Publication date: Available online 5 August 2020Source: Clinical NeurophysiologyAuthor(s): Yuki Miyano, Shigenori Kawabata, Miho Akaza, Kensuke Sekihara, Yuko Hoshino, Toru Sasaki, Taishi Watanabe, SukChan Kim, Shinji Sato, Yuki Mitani, Yoshiaki Adachi, Atsushi Okawa
Wed Aug 05, 2020 22:18
Publication date: Available online 5 August 2020Source: Clinical NeurophysiologyAuthor(s): Witt A, Fuglsang-Frederiksen A, Finnerup NB, Kasch H, Tankisi H
Wed Aug 05, 2020 22:18
New Findings What is the central question of this study? Spinal cord injury results in paralysis and deleterious neuromuscular and autonomic adaptations. Lumbosacral epidural stimulation can modulate motor and/or autonomic functions. We assessed whether long‐term epidural stimulation for normalizing cardiovascular function affected leg muscle properties. What is the main finding and its importance? Leg lean mass increased after long‐term epidural stimulation for cardiovascular function,...
Tue Aug 04, 2020 17:25
New Findings What is the central question of this study? Does treatment of hypoxic dams with a placenta‐targeted antioxidant prevent the release of placental‐derived factors that impair maturation/growth of fetal cardiomyocytes in vitro ? What is the main finding and its importance? We showed that factors released from hypoxic placentae impaired fetal cardiomyocyte maturation (induced terminal differentiation) and growth (increased cell size) in vitro , which was prevented by maternal treatment...
Tue Aug 04, 2020 17:23
Abstract Robustness of fear conditioning and extinction paradigms has become increasingly important for many researchers interested in improving the study of anxiety and trauma disorders. We recently illustrated the wide variability in data analysis techniques in this paradigm, which we argued may result in a lack of robustness. In the current study, we resampled data from six of our own fear acquisition and extinction data sets, with skin conductance as the outcome. In the resampled and original...
Tue Aug 04, 2020 14:34
Abstract Interindividual variations in the ability to perform visuospatial mental transformations have been investigated extensively, in particular through mental rotation tasks. However, the impact of early visual processes on performance has been largely ignored. To clarify this issue, we explored the time‐course of early visual processing (from 0 to 450 ms poststimulus) using event‐related potentials topographic analyses. The main findings demonstrated a significant link between early attentional...
Tue Aug 04, 2020 14:30
Abstract The influence of the language context on language control has been widely discussed in the bilingualism literature, and there is an increase in studies examining the effect of language context on domain‐general executive control. However, it remains unclear how language contexts affect executive control performance. In the present study, we created single‐ and mixed‐language comprehension contexts. Unbalanced Chinese‐English bilinguals completed a modified flanker task that was interleaved...
Tue Aug 04, 2020 14:24
Abstract The present study aims at identifying reliable markers of neural preparatory processes during hypnosis. To this goal, we recorded the electroencephalographic activity of 23 volunteers regardless of their hypnotizability score. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were elicited while participants received non‐painful electrical stimuli on the left median nerve in the conditions of relaxation and hypnosis with suggestions of reduced sensation. SEPs analysis was focused on the pre‐stimulus...
Tue Aug 04, 2020 14:14
Abstract Resilience is a protective health variable that contributes to successful adaptation to stressful experiences. However, in spite of its relevance, few studies have examined the psychophysiological and neuropsychological mechanisms involved in resilience. The present study analyzes, in a sample of 54 young women, the relationships between high‐ and low‐resilience, measured with the Spanish versions of Connor‐ Davidson Resilience Scale questionnaire and the Resilience Scale, and two indices...
Tue Aug 04, 2020 14:11
Abstract AMPA‐type glutamate receptors (AMPARs), the key elements of fast excitatory neurotransmission in the brain, are receptor ion channels whose core is assembled from pore‐forming and three distinct types of auxiliary subunits. While it is well established that this assembly occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), it has remained largely enigmatic how this receptor‐building happens. Here we review recent findings on the biogenesis of AMPARs in native neurons as a multistep production line...
Tue Aug 04, 2020 17:25
Key points The mechanisms involved in hypothermia and fever during systemic inflammation (SI) remains largely unknown. Our data support the contention that brain‐mediated mechanisms are different in hypertension during SI. Considering that clinically it is not easy to assess all mechanisms involved in cardiovascular and thermoregulatory control during SI this study sheds light on these integrated mechanisms that may be triggered simultaneously in septic hypertensive patients. This study demonstrates...
Tue Aug 04, 2020 17:23
Key points Fetal growth restriction induces a hemodynamic response which aims to maintain blood flow to vital organs such as the brain, in the face of chronic hypoxemia Maternal sildenafil treatment impairs the hypoxemia‐driven hemodynamic response and potentially compromises fetal development. Abstract Background Inadequate substrate delivery to a fetus results in hypoxemia and fetal growth restriction (FGR). In response, fetal cardiovascular adaptations redirect cardiac output to...
Tue Aug 04, 2020 17:04
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