Characterization of CTLA4 trafficking and implications for its function

CTLA4 is an essential negative regulator of T cell immune responses and a key checkpoint regulating autoimmunity and anti-tumour responses. Genetic mutations resulting in quantitative defects in the CTLA4 pathway are also associated with the development of immune dysregulation syndromes in humans. It has been proposed that CTLA4 functions to remove its ligands CD80 and CD86 from opposing cells by a process known as transendocytosis. A quantitative characterization of CTLA4 synthesis, endocytosis, degradation, and recycling and how this affects its function is currently lacking.

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