New Onset Vertigo After COVID-19 Infection. A Case Report Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract In addition to the known pathophysiological sequelae of the SARS-COV-2 virus and its related respiratory symptoms, several studies have recently reported cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and neurological symptoms of new-onset after a history of infection. Vertigo is a symptom indicating dysfunction of the vestibular system and this report of a 60-year-old female patient points out the possible association between new-onset vertigo and SARS-COV-2 infection. A 60-year-old diabetic and hypertensive female patient with a 9-days history of COVID-19 symptoms presented to the emergency department with acute vertigo attack without nausea or vomiting. A full physical examination showed no other auditory or neurological symptoms and she never experienced vertigo before. Laboratory findings confirmed a current COVID-19 infection. The patient was managed with antihypertensive, anti-vertigo medications, and COVID-19 protocol for mild cases. After discharge, the patient was advised to continue the anti-vertigo drugs and COVID-19 medications. SARS-COV-2 may lead to vestibular neuritis causing vertigo and other related symptoms, but more well-designed observational studies with a large sample size are needed to establish a definite association between COVID-19 and vertigo. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Knockdown of enhancer of rudimentary homolog expression attenuates proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of melanoma cells

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Knockdown of enhancer of rudimentary homolog expression attenuates proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of melanoma cells Via Melanoma Research - Published Ahead-of-Print Early stage or localized melanoma can be surgically resected with satisfactory outcome, whereas advanced malignant melanoma responds to treatment poorly and has a negative prognosis even after surgery, radiotherapy and other comprehensive treatments. Gene therapy targeting various biological signaling pathwa ys has become an increasingly popular area in melanoma research. However, for gene therapy success, it is important to reveal the molecular mechanisms of melanoma tumorigenesis and development. The present study examined the effects of downregulating enhancer of rudimentary homolog (ERH) expression on the proliferation, metastasis and cell cycle of melanoma cells. ERH expression levels in melanoma tissues and cells were determined. Then, ERH gene expression in melanoma cell lines was downregulated or overexpressed by the lentiviral RNA interference technique. Furthermore, we performed cell counting kit-8, clone formation, scratch, transwell migration, subcutaneous tumorigenesis and venous metastasis assays as well as carried out flow cytometry analysis to explore the effects of ERH expression on cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and metastasis. We found that ERH expression in melanoma tissues and cells was markedly higher than in normal melanin nevus. Suppressing ERH express ion by RNA interference in melanoma A375, WM35 and SK28 cell lines inhibited their proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. The cell cycle was also found to be blocked in the G1 phase. However, the metastatic properties of melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo remained largely unaltered by ERH knockdown. Our results show that ERH expression is increased in melanoma. Meanwhile, the proliferation and cell cycle transformation abilities are impaired potentially by downregulating the ERH expression in melanoma cells. Therefore, targeting ERH might serve as a novel therapeutic approach for malignant melanoma. Received 30 May 2020 Accepted 18 April 2021 Correspondence to Dr. Jianda Zhou, Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Tong zi po Road 172, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China, Tel: +86 135 0849 3668; fax: +86 731 88618015; e-mail: zhoujianda@csu.edu.cn Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Safety and efficacy of autologous tumor lysate particle-loaded dendritic cell vaccination in combination with systemic therapies in patients with recurrent and metastatic melanoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Safety and efficacy of autologous tumor lysate particle-loaded dendritic cell vaccination in combination with systemic therapies in patients with recurrent and metastatic melanoma Via Melanoma Research - Published Ahead-of-Print Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of melanoma, yet survival remains poor for patients with metastatic disease. The autologous tumor lysate, particle-loaded, dendritic cell (TLPLDC) vaccine has been shown to be safe adjuvant therapy for patients with resected stage III/IV melanoma who complete the primary vaccine series. Here, we describe an open-label trial of patients with metastatic melanoma treated with TLPLDC vaccine in addition to standard of care (SoC) therapies. The TLPLDC vaccine is created by loading autologous tumor lysate into yeast cell wall particles, which are phagocytosed by autologous dendritic cells ex vivo. Patients who recurred while enrolled in a phase IIb trial of adjuvant TLPLDC vaccine (crossover cohort) and patients with measurable metastatic melanoma cohort were offered TLPLDC vaccine along with SoC therapies. Tumor response was measured by RECIST 1.1 criteria. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were estimated by intention-to-treat analysis. Fifty-four patients were enrolled (28 in crossover cohort; 26 in metastatic melanoma cohort). The vaccine was well-tolerated with no grade ≥3 adverse events when given with SoC therapies to include checkpoint inhibitors, BRAF/MEK inhibitors, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, intralesional therapy and/or radiation. In the crossover arm, OS was 76.5% and PFS was 57.1% (median follow-up of 13.9 months). In the metastatic melanoma arm, OS was 85.7% and PFS was 52.2% (median follow-up 8.5 months). The TLPLDC vaccine is well-tolerated and safe in combination with SoC therapies. Future trials will determine the efficacy of TLPLDC in combination with SoC therapies in metastatic melanoma. Received 16 February 2021 Accepted 21 May 2021 Correspondence to Alexandra M. Adams, Department of Surgery, Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr., Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA Tel: xxx; e-mail: lexy.adams16@gmail.com Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Disruption of anchoring junctions in the testes of experimental varicocele rats

