Upconversion nanosensor for sensitive fluorescence detection of Sudan I–IV based on inner filter effect

Publication date: 1 February 2016
Source:Talanta, Volume 148
Author(s): Aijin Fang, Qian Long, Qiongqiong Wu, Haitao Li, Youyu Zhang, Shouzhuo Yao
Sudan dyes are banned as food additives due to the carcinogenicity of their metabolites in the human body. Therefore, it is of great significance for sensitive detection of Sudan dyes. This paper reports a novel nanosensor for Sudan dyes detection based on fluorescence (FL) quenching of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) stabilized upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) through the inner filter effect (IFE). In the presence of Sudan I–IV, the fluorescence emission of UCNPs was effectively quenched due to the absorption bands of Sudan I–IV largely covered the emission bands of UCNPs. Under the optimized conditions, the FL was quenched with Sudan concentration over the range of 0.05–40, 0.01–20, 0.01–40 and 0.05–40μg/mL for Sudan I–IV, respectively. The corresponding limit of detection is 15.1, 2.83, 3.52 and 16.7ng/mL (at 3σ/slope) respectively. Meanwhile, the nanosensor shows good selectivity, sensitivity and can be successfully applied to detection of Sudan in chili powder samples.

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Metabolomic profile related to cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A pilot study

Publication date: 1 February 2016
Source:Talanta, Volume 148
Author(s): Beatriz García-Fontana, Sonia Morales-Santana, Caridad Díaz Navarro, Pedro Rozas-Moreno, Olga Genilloud, Francisca Vicente Pérez, José Pérez del Palacio, Mnuel Muñoz-Torres
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) that represents one of the main causes of mortality in this population. The knowledge of the underlie factors involved in the development of CVD and the discovery of new biomarkers of the disease could help to early identification of high-risk patients.Using liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) we analyzed the serum metabolomic profile of 30 subject distributed according three groups: (i) T2DM patients with CVD; (ii) T2DM patients without CVD; (iii) non-diabetic subjects as controls (C) in order to identify potential biomarkers of the CVD related to T2DM.A partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were applied to identify differential metabolites between different groups.Four glycerophospholipids were further identified as potential biomarkers of CVD in T2DM patients. Specifically, a reduction in phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) serum levels were found in T2DM patients compared to controls, presenting the patients with CVD the lowest serum levels of these metabolites.These results show a generalized reduction of circulating phospholipids species in T2DM patients which is more pronounced in those with CVD providing information of the pathways involved in the pathogenesis and progression of CVD associated to T2DM.

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Synthesis and Biological Profiling of 6- or 7-(Het)aryl-7-deazapurine 4’-C-Methylribonucleosides

Publication date: Available online 31 October 2015
Source:Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
Author(s): Petr Nauš, Olga Caletková, Pavla Perlíková, Lenka Poštová Slavětínská, Eva Tloušťová, Jan Hodek, Jan Weber, Petr Džubák, Marián Hajdúch, Michal Hocek
The synthesis and biological activity profiling of a large series of diverse pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine 4'-C-methylribonucleosides bearing an (het)aryl group at position 4 or 5 is reported as well as the synthesis of several phosphoramidate prodrugs. These compounds are 4'-C-methyl derivatives of previously reported cytostatic hetaryl-7-deazapurine ribonucleosides. The synthesis is based on glycosylation of halogenated 7-deazapurine bases with 1,2-di-O-acetyl-3,5-di-O-benzyl-4-C-methyl-β-d-ribofuranose followed by cross-coupling and nucleophilic substitution reactions. The final compounds showed low cytotoxicity and several derivatives exerted antiviral activity against HCV or Dengue viruses at micromolar concentrations.

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Synthesis and Evaluation of 3-Hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate Ester-AZT Conjugates as Potential Dual-action HIV-1 Integrase and Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Publication date: Available online 31 October 2015
Source:Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
Author(s): Meloddy H. Manyeruke, Temitope O. Olomola, Swarup Majumder, Shaakira Abrahams, Michelle Isaacs, Nicodemus Mautsa, Salerwe Mosebi, Dumisani Mnkandhla, Raymond Hewer, Heinrich C. Hoppe, Rosalyn Klein, Perry T. Kaye
Novel 3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate ester-azidothymidine (AZT) conjugates have been prepared using Baylis-Hillman methodology, and their potential as dual-action HIV-1 Integrase and Reverse Transcriptase inhibitors has been explored using enzyme inhibition and computer modelling techniques; their activity and HeLa cell toxicity have been compared with those of their cinnamate ester analogues.

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Big Data and Network Biology 2015

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Synergistic Effects of BMP9 and miR-548d-5p on Promoting Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Various stimulators have been reported to promote MSC osteogenic differentiation via different pathways such as bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) through influencing COX-2 and miR-548d-5p through targeting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ). Whether synergistic effects between BMP9 and miR-548d-5p existed in promoting osteogenesis from MSCs was unclear. In the study, the potential synergistic effects of BMP9 and miR-548d-5p on human MSC differentiation were investigated. Osteogenic differentiation of MSCs treated with BMP9 or miR-548d-5p was detected with multimodality of methods. The results demonstrated that BMP9 and miR-548d-5p significantly influenced COX-2 and PPARγ, respectively. BMP9 also influenced the expression of PPARγ, but no significant effect of miR-548d-5p on COX-2 was observed. When BMP9 and miR-548d-5p were combined, more potent effects on both COX-2 and PPARγ were observed than BMP9 or miR-548d-5p alone. Consistently, osteogenic analysis at different timepoints demonstrated that osteogenic genes, ALP activity, calcium deposition, OPN protein, and matrix mineralization were remarkably upregulated by BMP9/miR-548d-5p compared with BMP9 or miR-548d-5p alone, indicating the synergetic effects of BMP9 and miR-548d-5p on osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Our study demonstrated that regulating different osteogenic regulators may be an effective strategy to promote bone tissue regeneration for bone defects.

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Interoceptive awareness in patients with functional neurological symptoms

Publication date: Available online 31 October 2015
Source:Biological Psychology
Author(s): Lucia Ricciardi, Benedetta Demartini, Laura Crucianelli, Charlotte Krahé, Mark J. Edwards, Aikaterini Fotopoulou
Historically, emotional factors, such as trauma or psychological conflict, have been suggested as causal factors of functional motor disorders (FMD). More recent approaches have instead stressed potential neural and cognitive abnormalities in the allocation and maintenance of attention. Yet these studies have mostly focused on how attention is allocated to exteroceptive signals about the state of the body. Given the proposed important role of interoception for emotion, the study of FMD patients' ability to monitor their interoceptive signals may serve as a useful, mechanistic link between studies that aim to identify key emotional factors in FMD, and those that examine specific sensorimotor or cognitive abnormalities.In the current study, we compared the interoceptive awareness of a group of individuals with FMD (N = 16) with a group of healthy controls (N =17). We employed a commonly used heartbeat detection task which tracks the level of concordance between one's heart rate and its subjective perception, as a proxy for interoceptive awareness more generally.We found that FMD patients have lower interoceptive accuracy than healthy subjects, and such reduced interoceptive accuracy was predictive of their depressive symptoms, as well as their tendency to focus on the external features of their body (self-objectification). Contary to our predictions, interoceptive accuracy was not predictive of alexithymia. These results suggest a potental trade-off between the allocation of attention to internal versus external aspects of the body in FMD. More generally, they warrant further investigation of interoceptive awareness in this population, as a means to understand their emotional abnormalities at a more mechanistic level than studies concentrating on traumatic life events and related risk factors.



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