Cancer, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2wedQYW
Κυριακή 6 Μαΐου 2018
Understanding health‐related quality of life in adult women with metastatic cancer who have dependent children
β-catenin ( CTNNB1 ) mutation and LEF1 expression in sinonasal glomangiopericytoma (sinonasal-type hemangiopericytoma)
Abstract
Sinonasal glomangiopericytoma (SN-GPC) is an uncommon mesenchymal tumor with myoid differentiation. Recently, mutations in exon 3 of the gene coding for β-catenin (CTNNB1) and its nuclear expression were discovered in SN-GPC. β-catenin protein is a key regulatory molecule of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. The expression of β-catenin target proteins is not well characterized in SN-GPC. We examined three SN-GPCs by immunohistochemistry and CTNNB1 mutation analysis. All cases expressed nuclear β-catenin. We identified CTNNB1 exon 3 mutations in two analyzable cases. Lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1), a protein downstream from β-catenin, was also expressed in all cases. Our results further characterized the activation of the Wnt signaling pathway caused by CTNNB1 exon 3 mutation and suggest the utility of LEF1 immunohistochemistry in the differential diagnosis of SN-GPC.
https://ift.tt/2I26ol1
Exposure‐safety and efficacy response relationships and population pharmacokinetics of eslicarbazepine acetate
Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2rojNh1
Homocarnosinosis: A historical update and findings in the SPG11 gene
Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2JYS2Cy
Dento‐alveolar measurements and histomorphometric parameters of maxillary and mandibular first molars, using micro‐CT
Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2HVtaiK
Novel electrical conductivity device for osteotomy preparation for dental implants placement: A cadaver study
Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2wjlm4H
Starvation tactics using natural compounds for advanced cancers: pharmacodynamics, clinical efficacy, and predictive biomarkers
Cancer Medicine, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2KHNhOT
Discovery of novel pyrrolopyrimidine/pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives bearing 1,2,3‐triazole moiety as c‐Met kinase inhibitors
Chemical Biology &Drug Design, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2Ik3nQE
Mode of delivery after a previous cesarean birth, and associated maternal and neonatal morbidity [Research]
BACKGROUND:
The mode of delivery for women with a previous cesarean delivery remains contentious. We conducted a study comparing maternal and infant outcomes after attempted vaginal birth after cesarean delivery versus elective repeat cesarean delivery.
METHODS:We used data from the Discharge Abstract Database that includes all hospital deliveries in Canada (excluding Quebec). In our analysis, we included singleton deliveries to women between 37 and 43 weeks gestation who had a single prior cesarean delivery between April 2003 and March 2015. The primary outcomes were severe maternal morbidity and mortality, and serious neonatal morbidity and mortality. We used logistic regression to estimate adjusted rate ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS:Absolute rates of severe maternal morbidity and mortality were low but significantly higher after attempted vaginal birth after cesarean delivery compared with elective repeat cesarean delivery (10.7 v. 5.65 per 1000 deliveries, respectively; adjusted RR 1.96, 95% CI 1.76 to 2.19). Adjusted rate differences in severe maternal morbidity and mortality, and serious neonatal morbidity and mortality were small (5.42 and 7.09 per 1000 deliveries, respectively; number needed to treat 184 and 141, respectively). The association between vaginal birth after cesarean delivery, and serious neonatal morbidity and mortality showed a temporal worsening (adjusted RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.15 in 2003–2005; adjusted RR 2.07, 95% CI 1.83 to 2.35 in 2012–2014).
INTERPRETATION:Although absolute rates of adverse outcomes are low, attempted vaginal birth after cesarean delivery continues to be associated with higher relative rates of severe morbidity and mortality in mothers and infants. Temporal worsening of infant outcomes after attempted vaginal birth after cesarean delivery highlights the need for greater care in selecting candidates, and more careful monitoring of labour and delivery.
https://ift.tt/2roKVwA
Women’s Preference for Masculine Faces Not Linked With Hormones
Data from almost 600 participants show that women's perceptions of male attractiveness do not vary according to their hormone levels, in contrast with some previous research. The study findings are published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.
"We found no evidence that changes in hormone levels influence the type of men women find attractive," say lead researcher Benedict C. Jones of the University of Glasgow.
"This study is noteworthy for its scale and scope — previous studies typically examined small samples of women using limited measures," Jones explains. "With much larger sample sizes and direct measures of hormonal status, we weren't able to replicate effects of hormones on women's preferences for masculine faces."
To address the limitations of previous studies, Jones and coauthors recruited 584 heterosexual women to participate in a series of weekly test sessions. In each session, the participants reported whether they were currently in a romantic relationship and whether they were currently using hormonal contraceptives. They provided a saliva sample for hormone analyses and completed a task that measured their preferences for different types of male faces.
Example of a feminized male face
In each face-preference task, the participants saw 10 pairs of male faces and selected the face in each pair that they found more attractive, rating how strong their preference was. The two faces in each pair were digitally altered versions of the same photo – one face was altered to have somewhat feminized features and the other was altered to have somewhat masculinized features. To obscure the specific objective of the study, the researchers interspersed these attractiveness judgments among other filler questions.
Example of masculinized male face
As expected, women generally rated the masculinized faces as more attractive than the feminized faces. Preference for the more masculinized faces was also slightly stronger when women judged attractiveness in the context of a short-term relationship as opposed to a long-term relationship.
However, there was no evidence that women's preferences varied according to levels of fertility-related hormones, such as estradiol and progesterone. There was also no association between attractiveness judgments and levels of other potentially influential hormones, such as testosterone and cortisol.
These findings run counter to the hypothesis that sexual selection pressures lead women to prefer more masculine mates, who supposedly have greater genetic "fitness," when they are most fertile and most likely to conceive.
The data also showed that oral contraceptive use did not dampen women's preference for masculine faces, as has been shown previously.
"There has been increasing concern that the birth control pill might disrupt romantic relationships by altering women's mate preferences, but our findings do not provide evidence of this," says Jones.
In light of these findings, Jones and coauthors are continuing to investigate whether other fertility-related differences hold up in larger, more robust studies.
This research was supported by European Research Council grants awarded to B. C. Jones (OCMATE) and L. M. DeBruine (KINSHIP).
