Phenolics, tocopherols and volatiles changes during virgin pistachio oil processing under different technological conditions

European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.


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Epidemiology of and Risk Factors for BK Polyomavirus Replication and Nephropathy in Pediatric Renal Transplant Recipients: An International CERTAIN Registry Study

Background BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN) constitutes a serious cause of kidney allograft failure, but large-scale data in pediatric renal transplant recipients and a comprehensive analysis of specific risk factors are lacking. Methods We analyzed data of 313 patients in the Cooperative European Paediatric Renal Transplant Initiative (CERTAIN) registry, with an observation period of 3.3 years (range, 1 – 5). The net state of immunosuppressive therapy was assessed by the modified Vasudev score. Results Presumptive BKPyVAN (defined as sustained (>3 weeks) high-level BK viremia >104 copies/mL) within 5 years posttransplant occurred in 49/311 (15.8%) of patients, and biopsy-proven BKPyVAN in 14/313 (4.5%). BKPyV viremia was observed in 115/311 patients (36.7%), of whom 11 of 115 (9.6%) developed viremia late, ie, after the second year posttransplant. In 6/48 patients (12.5%) with high-level viremia and in 3/14 (21.4%) with BKPyVAN this respective event occurred late. According to multivariable analysis, BKPyV viremia and/or BKPyVAN were associated with a higher net state of immunosuppression (OR 1.3, p

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Islet Allotransplantation in the Bone Marrow of Patients With Type 1 Diabetes: A Pilot Randomized Trial

Background Results in murine and nonhuman primate suggested that the bone marrow (BM) might be an alternative site for pancreatic islet transplantation. Methods We report the results of 2 clinical studies in patients with type 1 diabetes receiving an intra-BM allogeneic islet transplantation: a feasibility study in patients with hepatic contraindications for liver islet allotransplantation receiving a single intra-BM islet infusion (n=4) and a pilot randomized trial (1:1 allocation using blocks of size 6) in which patients were randomized to receive islets into either the liver (n=6) or BM (n=3) to evaluate islet transplant function and survival Results We observed no adverse events related to the intrabone injection procedure or the presence of islets in the BM. None of the recipient of an intra-BM allogeneic islet transplantation had a primary nonfunction, as shown by measurable post transplantation C-peptide levels and histopathological evidence of insulin-producing cells or molecular markers of endocrine tissue in BM biopsy samples collected during follow-up. All patients receiving islets in the BM except one lost islet function during the first 4 months after infusion (2 with an early graft loss). Based on biopsies and immuno-monitoring, we concluded that the islet loss was primarily caused by the recurrence of autoimmunity. Conclusion BM is not a suitable alternative site for pancreatic islet allotransplantation in patients with type 1 diabetes Correspondence to: Lorenzo Piemonti, Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan. Fax: 39 02 26432871. Tel: 39 02 26432706. E-mail: piemonti.lorenzo@hsr.it Trial registration. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01345227 and NCT01722682 Authorship page P.M. and A.S. managed patients. M.P. and C.D performed the histopathological analysis of the bone marrow. R.N., R.M. and A.M. performed islet isolations. V.S. and S.P performed the molecular analysis of the bone marrow biopsy samples. M.S. reviewed and edited the manuscript and contributed to the discussion. J.P., C.M. and F.C. developed the intrabone marrow islet infusion method and performed the transplantations. P.M., S.B., B.R, A.N. and M.C. performed the cellular and humoral immunomonitoring. L.P. conceived the intrabone marrow strategy, developed the concept, designed the experiments, wrote the manuscript, promoted the study, and researched data. L.P. is the guarantor of this work and, as such, had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Disclosure The authors of this manuscript have no conflicts of interest to disclose as described by Transplantation. Funding This study was supported by the Italian Minister of Health (Ricerca Finalizzata RF-2009-1469691) and by the European Commission (FP7 241883 and H2020 681070). P.M. is supported by a Career Development Award (5-CDA-2015-85-A-N) from JDRF. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Migrating From Universal to Personalized Prevention: Predicting the Risk of Cytomegalovirus Infection after Organ Transplantation

No abstract available

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Outcomes in Third and Fourth Kidney Transplants Based on the Type of Donor

