Phytochemical Screening and Antidiabetic, Antihyperlipidemic, and Antioxidant Properties of Anthyllis henoniana (Coss.) Flowers Extracts in an Alloxan-Induced Rats Model of Diabetes

Background. This study investigates the biological activities of Anthyllis henoniana flowers extracts. Materials and Methods. Antioxidant activity and the in vitro inhibitory effect of key digesting enzymes related to postprandial hyperglycemia were determined. Diabetic rats were orally and daily given the best extract from flowers of Anthyllis henoniana at a dose of acarbose for one month. Results. Among the extracts, the ethyl acetate one displayed remarkable antioxidant activity including DPPH (IC50 = 2.34 mg/mL) and was more effective in inhibiting α-glucosidase (IC50 = 17 μg/mL) than α-amylase (IC50 = 920 μg /mL) activities. In vivo, the results proved that ethyl acetate extract at doses of 400 mg/kg bw decreased significantly the blood glucose level and lipid profile levels and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes. These protective impacts of Anthyllis henoniana ethyl acetate flowers extract were confirmed by histological results. Conclusion. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that Anthyllis henoniana flowers ethyl acetate extract is effective in inhibiting hyperglycemia and oxidative stress caused by diabetes.

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Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity and Clinical Considerations for Patients with Acquired Brain Injuries: A Narrative Review

The term "storming" has often been used colloquially to characterize brain injured patients who showed signs and symptoms of elevated heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, temperature, and motor posturing. Recently, the term paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) has been used as the unifying term to describe these acute episodes of elevated sympathetic hyperactivity. Various pharmaceutical and management options are available, but no single drug or protocol has been deemed superior to the others. Data on prognosis and recovery in relation to PSH are limited, but point toward poorer functional outcome and increased mortality. Overall, the phenomenon of PSH requires further research to aid rehabilitative efforts so that patients can effectively participate in therapy. A review of the literature has revealed sparse information on the management of sympathetic storming within rehabilitation facilities. This narrative review seeks to provide an up-to-date synopsis and recommendations on the management of rehabilitation inpatients with PSH. Please address all correspondence to: Brian D. Greenwald, MD, Medical Director of Center for Brain Injuries, JFK Medical Center- Johnson Rehabilitation Institute, 65 James Street, Edison, NJ, 08820. Phone: 732-321-7000 ext: 62018. Fax: 732-321-7733. Email: BGreenwald@hackensackmeridian.org There are no disclosures or conflicts of interest reported by the authors. No funding was received by the authors for this work. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Corrigendum to “A Hop Extract Lifenol® Improves Postmenopausal Overweight, Osteoporosis, and Hot Flash in Ovariectomized Rats”

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Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction in Group B Recipient Associated with Group A Apheresis Platelet Donor: Case Report and Literature Review

Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction is a known but rare potential adverse event related to platelet transfusion. Most reported cases of platelet-related hemolytic transfusion reaction have resulted from transfusion of platelets from group O donor to group A recipient. We identified only one prior case report in the literature of hemolytic transfusion reactions resulting from transfusion of apheresis platelets from group A donor to group B recipient. In that case report, two platelet units were obtained from a single donation and transfused into two separate patients. Both patients exhibited acute hemolytic reactions. The donor is reported to have high anti-B titers, as well as report of probiotic use. We report a case of acute hemolytic reaction in group B recipient following transfusion of apheresis platelets from group A donor with high-titer anti-B but unknown status of probiotic use. This case demonstrates that while low, there still exists potential risk for hemolysis from out-of-group A plasma transfusion.

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An Unusual Case of Gullo’s Syndrome Concomitant with Serious Endometriosis Disease in a Postmenopausal Woman

Gullo's syndrome is a singular physiological phenomenon defined by an abnormal increase in serum pancreatic enzyme levels that may occur in healthy subjects in the absence of pancreatic disorders. During routine health examination in a 54-year-old postmenopausal woman with severe endometriosis, elevated values of serum amylase and lipase were fortuitously observed (198 and 1461 U/L, resp.). Over five years of regular pancreas surveillance, all clinical, biological, and imaging investigations were normal. However, the pancreatic enzyme levels have shown considerable fluctuations including some episodic transient normalization. The description of this benign pancreatic hyperenzymemia case incidentally associated with endometriosis disease is a very rare clinical situation. More in-depth documentation of this phenomenon may help clinicians to avoid unnecessary diagnostic management approaches and reassure the concerned patients that this affection would not be so worrying.

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Corrigendum to “Metabolic Acidosis and Strong Ion Gap in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Kidney Injury”

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P-316Is there any association of dose received by pelvic bone marrow in preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer with hematological toxicity of subsequent oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy?

Introduction: Preoperative radio(chemo)therapy in rectal cancer may irreversibly damage pelvic bone marrow (PBM) and impair the tolerance of subsequent chemotherapy. The aim of the study was to assess the association between irradiated volume of PBM and the tolerance of subsequent FOLFOX-4 chemotherapy in rectal cancer.

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