All data and materials have been made publicly available via the Open Science Framework. The complete Open Practices Disclosure is available online. This article has received badges for Open Data and Open Materials.
https://ift.tt/2jAxjtB
Role of Melatonin in Aluminum-Related Neurodegenerative Disorders: a Review
Abstract
Aluminum (Al), a potentially neurotoxic element, provokes various adverse effects on human health such as dialysis dementia, osteomalacia, and microcytic anemia. It has been also associated with serious neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinsonism dementia of Guam. The "aluminum hypothesis" of AD assumes that the metal complexes can potentiate the rate of aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ), enhancing the toxicity of this peptide, and being able of contributing to the pathogenesis of AD. It has been supported by a number of analytical, epidemiological, and neurotoxicological studies. On the other hand, melatonin (Mel) is a potent direct free radical scavenger and indirect antioxidant, which acts increasing the activity of important related antioxidant enzymes, and preventing oxidative stress and cell death of neurons exposed to Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. Therefore, Mel might be useful in the treatment of AD by reducing the Aβ generation and by inhibiting mitochondrial cell death pathways. The present review on the role of Mel in Al-related neurodegenerative disorders concludes that the protective effects of this hormone, together with its low toxicity, support the administration of Mel as a potential supplement in the treatment of neurological disorders, in which oxidative stress is involved.
https://ift.tt/2rnoeZC
Dystrophic Adipocytes Mimicking Metastatic Signet Ring Cell Adenocarcinoma: A Diagnostic Pitfall in a Cachectic Patient
Cachexia is a debilitating condition and complex syndrome commonly associated with a variety of chronic diseases. It is caused by metabolic dysregulation and characterized by profound loss of adipose tissue and skeletal muscles. While pathological changes of cachectic conditions on adipose tissue have been studied and documented in tumor-bearing animal models, similar morphological changes in human surgical specimens are rare. Here we report a case of a cachectic patient with pancreatic adenocarcinoma whose adipocytes underwent dramatic lipodystrophy mimicking signet ring cell adenocarcinoma. The patient had presented with a large bowel obstruction, a mass extending between the pancreas and colon, and radiographic concern for carcinomatosis. A moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma was identified invading externally into the colon, with extensive signet ring-like cells throughout the specimen, including those adjacent to the colon and lymph nodes and around nerves. These signet ring-like cells were round with variably clear to eosinophilic cytoplasm and a peripherally displaced round to oval nucleus. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that these signet ring-like cells were negative for AE1/AE3, CD138, or Kreyberg staining, while they were positive for S-100 staining, confirming these as dystrophic adipocytes. Here we examine dystrophic adipocytes in a cachetic patient, examining the differential diagnosis and potential ancillary studies.
https://ift.tt/2JWOGjv
Frontmatter
Journal Name: Biological Chemistry
Volume: 399
Issue: 6
Pages: i-iv
https://ift.tt/2rp4OTq
Mammary gland carcinoma “in situ” in a male dog: case report
Abstract
Mammary gland tumors are among the most frequently diagnosed neoplasms in female dogs. However, they are rare in male dogs, with incidence ranging from 0 to 2.7% (less than 1% on average). The triggering factors in males are still obscure, but studies have shown that hormonal abnormalities, especially those associated with testicular neoplasms, predispose towards their occurrence. Among the most common histological types diagnosed in males, adenocarcinoma, papillary cystadenocarcinoma, carcinosarcoma, simple adenoma, and spindle cell sarcoma can be highlighted. However, there are no reports of carcinoma "in situ" in males and its incidence in females is low. The present study reports a case of carcinoma in situ in a 13-year-old mixed-breed male dog, comprising a mammary gland tumor associated with mastitis, together with two histologically distinct tumors in the testicles (one in each): one was a diffuse seminoma and the other, a solid interstitial cell tumor. The present report is novel because of the histology of the mammary gland tumor.
https://ift.tt/2whMocW
Lipids hide or step aside for CD1-autoreactive T cell receptors
Rachel N Cotton | Adam Shahine | Jamie Rossjohn | D Branch Moody
https://ift.tt/2HZOTSw
Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin
Here, we describe the induction of experimental nephrotic syndrome in 129S1/SvImJ mice by rapid retrobulbar injection of doxorubicin. We also treat nephrotic mice with sustained release pellets containing aprotinin to inhibit urinary serine protease activity and prevent sodium retention.
https://ift.tt/2rpikXf
Bile Salt-induced Biofilm Formation in Enteric Pathogens: Techniques for Identification and Quantification
This protocol enables the reader to analyze bile salt-induced biofilm formation in enteric pathogens using a multifaceted approach to capture the dynamic nature of bacterial biofilms by assessing adherence, extracellular polymeric substance matrix formation, and dispersion.
https://ift.tt/2KFS97t
Continuous low-dose infusion of patupilone increases the therapeutic index in mouse and rat tumour models
Patupilone is a microtubule-targeted cytotoxic agent with clinical efficacy, but causes diarrhoea in more than 80% of patients. The efficacy and tolerability of patupilone delivered continuously by subcutaneous (s.c.) mini-pumps [(mini-pump dose (MPD)] or by intravenous bolus administration [intravenous bolus dose (IVBD)] were compared preclinically to determine whether the therapeutic index could be improved. The antiproliferative potency in vitro of patupilone was determined by measuring total cell protein. Tumours were grown s.c. in rats (A15) or nude mice (KB31, KB8511) or intracranially in nude mice (NCI-H460-Luc). Efficacy was monitored by measuring tumour volumes, bioluminescence or survival. Toxicity was monitored by body weight and/or diarrhoea. Total drug levels in blood, plasma, tissues or dialysates were quantified ex-vivo by liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy/mass spectroscopy. Patupilone was potent in vitro with GI50s of 0.24–0.28 nmol/l and GI90s of 0.46–1.64 nmol/l. In rats, a single IVBD of patupilone dose dependently inhibited the growth of A15 tumours, but also caused dose-dependent body weight loss and diarrhoea, whereas MPD achieved similar efficacy, but no toxicity. In mice, MPD showed efficacy similar to that of IVBD against KB31 and KB8511 tumours, but with reduced toxicity. In a mouse intracranial tumour model, IVBD was more efficacious than MPD, consistent with patupilone concentrations in the brain. MPD provided constant plasma levels, whereas IVBD had very high C0/Cmin ratios of 70–280 (rat) or 8000 (mouse) over the dosing cycle. Overall, the correlation of plasma and tumour levels with response indicated that a Cave of at least GI90 led to tumour stasis. Continuous low concentrations of patupilone by MPD increased the therapeutic index in s.c. rodent tumour models compared with IVBD by maintaining efficacy, but reducing toxicity. Correspondence to Paul M. McSheehy, PhD, Basilea Pharmaceutica, Grenzacherstrasse, 487, CH-4005 Basel, Switzerland Tel: +41 796 982 694; e-mail: paul.mcsheehy@basilea.com Received January 6, 2018 Accepted April 12, 2018 Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
https://ift.tt/2HYmgoT
https://ift.tt/2HYmgoT
In Vivo Gene Transfer to the Rabbit Common Carotid Artery Endothelium
This method is to introduce a transgene into the endothelium of rabbit carotid arteries. Introduction of the transgene allows the assessment of the biological role of the transgene product either in normal arteries or disease models. The method is also useful for measuring activity of DNA regulatory sequences.