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Disruption of anchoring junctions in the testes of experimental varicocele rats Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Aug;22(2):887. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10319. Epub 2021 Jun 16. ABSTRACT Varicocele is a common disease of the male reproductive system and is the main cause of male infertility; however, the pathological mechanisms of varicocele remain unclear. The anchoring junctions (AJs) in the testies are located between Sertoli cells, or between Sertoli cells and germ cells. Intact and functional AJs are crucial for spermatogenesis. In the present study, the histomorphology, ultrastructure of AJ, cell cycle, expression of AJ structural proteins, and the level of AJ-associated signaling molecules were investigated in the left testes of experimental varicocele rats at 8 and 12 weeks after surgery. The results revealed that varicocele induced the loss of premature germ cells from the seminiferous epithelium. Furthermore, the results of the present study also revealed damage to the AJ ultrastructure, disorientation of the spermatid h ead, deregulation of the cell cycle, downregulation of AJ structural proteins, enhanced phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) at Tyr397 and its downstream adapter Src at Tyr416, and activation of the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1 (ERK1) signaling pathway. Thus, the present study demonstrated that varicocele disrupted the structure and function of AJs in the left testes of rats, and that enhancement of FAK phosphorylation may contribute to AJ damage by activating ERK1 signaling, disrupting actin-based filament networks, and altering the balance of the apical ectoplasmic specialization-blood testis barrier functional axis. These findings provide important insights into the pathological mechanisms through which varicocele contributes to male infertility and could help to identify new therapeutic targets for varicocele. PMID:34194565 | PMC:PMC8237278 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10319 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Curcumin sensitizes Epstein-Barr-immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines to inorganic arsenic toxicity

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Curcumin sensitizes Epstein-Barr-immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines to inorganic arsenic toxicity Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Aug;22(2):872. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10304. Epub 2021 Jun 14. ABSTRACT Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) through contaminated drinking water is an important health problem in certain countries. The use of phytochemicals such as curcumin has recently emerged as an alternative strategy for preventing cellular damage caused by iAs. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) affects ~90% of the population and experimental evidence suggested that curcumin mediates cytotoxicity against EBV-infected cells. Due to the potential for an interaction of these factors, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of this phytochemical on iAs-related toxicity in EBV-infected cells. Two independent EBV-immortalized human lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) were used as the model. The cell lines were first incubated with increasing concentrations of curcumin or iAs for 24 and 15 h, respectively, to determine the individual effec ts of each exposure on cell death. In the next experiment, cell cultures were pre-incubated with 5 µM curcumin for 9 h prior to treatment with 10 µM iAs for 15 h, followed by evaluation of cell death and the cell cycle profile via flow cytometry. The results indicated that individual treatment with either curcumin or iAs induced cell death in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, curcumin pre-treatment enhanced iAs-induced cell death and promoted cell cycle arrest in G1 phase. Taken together, these results suggested that curcumin sensitizes EBV-positive LCLs to the cytotoxic effects of iAs. PMID:34194550 | PMC:PMC8237405 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10304 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.