The Pediatric Primary Care-Specialist Interface: A Call For Action

Infants, children, adolescents, and young adults (hereafter referred to as "children") are increasingly using specialty medical services, defined herein as other physicians with additional training and expertise in a defined area. Among children ages 3-18 years, the number of ambulatory visits resulting in a referral to another physician more than doubled from 1999 to 2009, increasing from 4.93 to 10.5 million.1 At the same time, for several populations of children with need for pediatric specialty care, access has become more difficult.

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