https://ift.tt/2KEK8iZ
A Preclinical Mouse Model of Osteosarcoma to Define the Extracellular Vesicle-mediated Communication Between Tumor and Mesenchymal Stem Cells
https://ift.tt/2rn1BEq
Incidence and Risk Factors for Perioperative Cardiovascular and Respiratory Adverse Events in Pediatric Patients With Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Noncardiac Procedures
BACKGROUND: While mortality and adverse perioperative events after noncardiac surgery in children with a broad range of congenital cardiac lesions have been investigated using large multiinstitutional databases, to date single-center studies addressing adverse outcomes in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) undergoing noncardiac surgery have only included small numbers of patients with significant heart disease. The primary objective of this study was to determine the incidences of perioperative cardiovascular and respiratory events in a large cohort of patients from a single institution with a broad range of congenital cardiac lesions undergoing noncardiac procedures and to determine risk factors for these events. METHODS: We identified 3010 CHD patients presenting for noncardiac procedures in our institution over a 5-year period. We collected demographic information, including procedure performed, cardiac diagnosis, ventricular function as assessed by echocardiogram within 6 months of the procedure, and classification of CHD into 3 groups (minor, major, or severe CHD) based on residual lesion burden and cardiovascular functional status. Characteristics related to conduct of anesthesia care were also collected. The primary outcome variables for our analysis were the incidences of intraoperative cardiovascular and respiratory events. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were used to determine risk factors for these 2 outcomes. RESULTS: The incidence of cardiovascular events was 11.5% and of respiratory events was 4.7%. Univariate analysis and multivariable analysis demonstrated that American Society of Anesthesiologists (≥3), emergency cases, major and severe CHD, single-ventricle physiology, ventricular dysfunction, orthopedic surgery, general surgery, neurosurgery, and pulmonary procedures were associated with perioperative cardiovascular events. Respiratory events were associated with American Society of Anesthesiologists (≥4) and otolaryngology, gastrointestinal, general surgery, and maxillofacial procedures. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative cardiovascular events and respiratory events in patients with CHD were relatively common. While cardiovascular events were highly associated with cardiovascular status, respiratory events were not associated with cardiovascular status. Accepted for publication March 5, 2018. Funding: None. J. A. DiNardo and K. Yuki contributed equally and share senior authorship. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's website (https://ift.tt/KegmMq). Reprints will not be available from the authors. Address correspondence to Koichi Yuki, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Cardiac Anesthesia Division, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115. Address e-mail to koichi.yuki@childrens.harvard.edu. © 2018 International Anesthesia Research Society
https://ift.tt/2HSEbBa
https://ift.tt/2HSEbBa
World Health Organization-World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists (WHO-WFSA) International Standards for a Safe Practice of Anesthesia
The International Standards for a Safe Practice of Anesthesia were developed on behalf of the World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists (WFSA), a nonprofit organization representing anesthesiologists in 150 countries, and the World Health Organization (WHO). The recommendations have been approved by WHO and the membership of WFSA. These Standards are applicable to all anesthesia providers throughout the world. They are intended to provide guidance and assistance to anesthesia providers, their professional organizations, hospital and facility administrators, and governments for maintaining and improving the quality and safety of anesthesia care. The Standards cover professional aspects; facilities and equipment; medications and intravenous fluids; monitoring; and the conduct of anesthesia. HIGHLY RECOMMENDED standards, the functional equivalent of mandatory standards, include (amongst other things): the continuous presence of a trained and vigilant anesthesia provider; continuous monitoring of tissue oxygenation and perfusion by clinical observation and a pulse oximeter; intermittent monitoring of blood pressure; confirmation of correct placement of an endotracheal tube (if used) by auscultation and carbon dioxide detection; the use of the WHO Safe Surgery Checklist; and a system for transfer of care at the end of an anesthetic. The International Standards represent minimum standards and the goal should always be to practice to the highest possible standards, preferably exceeding the standards outlined in this document. Accepted for publication March 22, 2018. WHO ePub clearance: WHO ePub-IP-00090890-EC. This article is jointly published in the Canadian Journal of Anesthesia and Anesthesia & Analgesia. Address correspondence to Adrian W. Gelb, Department of Anesthesia & Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, 500 Parnassus Ave, MUE 404, San Francisco, CA 94143. Address e-mail to adrian.gelb@ucsf.edu. © 2018 International Anesthesia Research Society
https://ift.tt/2HTAmvR
https://ift.tt/2HTAmvR
Corticosteroid Injections into Lumbar Facet Joints: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial
Background Corticosteroid injections into the intra-articular (IA) zygapophysial (z-joints) are frequently utilized to treat this cause of low back pain. No studies have been done on the efficacy of IA corticosteroids in those with z-joint pain confirmed by dual comparative medial branch blocks (MBB). Objective To determine if an injection of a corticosteroid into lumbar z-joints is effective in reducing pain and the need for radiofrequency neurotomy (RFN). Design Double-Blind, prospective, randomized, placebo controlled trial Setting Academic Medical Center Patients 28 subjects with z-joint pain confirmed by MBBs. Methods Subjects with confirmed z-joint pain via dual comparative MBB were randomized to receive either intra-articular corticosteroid (triamcinolone 20 mg) or saline via fluoroscopic guided injection. Outcomes Need for RFN Results No statistically significant difference in the need for radiofrequency neurotomy (RFN) between the groups, with 75% [95% CI (50.5-99.5%)] of the saline group vs 91% [95% CI (62.3-100%)] of the corticosteroid group receiving RFN. No difference in mean time to RFN between saline (6.1 weeks) and corticosteroid (6.5 weeks) groups. Conclusions Corticosteroid injections into the lumbar z-joints were not effective in reducing the need for RFN of the medial branches in those with z-joint pain confirmed by dual comparative MBBs. Corresponding Author: Byron J Schneider MD, 2201 Children's Way, Suite 1318, Nashville, TN 37212, CA 94063, Email: Byron.j.schneider@vanderbilt.edu No relevant disclosures for any authors Funding from the Spine Intervention Society Findings previously presented in abstract form at AAPM&R and SIS annual meetings. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
https://ift.tt/2IkMhCe
https://ift.tt/2IkMhCe
Association of Academic Physiatrists Women’s Task Force Report