Background An increasing number of patients are requiring multiple retransplants. We assessed outcomes of third and fourth kidney transplants, to aid decision-making on the most suitable donor type. Methods Data were collected retrospectively for 2561 transplants, including 69 third and 8 fourth, performed from 2000-2017. Demographics and outcomes for the combined third/fourth group were compared to first and second transplants. Within the third/fourth kidney transplant group, comparisons were made between deceased-donors (n=39), live-donor-HLA-compatible (n=23) and -incompatible (n=13) transplants, as well as between standard (n=25) and extended-criteria (n=14) deceased-donor transplants. Results Patient survival did not differ significantly by transplant number (p=0.532), whilst death-censored graft survival declined progressively, from 89% at 5 years in first, 85% in second and 74% in the third/fourth transplant group (p

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Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Kidney Transplantation: The Role of Dietary Fructose and Systemic Endotoxemia

Background The concepts that obesity is merely a consequence of overeating, and that metabolic health then reflects obesity, may be insufficient and potentially flawed. The role of fructose intake and metabolic endotoxemia have gained attention recently, but data in kidney transplantation are lacking. This study evaluated the risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MS), its components, and other associated markers in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), focussing particularly on fructose intake and systemic endotoxemia. Methods This cross-sectional observational study enrolled 128 KTRs>1-year posttransplantation. Clinical, biochemical, anthropometric, and questionnaire assessments were undertaken. Results Obesity (body mass index≥30kg/m2) and MS (International Diabetes Federation Definition) were found in 36.7% and 50% of KTRs respectively. Both increased fructose intake (p=0.01) and endotoxin level (p=0.02) were independently associated with MS; and higher fructose intake was independently associated with obesity (p0.6), as well as relationships between increased fructose intake, inflammation and blood glucose (r>0.6). Conclusions Dietary modifications through decreasing fructose intake and addressing systemic endotoxemia are plausible targets for improving metabolic health of KTRs. Corresponding Author: Dr Richard Borrows, Department of Nephrology & Kidney Transplantation, Area 5, Level 7, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK. Tel: +44 (0) 121 371 6099, Fax: +44 (0) 121 371 5858. Email: Richard.Borrows@uhb.nhs.uk Author Contributions Winnie Chan and Richard Borrows designed the research. Winnie Chan, Byron Smith, Mark Stegall, and Richard Borrows wrote the manuscript. Winnie Chan and Richard Borrows conducted the research. Winnie Chan, Byron Smith, and Richard Borrows analysed the data and performed the statistical analysis. Richard Borrows had primary responsibility for the final content. Disclosure: The authors declare no conflict of interest. Funding Winnie Chan received a research grant from the British Renal Society and was awarded a PhD research training fellowship from the National Health Service West Midlands Strategic Healthy Authority. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Fosfomycin-Trometamol for Urinary Tract Infections in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Background The treatment of urinary tract infections (UTI's) in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) with oral antibiotics is complicated by increasing resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and ciprofloxacin. Fosfomycin-trometamol (FT) could be an alternative, but evidence on clinical effectiveness is scarce. We evaluated the use, effectiveness and safety of FT for UTI in KTRs. Methods Data were retrospectively collected in 2 Dutch transplant hospitals from adult KTRs that were treated with FT as initial treatment for lower-UTI or asymptomatic bacteriuria or as stepdown treatment for upper-UTI after initial intravenous antibiotics. Exclusion criteria were in vitro resistance to FT or concomitant antibiotic treatment. Endpoints were clinical cure within 14 days and severe clinical failure, microbiological cure, relapse, recurrence, and acquired resistance within 90 days postend of treatment. Results 53 episodes in 40 KTRs were included (ASB n=15; lower-UTI n=33; upper-UTI n=5). FT was used for a median short duration in a heterogeneous gift interval. FT resulted in microbiological cure in 25, 28 and 100% of ASB, lower-UTI and upper-UTI with initial positive culture and follow-up culture performed, respectively. Clinical cure rates were 67% for lower-UTI and 80% for upper-UTI. Relapses or recurrences occurred in 31% and 24% of symptomatic UTI episodes, without severe clinical failure. Acquired resistance to fosfomycin was observed in 6 episodes. Conclusions FT has a reasonable effectiveness as last-resort oral treatment for lower-UTI and stepdown treatment for upper-UTI in KTRs. Randomized controlled trials with optimal dosage regimens are warranted. Use of FT is not recommended for ASB. Authorship: TD, HW, SM, JS and MB participated in the research design. TD and JS participated in the collection of the data. TD and HW participated in the data analysis. All authors participated in the writing of the paper. Disclosure: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Funding: No funding was received for this work. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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