Long-term clinical results and scanning electron microscopic analysis of the aspheric, hydrophobic, acrylic intraocular lens CT LUCIA 611P(Y)

https://ift.tt/2KHkqyd

Impact of Energy Drinks on Health and Well-being

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Energy drinks and energy shots are functional supplements with higher caffeine content marketed toward adolescents and young adults with the intention of boosting energy. Parallel to its rising popularity, there are safety concerns with the consumption of these beverages. Herein, we reviewed the impact these supplements produce on health and well-being.

Recent Findings

Most of the promoted benefits of the beverages can be attributed to caffeine. The physiologic effects, if any, of other ingredients such as vitamins and herbal extracts are unclear. The presence of a higher caffeine content as compared to soft drinks may predispose to caffeine intoxication in susceptible individuals. Also, the practice of co-ingestion of these beverages with alcohol is still prevalent and associated with serious consequences.

Summary

Strict regulations (restriction of sales, clear warning labels, capping caffeine levels) and public education may help prevent the adverse outcomes from these beverages.

https://ift.tt/2J02gSz

Risk factors for nonroutine discharge in adult spinal deformity surgery

Publication date: Available online 7 July 2018

Source: The Spine Journal

Author(s): Raj M. Amin, Micheal Raad, Amit Jain, Morsi Khashan, Hamid Hassanzadeh, Steven M. Frank, Khaled M. Kebaish

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND CONTEXT

Surgery for adult spinal deformity (ASD) is increasingly common. Although outcomes of ASD surgery have been studied extensively, to our knowledge, no data exist regarding factors predicting nonroutine discharge in this population. Nonroutine discharge is defined as discharge to a health care facility after surgery rather than to home.

PURPOSE

To determine which patient and surgical factors predict nonroutine discharge after ASD surgery.

DESIGN

This is a retrospective study.

PATIENTS SAMPLE

We conducted a retrospective single-center study of 303 patients who underwent arthrodesis of 5 or more spinal levels to treat ASD between 2009 and 2014.

OUTCOME MEASURES

Patients were stratified into 2 groups according to discharge disposition: home or nonroutine.

METHODS

Objective preoperative characteristics, intraoperative course, and postoperative recovery were analyzed to identify pre- and perioperative factors associated with nonroutine discharge. Univariate analysis was performed first. All factors with P values < .2 on univariate analysis were included in a logistic regression model. Additionally, to understand the relationship between subjective patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures and nonroutine discharge, we compared the 2 groups with respect to mean Oswestry Disability Index and Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)-22r domains using Student t-tests.

RESULTS

On univariate analysis, objective measures that differed significantly (P < .05) between the 2 cohorts were age (≥65 years), osteoporosis, Charlson Comorbidity Index score of ≥2, prolonged hospital stay (>8 days), and blood transfusion. Given the above logistic regression inclusion criteria, we controlled for the performance, and type, of osteotomy (P = .055). On multivariate analysis, older age, osteoporosis, prolonged hospital stay, blood transfusion, and 3-column osteotomy were independently associated with nonroutine discharge. Subjective PRO measures, including Oswestry Disability Index and SRS-22r physical function and pain domain scores, were significantly worse in the nonroutine discharge cohort (P < .05).

CONCLUSION

To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate pre- and perioperative factors associated with nonroutine discharge after ASD surgery. Elderly patients who undergo complex surgery and receive blood transfusions are at particularly high risk of nonroutine discharge. Surgeons should consider these factors during surgical planning and preoperative patient counseling.

https://ift.tt/2zfFKWb

Effect of Human Wnt10b Transgene Overexpression on Peri-Implant Osteogenesis in Ovariectomized Rats

Human Gene Therapy, Ahead of Print.


https://ift.tt/2u7J1BZ

Incidence of rotator cuff tears in the setting of calcific tendinopathy on MRI: a case controlled comparison

Abstract

Objective

To compare the incidence of rotator cuff tears on shoulder MRI in patients who have rotator cuff calcific tendinopathy with that in patients without calcific tendinopathy in a frequency-matched case–control study.

Materials and methods

Retrospective review shoulder MRIs of 86 patients with rotator cuff calcific tendinopathy and an 86-patient age-, gender-, and laterality-matched control group using frequency matching.

Results

No statistically significant difference (odds ratio: 0.72, 95% confidence interval: 0.38–1.38, p = 0.32) was found in the incidence of rotator cuff tear in the calcific tendinopathy (27.9%) and control groups (34.9%). A significant (p < 0.001) difference in the size of rotator cuff tear was seen between the two groups, with 12.5% of tears being full-thickness in the calcific tendinopathy group and 63.3% of tears being full-thickness in the control group. Only 3 of the 24 (12.5%) rotator cuff tears present in the calcific tendinopathy group occurred at the site of tendon calcification.

Conclusion

Patients presenting with indeterminate shoulder pain and rotator cuff calcific tendinopathy are not at increased risk for having a rotator cuff tear compared with similar demographic patients without calcific tendinopathy presenting with shoulder pain. Calcific tendinopathy and rotator cuff tears likely arise from different pathological processes.

https://ift.tt/2J0PK53

Impact of long-term androgen deprivation therapy on PSMA ligand PET/CT in patients with castration-sensitive prostate cancer

Abstract

Purpose

Since the introduction of PSMA PET/CT with ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-11, this modality for imaging prostate cancer (PC) has spread worldwide. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that short-term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) can significantly increase PSMA expression on PC cells. Additionally, retrospective clinical data in large patient cohorts suggest a positive association between ongoing ADT and a pathological PSMA PET/CT scan. The present evaluation was conducted to further analyse the influence of long-term ADT on PSMA PET/CT findings.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed of all 1,704 patients who underwent a ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT scan at our institution from 2011 to 2017 to detect PC. Of 306 patients scanned at least twice, 10 had started and continued ADT with a continuous clinical response between the two PSMA PET/CT scans. These ten patients were included in the current analysis which compared the tracer uptake intensity and volume of PC lesions on PSMA PET/CT before and during ongoing ADT.

Results

Overall, 31 PC lesions were visible in all ten patients before initiation of ADT. However, during ongoing ADT (duration 42–369 days, median 230 days), only 14 lesions were visible in eight of the ten patients. The average tracer uptake values decreased in 71% and increased in 12.9% of the PC lesions. Of all lesions, 33.3% were still visible in six patients with a complete PSA response (≤0.1 ng/ml).

Conclusion

Continuous long-term ADT significantly reduces the visibility of castration-sensitive PC on PSMA PET/CT. If the objective is visualization of the maximum possible extent of disease, we recommend referring patients for PSMA PET/CT before starting ADT.

https://ift.tt/2J1G0aN

Second-Site IDH2 Mutations Confer Resistance to Enasidenib In Trans [Research Watch]

Two patients with IDH2^R140Q AML acquired resistance to an IDH2 inhibitor via secondary IDH2 mutations.

https://ift.tt/2MTOMda