The Association of Academic Physiatrists (AAP) convened a women's task force in 2016, and the members agreed on a list of metrics that would permit retrospective data review pertaining to the representation and inclusion of women physicians in the society. Examples of categories examined included leadership positions (i.e., board membership, board presidents, committee membership, committee chairs, and resident fellow physician chairs), conference presentations (i.e., annual meeting session proposals, annual meeting faculty, annual meeting plenary speakers) and recognition awards (i.e., recognition award nominations and recipients). The findings highlight areas in which the AAP has been successful in supporting gender equity and other areas in which women physiatrists have been underrepresented. The task force worked with the Board of Trustees to construct an action plan; asking the respective committees to address areas of underrepresentation. A volunteer from each committee was deemed a "diversity steward" and going forward will work directly with the task force as a liaison to document an action plan and collect data. The board plans to transparently report progress to members and other stakeholders, and the task force aims to publish a follow-up report within the next five years. Corresponding Author Julie K. Silver, MD, Address: 300 1st Avenue, Charlestown, MA 02025. Email: Julie_silver@hms.harvard.edu Disclosures Julie K. Silver, MD - none Sara Cuccurullo, MD - none Anne Felicia Ambrose, MD – none Saurabha Bhatnagar, MD - none Glendaliz Bosques, MD – none Talya K. Fleming, MD - none Walter R. Frontera, MD, PhD - none Danielle Perret Karimi, MD - none Mooyeon Oh-Park, MD - none Gwendolyn Sowa, MD, PhD - none Christopher Visco, MD - none Lyn Weiss, MD - none Tiffany Knowlton, JD, MBA - none Funding Information – No funding was received for this work. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
https://ift.tt/2JXSDVk
https://ift.tt/2JXSDVk
Two-Year Longitudinal changes in lower limb strength and its relation to loss in function in a large cohort of patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Objective The main objective of this study were to examine the effect of disease on strength in two functionally important lower limb muscles over a period of two-years in children with Duchene Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). Design Seventy-Seven DMD children participated in this study. Plantar flexors (PF), knee extensors (KE) strength and performance on timed tests (Six-min walk, 4-stairs, 10m-walk, supine-up) was assessed yearly over two-years. Multivariate normal regression was used to assess changes in strength over time in the DMD group. Spearman correlations were computed to examine relationship between strength and function. Results Normalized PF and KE strength, showed a significant decrease (p
https://ift.tt/2ImimcZ
https://ift.tt/2ImimcZ
Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on walking and balance function after stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Objective To investigate the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on walking and balance function in patients with stroke. Design MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database were comprehensively searched for randomized controlled trials published through March 2017 that investigated the effects of rTMS on lower limb function. Main outcomes included walking speed, balance function, motor function, and cortical excitability. Results Nine studies were included. The meta-analysis revealed a significant effect of rTMS on walking speed (SMD 0.64, 95% CI: 0.32 to 0.95), particularly ipsilesional stimulation (SMD 0.80, 95% CI: 0.36 to 1.24). No significant effects were found for balance function (SMD 0.10, 95% CI: -0.26 to 0.45), motor function (MD 0.50, 95% CI: -0.68 to 1.68) or cortical excitability (motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) of the affected hemisphere: MD 0.21 mV, 95% CI: -0.11 to 0.54; MEPs of the unaffected hemisphere: MD 0.09 mV, 95% CI: -0.16 to -0.02). Conclusion These results suggest that rTMS, particularly ipsilesional stimulation, significantly improves walking speed. Future studies with larger sample sizes and an adequate follow-up period are required to further understand the effects of rTMS on lower limb function and its relationship with changes in cortical excitability with the help of functional neuroimaging techniques. Corresponding Author: Dr. Chengqi He, No 37 Guo-xue-xiang Street, Chengdu, E-mail: hxkfhcq2015@126.com, Pro. Shasha Li, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, Email: pmr.shashali@gmail.com Author Disclosures: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81000852 and 81301677; the American Heart Association Award, No. 17POST32530004; the Supporting Project of Science & Technology of Sichuan Province of China, No. 2012SZ0140. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
https://ift.tt/2JXSwsS
https://ift.tt/2JXSwsS
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Routine Venous Doppler Ultrasound for Diagnosis of Deep Venous Thrombosis at Admission to Inpatient Rehabilitation
Objective 1. Identify whether timing of venous thromboembolism (VTE) diagnosis is associated with differences in patient outcomes. 2. Perform a cost-effectiveness analysis of routine venous Doppler ultrasound at admission to inpatient rehabilitation (IPR), taking into account costs associated with prolonged IPR length of stay (LOS) and development of pulmonary embolism (PE). Design This was a retrospective cohort study of 2312 consecutive patient discharges from a single IPR facility over an 18-month period. Cost-effectiveness model was built using TreeAge Healthcare Pro. The base case was constructed using probabilities and IPR LOS identified from retrospective analysis. Cost of Doppler ultrasound was obtained through the literature, and daily IPR cost was obtained from the study institution. Results VTE was diagnosed in 6.6% of patients. Asymptomatic patients diagnosed with VTE on screening Doppler ultrasound had shorter IPR LOS (p = 0.045) and lower rate of PE (p
https://ift.tt/2IjdKUA
https://ift.tt/2IjdKUA
Automatic estimation of Purkinje‐Myocardial junction hot‐spots from noisy endocardial samples: A simulation study
International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2HVgPeg
International telecytology: Current applications and future potential
Diagnostic Cytopathology, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2KE8pWo
Discontinued stimulation of cardiomyocytes provides protection against hypothermia–rewarming‐induced disruption of excitation–contraction coupling
Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2rq72BO
Regulation of muscle protein synthesis in an in vitro cell model using ex vivo human serum
Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2HSjkOB
Femoral vascular conductance and peroneal muscle sympathetic nerve activity responses to acute epidural spinal cord stimulation in humans
Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2rq6WKs
The role of ethnicity on pregnancy outcomes in women with epilepsy: The need for specific research
Epilepsia, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2roZbV5
Everolimus dosing recommendations for tuberous sclerosis complex–associated refractory seizures
Epilepsia, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2HVPwQU
Photosensitivity as an early marker of epileptic and developmental encephalopathies
Epilepsia, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 1086-1087, May 2018.
https://ift.tt/2rnRNcM
The risk of Stevens‐Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in new users of antiepileptic drugs: Comment on data sparsity
Epilepsia, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 1083-1084, May 2018.
https://ift.tt/2HVPyZ2
Response: The risk of Stevens‐Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in new users of antiepileptic drugs: Comment on data sparsity
Epilepsia, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 1084-1085, May 2018.
https://ift.tt/2rqIrwL
Epilepsia – May 2018 – Announcements
Epilepsia, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 1088-1090, May 2018.
https://ift.tt/2HTPBVw
Sparse data and use of logistic regression
Epilepsia, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page 1085-1086, May 2018.
https://ift.tt/2rnaehC
Issue Information–ISSN page
Epilepsia, Volume 59, Issue 5, Page i-vii, May 2018.
https://ift.tt/2KGwOun
The Chinese Herb Yi-Qi-Huo-Xue Protects Cardiomyocyte Function in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Aims. To study the effect of the Chinese herb Yi-qi-huo-xue on cardiomyopathy in diabetic rats. Methods. Rats were fed a high fat and high glucose diet and injected with 50 ml/kg streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), followed by treatment with Yi-qi-huo-xue for 4 weeks. We measured the rats' heart weight index, observed the myocardial morphology using hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining, and determined the content of collagen types I and III in the myocardium using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We determined Bcl-2, Bax, and P53 protein expression by Western blot analysis and the cardiomyocyte apoptosis rate via a flow cytometry assay. Results. Compared with the rats in the control group, the diabetic rats gained weight and had increased blood sugar levels, an enhanced heart weight index, and increased myocardial pathophysiological damage. There was a decrease in their Bcl-2 expression, and their Bax and P53 expression increased. The Bcl-2/Bax ratio was enhanced, and there was an increase in the content of collagen types I and III in the myocardium. After treatment with Yi-qi-huo-xue, all levels listed above returned to normal. Conclusion. The Chinese herb Yi-qi-huo-xue degraded the myocardial interstitial collagen types I and III to protect the myocardium of the diabetic rats, thus delaying the role of myocardial fibrosis. Yi-qi-huo-xue could play an important role in protecting the myocardium of DCM rats by enhancing the expression of the Bcl-2 protein, inhibiting the expression of the Bax and P53 proteins, increasing the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, and inhibiting the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes.
https://ift.tt/2KCOeIm
Expanding the clinical spectrum of biallelic ZNF335 variants
Clinical Genetics, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2IhvGPM
Dairy product consumption and risk of colorectal cancer in an older mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk
International Journal of Cancer, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2wfxYtV
Pathological tumor regression grade of metastatic tumors in lymph node predicts prognosis in esophageal cancer patients
Cancer Science, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2FNf5xW
The relationship between frailty and polypharmacy in older people: A systematic review
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2jzboDo
Review article: short chain fatty acids as potential therapeutic agents in human gastrointestinal and inflammatory disorders
Alimentary Pharmacology &Therapeutics, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2Ijsva5
Systematic review: safety of mesalazine in ulcerative colitis
Alimentary Pharmacology &Therapeutics, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2HWq7CL
High efficacy of direct‐acting anti‐viral agents in hepatitis C virus‐infected cirrhotic patients with successfully treated hepatocellular carcinoma
Alimentary Pharmacology &Therapeutics, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2IiB5WI
Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation evokes resonant neural activity
Annals of Neurology, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2JVIQ1P
Synergistic Gating of Electro‐Iono‐Photoactive 2D Chalcogenide Neuristors: Coexistence of Hebbian and Homeostatic Synaptic Metaplasticity
Advanced Materials, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2HV7EKY
Fe Isolated Single Atoms on S, N Codoped Carbon by Copolymer Pyrolysis Strategy for Highly Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Advanced Materials, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2rpc15R
Instantaneous, Simple, and Reversible Revealing of Invisible Patterns Encrypted in Robust Hollow Sphere Colloidal Photonic Crystals
Advanced Materials, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2KFaQrD
Highly Conductive Thin Uniform Gold‐Coated DNA Nanowires
Advanced Materials, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2rpy1NN
Printable Skin‐Driven Mechanoluminescence Devices via Nanodoped Matrix Modification
Advanced Materials, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2KFOk1N
Issue Information
British Journal of Surgery, Volume 105, Issue S2, Page 1-4, June 2018.
https://ift.tt/2KEW7Nq
SEIQ abstracts
British Journal of Surgery, Volume 105, Issue S2, Page 5-14, June 2018.
https://ift.tt/2FNEwPL
Characteristics and outcomes of patients with hematologic malignancies receiving chemotherapy in the intensive care unit
Cancer, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2rpptXg
Study finds improvements in cancer survival for privately insured and medicare patients, but not others
Cancer, Volume 124, Issue 10, Page 2071-2071, May 15, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2HXKoMw
First person: John Byrd, MD
Cancer, Volume 124, Issue 10, Page 2069-2069, May 15, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2rsToOC
Patient protection and affordable care act elimination of mammogram copays has increased mammography rates
Cancer, Volume 124, Issue 10, Page 2070-2070, May 15, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2HTgOaV
Issue Information
Cancer, Volume 124, Issue 10, Page 2059-2068, May 15, 2018.
https://ift.tt/2rsTc1Q
Patient‐centered prioritization of bladder cancer research
Cancer, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2KExBMv
Trends in incidence and 5‐year mortality in men with newly diagnosed, metastatic prostate cancer—A population‐based analysis of 2 national cohorts
Cancer, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2ru5N4T
Inverse association of vitamin D3 levels with lung cancer mediated by genetic variation
Cancer Medicine, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2HVg3di
Prognostic relevance and performance characteristics of serum IGFBP‐2 and PAPP‐A in women with breast cancer: a long‐term Danish cohort study
Cancer Medicine, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2HVYMAx
Cancers, Vol. 10, Pages 136: Electron Nuclear Dynamics Simulations of Proton Cancer Therapy Reactions: Water Radiolysis and Proton- and Electron-Induced DNA Damage in Computational Prototypes
Cancers, Vol. 10, Pages 136: Electron Nuclear Dynamics Simulations of Proton Cancer Therapy Reactions: Water Radiolysis and Proton- and Electron-Induced DNA Damage in Computational Prototypes
Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers10050136
Authors: Erico S. Teixeira Karthik Uppulury Austin J. Privett Christopher Stopera Patrick M. McLaurin Jorge A. Morales
Proton cancer therapy (PCT) utilizes high-energy proton projectiles to obliterate cancerous tumors with low damage to healthy tissues and without the side effects of X-ray therapy. The healing action of the protons results from their damage on cancerous cell DNA. Despite established clinical use, the chemical mechanisms of PCT reactions at the molecular level remain elusive. This situation prevents a rational design of PCT that can maximize its therapeutic power and minimize its side effects. The incomplete characterization of PCT reactions is partially due to the health risks associated with experimental/clinical techniques applied to human subjects. To overcome this situation, we are conducting time-dependent and non-adiabatic computer simulations of PCT reactions with the electron nuclear dynamics (END) method. Herein, we present a review of our previous and new END research on three fundamental types of PCT reactions: water radiolysis reactions, proton-induced DNA damage and electron-induced DNA damage. These studies are performed on the computational prototypes: proton + H2O clusters, proton + DNA/RNA bases and + cytosine nucleotide, and electron + cytosine nucleotide + H2O. These simulations provide chemical mechanisms and dynamical properties of the selected PCT reactions in comparison with available experimental and alternative computational results.
https://ift.tt/2roS2VC
Cancers, Vol. 10, Pages 135: The Guardian of the Genome Revisited: p53 Downregulates Genes Required for Telomere Maintenance, DNA Repair, and Centromere Structure
Cancers, Vol. 10, Pages 135: The Guardian of the Genome Revisited: p53 Downregulates Genes Required for Telomere Maintenance, DNA Repair, and Centromere Structure
Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers10050135
Authors: Eléonore Toufektchan Franck Toledo
The p53 protein has been extensively studied for its capacity to prevent proliferation of cells with a damaged genome. Surprisingly, however, our recent analysis of mice expressing a hyperactive mutant p53 that lacks the C-terminal domain revealed that increased p53 activity may alter genome maintenance. We showed that p53 downregulates genes essential for telomere metabolism, DNA repair, and centromere structure and that a sustained p53 activity leads to phenotypic traits associated with dyskeratosis congenita and Fanconi anemia. This downregulation is largely conserved in human cells, which suggests that our findings could be relevant to better understand processes involved in bone marrow failure as well as aging and tumor suppression.
https://ift.tt/2rnmeR0
Cancers, Vol. 10, Pages 137: YAP and TAZ in Lung Cancer: Oncogenic Role and Clinical Targeting
Cancers, Vol. 10, Pages 137: YAP and TAZ in Lung Cancer: Oncogenic Role and Clinical Targeting
Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers10050137
Authors: Federica Lo Sardo Sabrina Strano Giovanni Blandino
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the world and there is no current treatment able to efficiently treat the disease as the tumor is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Moreover, cancer cells are often resistant or acquire resistance to the treatment. Further knowledge of the mechanisms driving lung tumorigenesis, aggressiveness, metastasization, and resistance to treatments could provide new tools for detecting the disease at an earlier stage and for a better response to therapy. In this scenario, Yes Associated Protein (YAP) and Trascriptional Coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), the final effectors of the Hippo signaling transduction pathway, are emerging as promising therapeutic targets. Here, we will discuss the most recent advances made in YAP and TAZ biology in lung cancer and, more importantly, on the newly discovered mechanisms of YAP and TAZ inhibition in lung cancer as well as their clinical implications.
https://ift.tt/2romhvc
Influence of Early Postoperative Feeding in Gastrointestinal Anastomotic Fistula Formation and Healing Time in Rabbits
Objectives. To determine whether early postoperative feeding attenuates the inhibitory effects of intestinal anastomosis in rabbits. Methods. After undergoing gastrointestinal anastomosis, 48 rabbits were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The rabbits in the experimental group were fed a liquid diet beginning 24 h postoperatively, while the control rabbits received only total parenteral nutrition after the operation. Exploratory laparotomies were performed on four rabbits in each group 3, 5, 7, 10, and 15 days postoperatively, and the healing rate of the anastomosis, anastomotic bursting pressure, anastomotic breaking strength, and hydroxyproline content at the anastomosis were determined. Results. The anastomoses healed in 91.6% (22/24) of the control group and 95.8% (23/24) of the experimental group. The anastomotic bursting pressure decreased remarkably in both groups 3 days postoperatively, reaching the lowest value. The anastomotic breaking strength did not differ between the two groups 3 days postoperatively, when both reached their lowest points, and both groups increased markedly and peaked 10 days postoperatively. The hydroxyproline content of the anastomosis was slightly lower in the experimental group 3 days postoperatively, although both groups peaked 7 days postoperatively. Conclusions. Early postoperative feeding does not increase the anastomosis healing time or rate of gastrointestinal anastomosis leakage.
https://ift.tt/2jyNw2r
Drug Resistance Patterns of Escherichia coli in Ethiopia: A Meta-Analysis
Background. Antimicrobial drug resistance is a global threat for treatment of infectious diseases and costs life and money and threatens health delivery system's effectiveness. The resistance of E. coli to frequently utilized antimicrobial drugs is becoming a major challenge in Ethiopia. However, there is no inclusive countrywide study. Therefore, this study intended to assess the prevalence of E. coli resistance and antimicrobial-specific resistance pattern among E. coli clinical isolates in Ethiopia. Methods. Articles were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and grey literature from 2007 to 2017. The main outcome measures were overall E. coli and drug-specific resistance patterns. A random-effects model was used to determine pooled prevalence with 95% confidence interval (CI), using DerSimonian and Laird method. In addition, subgroup analysis was conducted to improve the outcome. The study bias was assessed by Begg's funnel plot. This study was registered in PROSPERO as follows: PROSPERO 2017: CRD42017070106. Results. Of 164 articles retrieved, 35 articles were included. A total of 19,235 study samples participated in the studies and 2,635 E. coli strains were isolated. Overall, E. coli antibacterial resistance was 45.38% (95% confidence interval (CI): 33.50 to 57.27). The resistance pattern ranges from 62.55% in Addis Ababa to 27.51% in Tigray region. The highest resistance of E. coli reported was to ampicillin (83.81%) and amoxicillin (75.79%), whereas only 13.55% of E. coli isolates showed resistance to nitrofurantoin. Conclusion. E. coli antimicrobial resistance remains high with disparities observed among regions. The bacterium was found to be highly resistant to aminopenicillins. The finding implies the need for effective prevention strategies for the E. coli drug resistance and calls for multifaceted approaches with full involvement of all stakeholders.
https://ift.tt/2FKGDE5
In Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Melaleuca alternifolia Essential Oil
The in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Melaleuca alternifolia (M. alternifolia) was evaluated in this report. The antioxidant potential of the essential oil from M. alternifolia was evaluated by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method, thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) assay, and the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity method. The essential oil from M. alternifolia was able to reduce DPPH with an EC50 (concentration for 50% of maximal effect) of 48.35 μg/ml, inhibit the lipid peroxidation with an IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) of 135.9 μg/ml, and eliminate hydroxyl radicals with an EC50 of 43.71 μg/ml. Antimicrobial screening, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum bactericidal concentration assays showed that the essential oil from M. alternifolia inhibited strongly the growth of different types of microorganisms, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Penicillium italicum Wehmer, and Penicillium digitatum Sacc. Thus, the essential oil of M. alternifolia possesses antioxidant and antimicrobial activity and could be suitable for use as a natural preservative ingredient in food, agriculture, and pharmaceutical industries.
https://ift.tt/2FKGvEB
Retention of HIV-Positive Adolescents in Care: A Quality Improvement Intervention in Mid-Western Uganda
Background. Low retention of HIV-positive adolescents in care is a major problem across HIV programs. Approximately 70% of adolescents were nonretained in care at Katooke Health Center, Mid-Western Uganda. Consequently, a quality improvement (QI) project was started to increase retention from 29.3% in May 2016 to 90% in May 2017. Methods. In May 2016, we analyzed data for retention, prioritized gaps with theme-matrix selection, analyzed root causes with fishbone diagram, developed site-specific improvement changes and prioritized with countermeasures matrix, and implemented improvement changes with Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA). Identified root causes were missing follow-up strategy, stigma and discrimination, difficult health facility access, and missing scheduled appointments. Interventions tested included generating list of adolescents who missed scheduled appointments, use of mobile phone technology, and linkage of adolescents to nearest health facilities (PDSA 1), Adolescent Only Clinic (PDSA 2), and monthly meetings to address care and treatment challenges (PDSA 3). Results. Retention increased from 17 (29.3%) in May 2016 to 60 (96.7%) in August 2016 and was maintained above 90% until May 2017 (with exception of February and May 2017 recording 100% retention levels). Conclusion. Context specific, integrated, adolescent-centered interventions implemented using QI significantly improved retention in Mid-Western Uganda.
https://ift.tt/2FMHROU
Prospects of IL-2 in Cancer Immunotherapy
IL-2 is a powerful immune growth factor and it plays important role in sustaining T cell response. The potential of IL-2 in expanding T cells without loss of functionality has led to its early use in cancer immunotherapy. IL-2 has been reported to induce complete and durable regressions in cancer patients but immune related adverse effects have been reported (irAE). The present review discusses the prospects of IL-2 in immunotherapy for cancer.
https://ift.tt/2KHrKGm
Food Insecurity, Nutritional Status, and Factors Associated with Malnutrition among People Living with HIV/AIDS Attending Antiretroviral Therapy at Public Health Facilities in West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia
Background. In resource limited settings, HIV/AIDS patients lack access to sufficient nutritious foods, which poses challenges to the success of antiretroviral therapy. HIV/AIDS and malnutrition are still major public health problems in Ethiopia. Though measuring nutritional status is an essential part of ART program, little evidence exists on food insecurity and nutritional status of HIV/AIDS patients in Ethiopia. Hence, the study aimed to determine food insecurity and nutritional status and contextual determinants of malnutrition among HIV/AIDS patients in West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia. Methods. Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV/ADIS patients who have been attending antiretroviral therapy at public health facilities in West Shewa Zone from April to May 2016, Ethiopia. The sample size was 512 and study participants were selected from each facilities using systematic random sampling method. Data were collected using pretested questionnaire by trained data collectors. Data were entered to Epi-Info 3.5.1 for Windows and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine independent factors associated with malnutrition. Results. Prevalence of malnutrition was 23.6% (95% CI: 19.7%–27.4%) and prevalence of household food insecurity was 35.2% (95% CI: 31.1%–39.0%). Factors significantly associated with malnutrition among HIV/AIDS patients were unemployment (AOR = 3.4; 95% CI: 1.8–5.3), WHO clinical stages III/IV (AOR = 3.3; 95% CI: 1.8–6.5), CD4 count less than 350 cells/μl (AOR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.8–4.2), tuberculosis (AOR = 2.3; 95% CI: 1.3–4.9), duration on antiretroviral therapy (AOR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2–2.9), and household food insecurity (AOR = 5.3; 95% CI: 2.5–8.3). Conclusions. The findings revealed high prevalence of malnutrition and household food insecurity among HIV/AIDS patients attended ART. The negative interactive effects of undernutrition, inadequate food consumption, and HIV infection demand effective cross-sectorial integrated programs and effective management of opportunistic infections like tuberculosis.
https://ift.tt/2jxcoYw
Prevalence and Antibiogram Assessment of Staphylococcus aureus in Beef at Municipal Abattoir and Butcher Shops in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Objective. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2013 to April 2014 to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus from beef of Addis Ababa Abattoir and butcher shops in Addis Ababa. Seven hundred sixty-eight swab samples were taken from the abattoir and butcher carcasses using a systematic random sampling. One hundred twenty swab samples were also taken from hooks, cutting tables, and knives from the abattoir. Staphylococcus aureus positive isolates were taken for antibiotic susceptibility test. A questionnaire survey was conducted in the abattoir and butcher workers to assess the hygienic practice and possible risk factors regarding the contamination of meat. Results. The prevalence of S. aureus in the abattoir, butcher, cutting table, hook, and knife was 9.4%, 19.8%, 15%, 15%, and 22.5%, respectively. The prevalence of S. aureus in the knife and butcher was found to be 2.8 (OR = 2.8, CI = 1.2–6.4) and 2.4 (OR = 2.4, CI = 1.6–3.6) times that of the abattoir results (). The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was also conducted on 133 isolates of S. aureus using the disc diffusion susceptibility method. Bacitracin, neomycin, and methicillin were found to be 100% resistant to S. aureus. To avoid the presence of pathogenic Staphylococcus isolates, preventive measures using good hygienic practices during slaughtering and handling of the beef carcasses are recommended.
https://ift.tt/2jxr5L9
Early-Stage Estimated Value of Blend Sign on the Prognosis of Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Background and Purpose. This study aimed to explore the relationship between blend sign and prognosis of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods. Between January 2014 and December 2016, the results of cranial computed tomography imaging within 24 h after the onset of symptoms from 275 patients with ICH were retrospectively analyzed. The patients with or without blend sign were compared to observe and analyze the difference in coagulation function abnormality, rebleeding, mortality, and bad prognosis rates in the early stages. Results. Of the 275 patients with ICH, 47 patients had Blend Sign I (17.09%) and 17 patients had Blend Sign II (6.18%). The coagulation function abnormality rate had no statistical difference among Blend Sign I, Blend Sign II, and conventional groups (). In the Blend Sign I group, the rebleeding rate was 4.26%, bad prognosis rate was 25.53%, and mortality rate was 6.38%, which were not statistically significantly different compared with those in the conventional group (). The rebleeding rate in the Blend Sign II group was 47.06%, bad prognosis rate was 82.35%, and mortality rate was 47.06%, which were statistically significantly different compared with those in the conventional and Blend Sign I groups (). Conclusions. For the patients associated with Blend Sign I, the prognosis was equivalent to that in the conventional group, with no statistically significant difference. The rebleeding, bad prognosis, and mortality rates were higher in the Blend Sign II group than in the conventional group and deserved more attention.
https://ift.tt/2jyXSzE
Yokukansan, a Traditional Japanese Medicine, Enhances the Glutamate Transporter GLT-1 Function in Cultured Rat Cortical Astrocytes
Astrocytes carry two glutamate transporters—GLAST and GLT-1—the latter of which is responsible for >90% of glutamate uptake activity in the brain; however, under culture conditions, the GLT-1 expression in astrocytes is exceedingly low, as is the glutamate uptake activity mediated by GLT-1. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of yokukansan (YKS) in relation to the GLT-1-mediated regulation of extracellular glutamate concentrations. Thus, we treated cultured astrocytes with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and dibutyryl-cAMP (dBcAMP) (hereinafter, referred to as "TA") to increase GLT-1 expression and then functionally examined how YKS would affect glutamate uptake ability derived from GLT-1. Contrary to expectations, although the TA treatments did not affect the uptake activity, YKS significantly augmented it. Conversely, GLAST-derived glutamate uptake was significantly reduced by TA treatments but was unaffected by YKS. Subsequently, we analyzed the GLT-1 protein and mRNA levels and found that TA treatments had significantly increased them, which were then further augmented by YKS. These findings suggest that YKS enhances GLT-1-derived glutamate transport functions in TA-treated cultured astrocytes and that this process entails increased GLT-1 protein and mRNA levels. This type of mechanism may contribute to the YKS-mediated regulation of extracellular glutamate concentrations.
https://ift.tt/2rn8g1r
Toxicological Evaluation of Essential Oils from Some Plants of Rutaceae Family
Essential oils are produced as secondary metabolites by aromatic plants, predominantly belonging to families Apiaceae, Lamiaceae, Myrtaceae, and Rutaceae. The family Rutaceae has great economic importance for its numerous edible fruits and essential oils. In the present study, essential oils of seven plants of family Rutaceae, Aegle marmelos, Murraya koenigii, Citrus reticulata Blanco, Zanthoxylum armatum, Skimmia laureola, Murraya paniculata, and Boenninghausenia albiflora, were used for their toxicological assessment. Seven groups of selected essential oils-treated Wistar rats were established against control group () that received water for 14 days; animals were offered feed and water ad libitum and treated with essential oils at 400 mg/kg body weight. Hematological studies revealed significant elevation in TEC in animals treated with essential oils of M. koenigii, S. laureola, and B. albiflora, while an elevation in PCV and depletion in MCV were observed in animals treated with M. paniculata and B. albiflora, respectively. Serological investigations demonstrated significant depletion in triglycerides and elevation in blood sodium level in animals treated with essential oils of A. marmelos and C. reticulata Blanco. Boenninghausenia albiflora affected many markers including RBC, MCV, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, urea, and sodium. In conclusion, all oils except B. albiflora can be considered safe for internal use.
https://ift.tt/2HYz3aX
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Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete Greece,00302841026182,0030693260717...
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Alimentary Pharmacology &Therapeutics, EarlyView. https://ift.tt/2qECBIJ
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heory of COVID-19 pathogenesis Publication date: November 2020Source: Medical Hypotheses, Volume 144Author(s): Yuichiro J. Suzuki ScienceD...
